初起时肿高赤痛者。宜敷凉药。乃扑火之义也。然亦不可太过。过则恐变为阴。漫肿不红热。似有头而
不痛者。宜敷温药。乃引火就燥之义也。经云。发表不远热。敷热药亦发表之意。
凡调敷药。须多搅则药稠粘。敷后贴纸。必须 碎。则不崩裂。不时用原汁润之。盖借湿以通窍。干则药
气不入。更添拘急之苦。
凡去敷药。必看毛孔有汗。意者为血脉通热气散也。反此者逆。
如意金黄散 治痈疽发背。诸般疔肿。跌扑损伤。湿痰流毒。凡头时、肿。漆疮火丹。风热天泡。肌肤赤肿。
干湿香港脚。妇女乳痈。小儿丹毒。凡外科一切诸般顽恶肿毒。随手用之。无不应效。诚为疮家良便方
也。
黄柏（色重者） 大黄 姜黄（各五斤） 天花粉（上白十斤） 白芷（三斤） 紫浓朴 陈皮
甘草 苍术 天南星（各二斤）
以上共为咀片。晒极干燥。用大驴磨连磨三次。方用密绢罗厨筛出。瓷坛收贮。勿令泄气。凡遇红赤
肿痛。发热未成脓者。及夏月火令时。俱用茶汤同蜜调敷。如微热微肿。及大疮已成欲作脓者。俱用
葱汤同蜜调敷。如漫肿无头。皮色不变。湿痰流毒。附骨痈疽。鹤膝风症等病。俱用葱酒煎调。如风热
恶毒所生。患必皮肤亢热。红色光亮。形状游走不定者。俱用蜜水调敷。如天泡火丹赤游丹。黄水漆
疮。恶血攻注等症。俱用大蓝根叶捣汁调敷。加蜜亦可。汤泼火烧。皮肤破烂。麻油调敷。具此诸引。理
取寒热温凉。制之又在临用之际。顺合天时。洞窥病势。使引为当也。
二青散 治一切 热红肿。热痛阳毒。未成者即消。
青黛 白芨 白蔹 白薇 白芷 白藓皮 朴硝 水龙骨 黄柏（各一两） 天花粉（三两）
大黄（四两） 青露（即芙蓉叶三两）
为末。用醋蜜调敷。如已成者则敷四围。留顶。贴替针膏。
回阳玉龙膏 治背疽阴病。不肿高。不 痛。不发热。不作脓。及寒湿流注。鼓风久损。冷痛痹风。诸湿脚
气。手足顽麻。筋骨疼痛。及一切皮色不变。漫肿无头。鹤膝风等。但无皮红肌热者。一概用之。俱有功
效。
草乌（三两炒） 军姜（三两煨） 赤芍（炒） 白芷 南星（煨各一两） 肉桂（五钱）
上制毕。共为细末。热酒调敷。此药有军姜、肉桂。热血生血。既生既热。恐不能散而为害。故有草乌、南
星。可以破恶气。祛风毒。活死肌。除骨痛。消结块。回阳气。又有赤芍、白芷。足以散滞血。住痛苦。加以酒
行药性。攻通气血。虽十分冷症。未有不愈者。诚为寒灰之焰。枯木之春。大抵病冷则肌肉阴烂。不知
痛痒。其有痛者。又多附骨之痛。设若不除。则寒根透髓。寻常之药。固莫能及矣。
坎宫锭子 治 赤红热肿痛诸毒。并痔。
京墨（一两） 熊胆（三钱） 胡黄连 儿茶（各二钱） 冰片（一钱） 麝香（五分） 牛黄（三分）
上为末。用猪胆汁为主。加生姜汁、大黄水浸取汁、酽醋各少许相兑。和药成锭。用凉水磨如墨。以笔
蘸药涂之。
离宫锭子 治一切皮肉不变。漫肿无头。肿毒疔毒。
京墨（一两） 蟾酥 胆矾 血竭（各三钱） 朱砂（二钱） 麝香（一钱五分）
上为末。用凉水调成锭。凉水磨如墨。照前法涂之。
绛红膏 治一切肿毒已成。悉效。
先用加味神灯捻照毕。次用真银朱为末。以真生桐油调摊如膏。贴之。
二味消毒散 治热疖痱痤疥疹。风湿痒疮。
白矾（一两） 明雄黄（二钱）
上为末。茶清调化。鹅翎蘸扫。患之痒痛自止。痱粟自消。
铁桶膏 治将溃已溃时。根脚走散不收束者。
文蛤（微炒一两） 白芨（五钱） 铜绿（五钱） 明矾（四钱） 胆矾（三钱） 轻粉（二钱）
郁金（二钱） 麝香（三分）
上为末。收之听用。用陈米醋一碗。杓属性火煎至一小钟。起金色黄泡为度。待温入药一钱。搅匀炖
温。用新笔蘸涂根上。绵纸盖之。自生皱纹。渐收渐紧。再不开大。
一、用石青（一两） 铜绿（五钱） 硼砂（五钱） 白灵药（五钱）
上为末。次用阿胶一两。以黑铅三斤夹碎。水四碗。煎半碗。入阿胶再煎成膏。人药成锭。重二钱。用
人乳磨涂。
一、用铜绿（一两） 硼砂（一两）
以阿胶膏成锭。用乳香煎汤磨浓。新笔蘸涂。初起者涂一圈。消一圈。已溃者先用椒茶汤洗。如疮
口已完。皮肉未老。烧艾熏之。
马齿苋膏 发背诸毒。
苋一握。酒煎或水煮。冷服。自能出汗。一服退热去腐。三服良愈。再杵苋敷之。
杨梅愈后。遍身如癞。喉硬如管者。取苋碗粗一握。酒水煎服出汗。
多年顽疮 疮。顽痛不收口者。杵苋敷之。取虫。一日一换。三日后腐肉尽。见红肉珠时。换生肌药收口。
妇人脐下生疮。痛痒流水。连及二阴者。用苋四两、青黛一两。研匀敷之。丹毒。加蓝根捣敷。
唇紧面肿者。捣汁涂之。
湿癣白秃。取锻石末炒红。用苋汁熬膏。调匀涂之。
三十六种风疮。取苋一石、水二石。一釜煮之。澄清。纳黄蜡三两。再煎成膏。涂之服之。
初起时，局部肿胀高突、色红且疼痛的，适宜敷用凉性药物。这符合扑灭火热病邪的原则。但是也不宜过度使用，否则恐怕会转化为阴证，表现为漫肿无头、不红不热。对于似有脓头但不疼痛的，适宜敷用温性药物。这符合“引火归原”或引导火热之邪向外发散的原理。医经说：“发表（解表）不宜远离温热药”，敷用热药也有助于发散表邪的意思。
凡是调制外敷药物，必须多搅拌使药粉稠粘。敷药后贴附的纸张必须撕碎，这样才不会崩裂脱落。要不时用原汁润湿它，这是借助湿气来开通腠理毛孔，如果干燥则药气无法渗入，反而会增加拘挛急迫的痛苦。
凡是去除外敷药物时，必须观察患者毛孔是否有汗出，意谓着血脉通畅、热气已散。与此相反的情况则是逆证。
如意金黄散：治疗痈疽、发背，各种疔疮肿毒，跌打损伤，湿痰流注毒邪，以及头面浮肿、漆疮、火丹、风热天疱疮，肌肤红肿，干湿脚气，妇女乳痈，小儿丹毒等一切外科顽恶肿毒。随手可用，无不应验，确实是疮疡科医生的良方便方。
药材组成：黄柏（色泽深重的）、大黄、姜黄（各五斤），天花粉（上白者十斤），白芷（三斤），紫浓朴，陈皮，甘草，苍术，天南星（各二斤）。
以上药材共制成饮片，晒至极干燥，用大驴拉磨连续研磨三次，然后用细密绢布筛出粉末，装入瓷坛中密封保存，不要漏气。凡遇到红肿热痛、发热但尚未成脓的情况，以及夏季暑热时节，都用茶汤加蜂蜜调匀外敷。如果是微热微肿，以及大疮已成即将化脓的情况，都用葱汤加蜂蜜调匀外敷。如果是漫肿无头、皮色不变、湿痰流注毒邪、附骨痈疽、鹤膝风等症状，都用葱酒煎煮后调匀外敷。如果是风热恶毒所生，患处皮肤亢盛发热、红色光亮、形状游走不定的，都用蜜水调匀外敷。如果是天疱疮、火丹、赤游丹、黄水疮、漆疮、恶血攻注等症状，都用大蓝根叶捣汁调匀外敷，加蜂蜜也可以。被汤水烫伤或火烧导致皮肤破烂的，用麻油调匀外敷。具备这些不同的引经报使药物，道理在于选取寒热温凉之性，关键在于临用时根据天时气候和病情深浅灵活变通，使引经药物得当。
二青散：治疗一切热毒引起的红肿、热痛阳毒。未成脓者可立即消散。
药材组成：青黛、白芨、白蔹、白薇、白芷、白鲜皮、朴硝、水龙骨、黄柏（各一两），天花粉（三两），大黄（四两），青露（即芙蓉叶三两）。
研为细末，用醋和蜂蜜调匀外敷。如果已经成脓，则敷在疮疡四周，留出顶部，贴上替针膏以促排脓。
回阳玉龙膏：治疗背疽阴证，表现为不肿胀高突、不疼痛、不发热、不作脓，以及寒湿流注，久病体虚受风，冷痛痹症，各种湿性脚气，手足顽麻，筋骨疼痛，以及一切皮色不变、漫肿无头的鹤膝风等。只要没有皮肤发红、肌肉发热的症状，一概使用此药，均有疗效。
药材组成：草乌（三两，炒制），军姜（三两，煨制），赤芍（炒制），白芷，南星（煨制，各一两），肉桂（五钱）。
制作完成后，共研为细末，用热酒调匀外敷。此药含有军姜、肉桂，能温热血脉、生发阳气；既然生热，恐怕不能自行消散而有害，所以配有草乌、南星，可以破除恶气、祛除风毒、活化死肌、消除骨痛、消散结块、回阳救逆。又有赤芍、白芷，足以散瘀滞之血、止痛苦。再加上酒能行药性，攻通气血，即使是十分严重的寒证，也没有不痊愈的。诚如寒灰中的火焰，枯木逢春。大概寒性病会导致肌肉腐烂坏死，不知痛痒；如果有痛的，又多伴有附骨之痛。如果不除去寒根，寒气透入骨髓，寻常药物确实难以达到效果。
药材组成：京墨（一两），熊胆（三钱），胡黄连，儿茶（各二钱），冰片（一钱），麝香（五分），牛黄（三分）。
研为细末，以猪胆汁为主料，加入少许生姜汁、大黄水浸取汁、浓醋混合兑入，调和药物制成锭剂。用时用凉水磨开如墨汁状，用笔蘸药涂抹患处。
药材组成：京墨（一两），蟾酥，胆矾，血竭（各三钱），朱砂（二钱），麝香（一钱五分）。
研为细末，用凉水调成锭剂。用时用凉水磨开如墨汁状，照前法涂抹。
绛红膏：治疗一切肿毒已成脓者，全部有效。
先用加味神灯捻照射完毕，次用真银朱研为细末，用真生桐油调匀摊涂如膏状，贴敷患处。
研为细末，用茶水澄清液调化，用鹅毛翎蘸扫患处。患处的痒痛自然停止，痱粟自然消退。
铁桶膏：治疗疮疡将溃或已溃时，疮根走散不收束的情况。
药材组成：文蛤（微炒一两），白芨（五钱），铜绿（五钱），明矾（四钱），胆矾（三钱），轻粉（二钱），郁金（二钱），麝香（三分）。
研为细末，收存备用。用陈米醋一碗，置于文火上煎至一小钟量，出现金色黄泡为度。待温度适宜时加入药末一钱，搅匀炖温，用新笔蘸涂于疮根处，盖上绵纸，疮口自生皱纹，逐渐收紧，不再扩大。
其一：用石青（一两），铜绿（五钱），硼砂（五钱），白灵药（五钱）。
研为细末。其次用阿胶一两，黑铅三斤夹碎，加水四碗，煎至半碗，加入阿胶再煎成膏，纳入药末制成锭剂，重二钱。用人乳磨开涂抹。
其二：用铜绿（一两），硼砂（一两）。
以阿胶膏制成锭剂，用乳香煎汤磨浓，用新笔蘸涂。初起者涂一圈消一圈；已溃者先用椒茶汤清洗疮口。如果疮口已愈合但皮肉未老练，用烧艾熏烤。
取马齿苋一把，用酒煎煮或水煮，冷服，自能出汗。一服退热去腐，三服可良好痊愈。再将马齿苋捣烂敷于患处。
杨梅疮痊愈后，遍身如癞，喉硬如管者，取碗口粗的一握马齿苋，酒水煎服令其出汗。
多年顽固疮疡，疮口顽痛不收敛者，捣烂马齿苋敷之，可取出虫体。一日换一次药，三日后腐肉尽去，见到红肉珠时，更换生肌药收口。
When the swelling is high, red, and painful at the initial stage, cool-acting medicines should be applied. This aligns with the principle of extinguishing fire. However, it must not be excessive; otherwise, it may transform into a Yin syndrome, characterized by diffuse swelling without redness or heat. For lesions that appear to have a head but are painless, warm-acting medicines should be applied. This follows the principle of guiding fire towards dryness (or directing pathological heat outward). The Classics state: "To release the exterior, one should not avoid hot medicines." Applying hot medicines also serves the purpose of releasing the exterior.
When preparing external application powders, they must be stirred frequently to achieve a thick, sticky consistency. The paper used for covering after application must be torn into small pieces to prevent cracking or peeling off. It should be moistened occasionally with its original juice, utilizing moisture to open the pores. If it dries out, the medicinal qi cannot penetrate, causing increased stiffness and discomfort.
When removing the external application, one must observe whether sweat appears from the pores, indicating that the blood vessels are unobstructed and heat has dissipated. The opposite condition is considered adverse.
Ruyi Jinhuang San (如意金黄散): Treats carbuncles, back abscesses, various types of ding sores and swellings, traumatic injuries, toxic accumulation from damp-phlegm, as well as facial swelling, lacquer dermatitis, fire erysipelas, wind-heat vesicles, skin redness and swelling, wet and dry tinea pedis, breast abscess in women, and erysipelas in children. It is effective for all kinds of stubborn and malignant external sores and swellings. It is indeed an excellent and convenient prescription for practitioners of sore diseases.
Ingredients: Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (those with deep color), Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), Jianghuang (Curcumae Longae Rhizoma) (each 5 jin); Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix) (top-grade white ones, 10 jin); Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) (3 jin); Zinongpu (Zicao? Note: Text says Zi Nong Pu, likely a specific variety or typo for Zicao/Cynanchum, kept as is or interpreted as Cynanchum/Akebia based on context, here literal translation used), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Tiannanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma) (each 2 jin).
All ingredients are processed into slices, dried thoroughly, and ground three times using a large donkey mill. The powder is sifted through fine silk gauze and stored in porcelain jars, ensuring no leakage of air. For cases involving redness, swelling, heat, and pain, where fever is present but pus has not yet formed, as well as during summer heat, mix with tea water and honey for topical application. For mild heat and swelling, or large sores that have matured and are about to suppurate, mix with scallion water and honey. For diffuse swelling without a head, unchanged skin color, toxic accumulation from damp-phlegm, osteomyelitis (bone-abscess), or knee-joint deformity (crane-knee wind), decoct with scallion and wine for mixing. For conditions caused by wind-heat toxic pathogens, where the skin is intensely hot, bright red, and the lesion migrates unpredictably, mix with honey water. For vesicles, fire erysipelas, wandering erysipelas, weeping eczema, lacquer dermatitis, or blood toxicity invasion, crush Da Lan Gen Ye (Isatidis Folium/Leaf) and use the juice for mixing; adding honey is also acceptable. For burns or scalds causing broken skin, mix with sesame oil. These different vehicles utilize the principles of cold, heat, warmth, and coolness, depending on the timing and disease progression, ensuring the correct vehicle is chosen.
Erqing San (二青散): Treats all heat-toxin-induced redness, swelling, and yang-toxin pain. It can resolve lesions before suppuration occurs.
Ingredients: Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), Baiji (Bletillae Rhizoma), Bailing (Ampelopsis Radix), Baiwei (Cynomorii Herba? Note: Text says Baiwei, usually Cistanche or Gentiana, here likely referring to a cooling herb like Gentianae Radix or similar, keeping literal), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Baixianpi (Dictamni Cortex), Puxiao (Natrii Sulfas), Shuilogu (Polyporus), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (each 1 liang); Tianhuafen (Trichosanthis Radix) (3 liang); Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (4 liang); Qinglu (Furongye/Hibisci Sabdariffae Folium, 3 liang).
Grind into powder. Mix with vinegar and honey for topical application. If suppuration has occurred, apply around the periphery, leaving the center open, and cover with Tizhen Gao (Needle-Replacing Ointment) to promote drainage.
Huiyang Yulong Gao (回阳玉龙膏): Treats Yin-type back carbuncles, characterized by lack of high swelling, painlessness, absence of fever, and failure to suppurate. Also treats cold-dampness migration, chronic weakness due to wind exposure, cold pain and bi-syndrome, various damp-type tinea pedis, numbness and paralysis of hands and feet, bone and joint pain, and crane-knee wind with diffuse swelling and unchanged skin color. It is effective for any condition lacking red skin or hot muscle, provided there is no heat sign.
Ingredients: Caowu (Aconiti Kusnezoffii Radix) (3 liang, stir-fried), Junjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Preparatum/Ginger) (3 liang, baked), Chishao (Paeoniae Radix Rubra, stir-fried), Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix), Nanxing (Arisaematis Rhizoma, baked) (each 1 liang), Rougui (Cinnamomi Cortex) (5 qian).
After processing, grind into fine powder. Mix with hot wine for topical application. This formula contains Junjiang and Rougui, which warm the blood and generate Yang. Since it generates heat, it might not disperse pathogenic factors alone and could be harmful if stagnant; therefore, Caowu and Nanxing are included to break up evil qi, dispel wind-toxicity, revitalize dead tissue, eliminate bone pain, and dissipate nodules, thereby restoring Yang Qi. Chishao and Baizhi help to disperse stagnant blood and relieve pain. Wine enhances the medicinal properties, promoting the flow of Qi and blood. Even in severe cold syndromes, recovery is assured. It is likened to flames in cold ashes or spring in dead wood. Generally, cold syndromes cause muscle necrosis and loss of sensation. If pain is present, it is often deep-seated bone pain. If the cold root is not eliminated, it penetrates the marrow, rendering ordinary medicines ineffective.
Kangong Dingzi (坎宫锭子): Treats various toxic conditions characterized by redness, heat, swelling, and pain, as well as hemorrhoids.
Ingredients: Jingmo (Lapis Carbonis/Pine Soot Ink) (1 liang), Xiongdan (Ursi Fel) (3 qian), Huhuanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma variant/Berberis), Ercha (Katechu) (each 2 qian), Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) (1 qian), Shexiang (Moschus) (5 fen), Niuhuang (Bovis Calculus) (3 fen).
Grind into powder. Use pig bile as the main binder. Add small amounts of fresh ginger juice, juice extracted from soaking Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma), and strong vinegar. Mix to form ingots. Grind with cold water until liquid like ink, then apply with a brush.
Ligong Dingzi (离宫锭子): Treats all swellings with unchanged skin color, diffuse swelling without a head, including toxic swellings and ding sores.
Ingredients: Jingmo (Lapis Carbonis) (1 liang), Chansu (Toad Venom), Danfan (Alumen), Xuexue (Sanguinis Drachonis) (each 3 qian), Zhusha (Cinnabaris) (2 qian), Shexiang (Moschus) (1 qian 5 fen).
Grind into powder. Form ingots using cold water. Grind with cold water to make ink-like liquid and apply as described above.
Jianghong Gao (绛红膏): Treats all matured toxic swellings; universally effective.
First, illuminate the area with Jiawei Shendeng Nian (Modified Divine Lamp Wick). Then, grind Zhen Yin Zhu (Real Vermilion/Cinnabar) into powder, mix with genuine raw Tung Oil (Verniciae Oleiferae Semen Oil) to form a paste, and apply as a plaster.
Ermei Xiaodu San (二味消毒散): Treats heat boils, prickly heat, acne, scabies, rashes, and wind-damp itchy sores.
Ingredients: Baifan (Alumen) (1 liang), Ming Xionghuang (Real Realgar) (2 qian).
Grind into powder. Dissolve in clear tea water. Apply with a goose feather quill. Itching and pain will cease, and prickly heat will subside.
Tietong Gao (铁桶膏): Treats sores that are about to rupture or have ruptured, where the base is spreading and not contained.
Ingredients: Wenge (Arcae Shell) (lightly fried, 1 liang), Baiji (Bletillae Rhizoma) (5 qian), Tonglv (Chalcanthite/Vitriol), Mingfan (Alumen) (4 qian), Danfan (Alumen) (3 qian), Qingfen (Calomel) (2 qian), Yujin (Curcumae Radix) (2 qian), Shexiang (Moschus) (3 fen).
Grind into powder and store. Take one bowl of aged rice vinegar, boil over gentle fire until reduced to a small cup, until golden-yellow bubbles appear. When warm, add one qian of medicine, stir evenly, and keep warm. Apply with a new brush to the base of the sore, cover with cotton paper. Wrinkles will form, tightening gradually until closed.
Variation 1: Use Shiqing (Azurite) (1 liang), Tonglv (Chalcanthite) (5 qian), Pengsha (Borax) (5 qian), Bailingyao (White Spirit Medicine/likely a proprietary compound) (5 qian).
Grind into powder. Melt Ejiao (Asini Corii Colla) (1 liang) with crushed Black Lead (Plumbum) (3 jin) in four bowls of water, boiling down to half a bowl. Add Ejiao and boil into a paste. Mix with medicine to form ingots weighing two qian. Grind with human milk for application.
Variation 2: Use Tonglv (Chalcanthite) (1 liang), Pengsha (Borax) (1 liang).
Form ingots using the Ejiao paste. Grind with concentrated decoction of Ruxiang (Olibanum/Frankincense) in water. Apply with a new brush. For early-stage lesions, apply in a circle to reduce the spread. For ruptured sores, wash with pepper tea water first. If the wound is healed but the skin is tender, fumigate with burning mugwort.
Machixian Gao (马齿苋膏): Treats back carbuncles and various toxins.
Take a handful of Machixian (Portulacae Herba), decoct in wine or water, and drink cold. Sweating will occur naturally. One dose reduces fever and removes putrid matter; three doses lead to good recovery. Mash the remaining herb and apply topically.
For post-venereal syphilis (Yangmei Chuang) symptoms resembling leprosy throughout the body or hardening of the throat like a tube: Take a handful of Machixian (about the thickness of a bowl), decoct in wine and water, and drink to induce sweating.
For chronic stubborn sores with painful non-healing wounds: Mash Machixian and apply. It extracts worms. Change once daily. After three days, when necrotic tissue is gone and red granulation tissue appears, switch to flesh-regenerating medicine to close the wound.
For ulcers below the navel in women, with pain, itching, discharge, extending to the genitalia: Mix Machixian (4 liang) and Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis) (1 liang), grind uniformly, and apply. For erysipelas, add crushed Isatidis Root (Da Lan Gen).
For tight lips and facial swelling: Apply the crushed juice.
For damp tinea capitis (white ringworm): Stir-fry Duanshi (Calcined Iron Rust) until red, then mix with Machixian juice to make a paste for application.
For thirty-six types of wind sores: Boil Machixian (one shi) in water (two shi) in one pot. Strain, add Huangla (Yellow Beeswax) (3 liang), and boil into a paste. Apply externally and ingest internally.