夫疽则宜灸不宜烙，痈则宜烙不宜灸，丹瘤肿毒宜 渍之，肿皮光软则针开之，以泄其
治疮之手法，迨不过此，而各有所宜。故《圣惠方》论曰∶认是疽疮，便宜灸之一、二百壮
，如绿豆许，大灸后觉似 痛，经一宿，乃是火气下彻，肿内热气被火导之，随火而出，所
以然也，若其疮痒，宜隔豉饼子灸之，其饼须以椒姜盐葱相和，烂捣捏作饼子，浓薄如折三
以来，当疮头豉饼子上灸之。若觉太热则抬起，又安其上饼子若干，更换新者尤佳。若其疮
痛，即须急灸，壮数多为妙。若其脓已成者，慎不可灸，即便针开之，即得瘥也。若诸疮经
久不瘥，变成 者，宜用硫黄灸法灸之。其法∶硫黄一块，可疮口大小安之，别取少许硫黄
，于火上烧，用钗尖挑起，点硫黄令着三五遍，取脓水干差为度。若其发背初生，即宜上饼
灸法灸之。初觉背上有疮疼痒颇异，认是发背，即取净土水和捻作饼子，径一寸，浓二分，
贴着疮上，以艾作炷灸之，一炷一易饼子。其疮粟米大时，可灸五、七炷；其疮如钱许大，
日夜不住灸，以瘥为度。已以数法，并根据本方，一一亲验，所以载之。愚谓疮医自幼至老，
凡所经验，必须写之。尝记疳 恶疮，诸医不验者，取蛴螬，剪去两头，安疮口上，以艾灸
之，七壮一易，不过七枚，无不效者。又法∶用乞火婆虫灸之，同前法，累验之神效，人皆
秘之，往往父子不传。又法∶赤皮蒜捣烂，焊作饼子，一如豆豉饼子灸法灸之，弥佳。
疽（一种深部化脓性感染）适宜用灸法而不适宜用烙法，痈（一种浅表化脓性感染）适宜用烙法而不适宜用灸法，丹瘤肿毒（急性弥漫性红肿热痛性疾病）适宜用水浸泡处理，如果皮肤肿胀光亮柔软则用针刺开以泄出邪气。治疗疮疡的手法，大体不过如此，但各有适宜的适应症。所以《圣惠方》论述说：确认是疽疮，就应当立即施灸一、二百壮，艾炷大小如绿豆，在大面积灸后感觉似乎疼痛，经过一夜，这是因为火气向下渗透，肿块内的热气被火引导，随着火气排出，所以会这样。如果疮口发痒，适宜隔着豆豉饼子灸。这个饼子必须用花椒、生姜、盐、葱混合，捣烂捏成饼状，厚度约三折硬币的厚度，将豆豉饼放在疮头上进行灸治。如果觉得太热就抬起，再在上面安放若干饼子，更换新的更好。如果疮口疼痛，就必须紧急施灸，壮数多些为好。如果脓已经形成，千万不要施灸，应立即针刺开排脓，就能痊愈。如果各种疮疡经久不愈，变成瘘管者，适宜用硫黄灸法灸治。其方法：取一块硫黄，大小与疮口相当放置其上，另取少许硫黄，在火上烧红，用钗尖挑起，点触硫黄使其附着三五次，直到脓水干燥痊愈为止。如果是发背（背部严重的痈疽）初起，就适宜用上述饼子灸法灸治。刚开始觉得背上疮处疼痛瘙痒异常，确认是发背，就取干净的泥土加水调和捏成饼子，直径一寸，厚二分，贴在疮上，用艾绒做成艾炷灸治，一炷换一个饼子。疮如粟米大小时，可灸五、七炷；疮如铜钱大小时，日夜不停施灸，以痊愈为度。以上几种方法，都是根据本方，一一亲自验证过，所以记载下来。我认为外科医生从幼到老，凡是经验过的，必须记录下来。曾经记得治疗疳积恶疮，其他医生无效的案例，取蛴螬（金龟子幼虫），剪去两头，放在疮口上，用艾灸之，每七壮更换一次，不超过七枚，没有无效的。又一种方法：用乞火婆虫灸治，同前法，多次验证神效，人们都秘而不传，往往父子之间也不传授。又一种方法：将赤皮蒜捣烂，焊成饼子，完全像豆豉饼子灸法那样灸治，更加好。
For *ju* (deep-seated suppurative infection), moxibustion is indicated rather than cauterization; for *yong* (superficial suppurative infection), cauterization is indicated rather than moxibustion. For *danliu zhongdu* (acute diffuse red, swollen, hot, and painful condition), soaking in water is appropriate. If the skin is swollen, shiny, and soft, it should be punctured with a needle to drain the pathogenic factors. The techniques for treating sores generally do not exceed these methods, yet each has its specific indications. Therefore, the *Shenghui Fang* states: Once confirmed as a *ju* sore, one should immediately apply moxibustion, 100 to 200 moxa cones, with each cone the size of a mung bean. After extensive moxibustion, if there seems to be pain, after one night, this is because the fire energy penetrates downward, and the heat within the swelling is guided by the fire and expelled with it, which explains why this occurs. If the sore itches, it is appropriate to apply moxibustion through a fermented soybean cake. This cake must be made by mixing Sichuan pepper, ginger, salt, and scallions, pounding them into a paste, and shaping them into cakes, with a thickness equivalent to three folds of a coin. Place the fermented soybean cake on the head of the sore and apply moxibustion. If it feels too hot, lift the cake and place another one on top; replacing it with a fresh one is even better. If the sore is painful, urgent moxibustion is required, and using a larger number of moxa cones is preferable. If pus has already formed, moxibustion must strictly be avoided; instead, puncture it with a needle to drain the pus, and recovery will follow. If various sores fail to heal for a long time and transform into fistulas, sulfur moxibustion is indicated. The method is as follows: Take a piece of sulfur matching the size of the sore and place it on the wound. Take a small amount of sulfur, heat it until red-hot on a fire, pick it up with the tip of a hairpin, and touch it to the sulfur on the wound repeatedly three to five times, continuing until the pus dries up and the condition heals. If a *fabei* (severe carbuncle on the back) first appears, the aforementioned cake moxibustion method should be used. Initially, if one feels unusual pain and itching on the back, confirming it as a *fabei*, take clean earth, mix it with water, and knead it into a cake, one inch in diameter and two fen thick. Place it directly on the sore and apply moxibustion using an moxa cone. Replace the cake with a new one for each moxa cone. When the sore is the size of a millet grain, apply five to seven cones; when the sore is the size of a copper coin, apply moxibustion day and night without stopping, until healed. The above methods are all based on this text and have been personally verified one by one, hence they are recorded. I believe that surgeons, from childhood to old age, must document all their experiences. I once recalled treating severe sores associated with *ganji* (infantile malnutrition/parasitic disease) where other doctors failed. Using *qilao* (larva of scarab beetle), cutting off both ends, placing it on the sore, and applying moxibustion, changing it every seven cones, using no more than seven larvae, proved effective in all cases. Another method: use *qihuopo* insects for moxibustion, following the same procedure. This has been repeatedly verified as miraculous, but people keep it secret, often not passing it down from father to son. Another method: crush red-skinned garlic, form it into a cake, and apply moxibustion exactly as with the fermented soybean cake method, which is even better.