《周礼·天官》∶疡医掌肿疡、溃疡、折疡之祝药、 杀之剂。注云∶ 谓刮去脓血，
杀谓
以药食其恶肉。又曰∶凡疗疡以五毒攻之。注云∶今医方有五毒之药，合黄 置石胆、丹砂
、雄黄、矾石、磁石其中，烧之三日三夜，其烟上着，以鸡羽扫取之以注疮，恶肉破骨则尽
出。又曰∶以五气养之，以五药疗之，以五味节之。注云∶既 东而攻尽其宿肉，乃养之也
。五气当作五谷之误，是上古疡药，攻补兼施，无专用攻击之确证。予尝慨医藏一目综今存
者，几与释道埒。惟疡医之书，其见着录，惟宋·李迅《集验背疽方》，窦汉卿《疮疡经验
全书》，元·齐德之《外科精义》为近古。而国朝王氏洪绪，撰《全生集》，说尤完美。盖
是书务审病因，而辨章阴阳强弱，不失累黍，故世推为善本。武进马培之先生，关龠道枢，
营垒宝HT ；三世学医，趾美弥笃。由是誉满江南，一时叩门求药者，踵武相接。候色 眉，
莫不膏肓洞达，已而被诏入都，声望益奋。廓其闻见，所疗辄应，如春台登而上池饮也。其
明年既告归家HT 林阿，贞颐暇日，宏览秘芨，思有述造，用诏末学。以王氏重用阳剂，发言
过激，非古人和缓之意。奋以己意，攘剔瑕瑜，别白汤剂，条件 正，列于眉间。凡一月书
成，以归武林吴氏，付剞劂行世。夫阴疽流注，呼吸死生，俗医剽窃一二禁方，妄施针石，
固足杀人，即高明之士，竞竞守王氏一家言，亢厉自高，而于受病之本因，发病之形色，及
夫阴阳向背，用药节宣，禁忌之所宜，概置不讲。其为伐天和而残民命，亦挺刃之异耳。今
得先生斯评，庶业医者，得所圭臬，不致索涂 埴，其为功甚巨。而先生所以自寿以寿人者
，亦讵可量哉！刻既成，用述缘起如此。
光绪九年季春之月萧山汤纪尚拜叙
《周礼·天官》记载：疡医掌管肿疡、溃疡、折疡的祝由疗法及涂敷药物、腐蚀药剂。注释说：所谓“刮”，是指刮去脓血；所谓“杀”，是指用药物腐蚀去除坏死的腐肉。又说：凡是治疗疮疡，要用五种毒药来攻逐病邪。注释说：现在的医方中有五种毒性的药物，将黄丹、石胆、丹砂、雄黄、矾石、磁石混合在一起，焚烧三天三夜，其烟雾附着在物体上，用鸡羽毛扫取这些药灰来点敷疮口，坏死的腐肉和骨骼就会全部脱落排出。又说：用五气来调养它，用五类药物来治疗它，用五味来节制饮食。注释说：既然已经攻逐并清除尽宿存的腐肉，然后才进行调养。“五气”应当是“五谷”的误写，这说明上古时期的外科用药，攻邪与补益兼施，没有专门使用猛烈攻击药物的确凿证据。我曾经感慨，医学典籍中目前仅存的一目（指分类或类别）综合著作，几乎与佛道两家的书籍数量相当。只有外科医生的书籍，被著录在目录中的，仅有宋代李迅的《集验背疽方》、窦汉卿的《疮疡经验全书》、元代齐德之的《外科精义》算是接近古法。而本朝的王氏洪绪，撰写了《全生集》，其学说尤为完美。因为这本书致力于审察病因，辨析阴阳强弱的程度，丝毫不差，所以世人推崇它为善本。武进马培之先生，精通医理，如同掌握了关键的锁钥和营垒中的宝物；他家三代行医，继承美德更加深厚。因此名声传遍江南，当时登门求药的人，络绎不绝。他观察面色、审视眉毛（指望诊），对于深重的病症都能洞察透彻，不久后被皇帝征召入京，声望更加高涨。开阔了他的见闻，所治疗的病例往往见效，就像登上春台观赏美景、饮用上池之水一样高妙。第二年他告老还乡，隐居山林，在闲暇的日子里，广泛阅览秘藏的药籍，思考有所创述，用来教导后学。因为王氏重用阳热药物，言论过于激烈，不符合古代名医和缓的本意。马先生凭借自己的见解，剔除其中的瑕疵与优点，辨别汤剂的运用，逐条纠正错误，列于眉批之间。仅仅一个月书成就完成了，交给杭州吴氏，刻印发行于世。阴疽流注这类疾病，生死只在呼吸之间，庸医剽窃一两个禁秘方剂，胡乱施用针石，固然足以杀人；即使是高明的人士，如果拘谨地坚守王氏一家的学说，高傲自大，而对于患病根本原因、发病时的形色表现，以及阴阳的趋向背离、用药的节制宣通、禁忌的适宜与否，一概不予讨论。这伤害天和、残害百姓生命的行为，也就和持刀杀人没有什么区别了。如今有了先生的这篇评注，希望从事医疗行业的人，能得到标准的准则，不至于摸着石头过河（盲目探索），这种功劳是非常巨大的。而先生通过自寿来达到救人的目的，其功德又怎么可以估量呢！刻印完成后，于是叙述缘起如下。
光绪九年春季三月，萧山汤纪尚恭敬叙写
The "Rites of Zhou · Heavenly Offices" records: The physician for sores (Yang Yi) is in charge of the incantation therapies and the application of medicated pastes and cauterizing agents for tumid sores (Zhong Yang), ulcerated sores (Kui Yang), and fracture-related sores (Zhe Yang). The commentary states: "Scraping" refers to scraping away pus and blood; "killing" refers to using medicinal agents to cauterize and remove necrotic flesh. It further states: In treating all sores, five toxic medicines are used to attack the pathogen. The commentary explains: Current medical formulas contain five toxic drugs, which are combined with lead oxide (Huang Dan), lithargium (Shi Dan), cinnabar (Dan Sha), realgar (Xiong Huang), alum (Fan Shi), and magnetite (Ci Shi), and burned for three days and nights. The smoke produced adheres to surfaces; this residue is swept up with a chicken feather and applied to the sore, causing necrotic flesh and bone to be expelled completely. It also states: Nourish it with the five Qi, treat it with five categories of medicines, and regulate diet with the five flavors. The commentary notes: After the old necrotic flesh has been attacked and cleared out, nourishment can then proceed. "Five Qi" is likely a textual error for "Five Grains." This indicates that ancient surgical medications employed both attacking and tonifying methods simultaneously, with no definitive evidence of exclusive use of aggressive attacking agents.
I have often lamented that extant comprehensive medical texts are nearly equal in number to those of Buddhism and Daoism. Among surgical texts, only those recorded in bibliographies such as Li Xun's *Ji Yan Bei Ju Fang* (Collected Proven Formulas for Back Carbuncles) from the Song Dynasty, Dou Hanqing's *Chuang Yang Jing Quan Shu* (Complete Book of Experience in Sores and Ulcers), and Qi Dezhi's *Wai Ke Jing Yi* (Essentials of Surgery) from the Yuan Dynasty are considered close to ancient traditions. However, Mr. Wang Hongxu of our dynasty authored the *Quan Sheng Ji* (Complete Collection for Preserving Life), whose theories are particularly perfect. This book focuses on investigating the etiology and distinguishing the strength or weakness of Yin and Yang with precise accuracy, earning its reputation as an excellent edition among the public.
Mr. Ma Peizhi of Wujin mastered the essential principles of medicine, akin to holding the key to a lock or the treasure within a fortress. His family practiced medicine for three generations, inheriting virtue with increasing devotion. Consequently, his fame spread throughout Jiangnan, and visitors seeking remedies came in continuous succession. Through observation of facial complexion and eyebrows (inspection), he thoroughly understood even deep-seated diseases. He was later summoned to the capital by imperial decree, where his prestige grew even greater. Broadening his horizons, his treatments were invariably effective, like ascending a spring terrace to view scenery or drinking water from the upper pool.
In the following year, upon retiring to his home and living in seclusion in the forest, during his leisure time, he extensively studied secret pharmacopeias, intending to compose commentaries to instruct later learners. Because Mr. Wang heavily utilized yang-warming agents and his statements were overly radical, deviating from the intent of ancient renowned physicians like Huan Wei, Mr. Ma applied his own insights to eliminate flaws and highlight merits. He clarified the usage of decoctions, correcting errors item by item, and added marginal notes. The work was completed in just one month and entrusted to the Wu family in Hangzhou for printing and publication.
Diseases such as yin abscesses (Yin Ju) and flowing deposits (Liu Zhu) determine life and death in the span of a breath. Quack doctors, plagiarizing one or two secret formulas, recklessly apply needles and stones, which certainly can kill patients. Even highly skilled practitioners, if rigidly adhering to Mr. Wang’s school of thought, becoming arrogant and aloof, while ignoring the fundamental causes of disease, the clinical manifestations, the trends of Yin and Yang, the regulation of medication, and appropriate contraindications, commit acts of harming heavenly harmony and destroying human lives, differing little from murder with a blade. Now, with Mr. Ma's commentary, medical practitioners will have a standard criterion, avoiding blind groping in the dark. The merit of this is immense. Moreover, how can the merit of Mr. Ma, who preserves life through self-cultivation, be measured? Having completed the engraving, I hereby narrate the origin of this work.
Written respectfully by Tang Jishang of Xiaoshan in the third month of early spring, in the ninth year of Guangxu.