许叔微曰∶妇人天癸已过期，经脉不匀，或三月四月不至，或一月再至，腰腹疼痛。经云七损八益，谓女子
七数尽，而经不根据时者，血有余也，不可止之，但令得根据时，不腰痛为善，宜服当归散。
《产宝百问》曰∶男子生于寅，寅属木，阳中有阴，故男子得八数。女子生于申，申属金，阴中有阳，故
女子得七数。男以气为主，八八则卦数已尽，尽则阳精痿。女以血为主，七七则卦数已终，终则经水绝，冲任
虚衰，天癸绝而地道不通，而无子。或劳伤过度，喜怒不时，经脉衰微之际，又为邪气攻冲，则当止不止而复
下。
李时珍曰∶妇人年过五十，而经行不止者，作败血论。又妇人四十九后，天癸当止不止，每月却行，或过
多，用条芩二两，醋浸七日，炙干，又浸七次，为末，醋丸，空心温酒下，名芩心丸。
慎斋按∶以上三条，序妇人天癸过期，而有经行之病也。一主于有余，一主于邪伤，一主于败血，败血即
属崩漏，当以人之禀赋强弱参之。
《圣济总录》曰∶女人以冲任二经，为经脉之海。手太阳小肠之经，与手少阴心经，此二经相为表里，
主下为月水。若劳伤经脉，则冲任气虚，冲任既虚，则不能制其气血，故令月事来而不断也。
陈良甫曰∶妇人月水不断，淋漓腹痛，或因劳损气血而伤冲任，或因经行而合阴阳，以致外邪客于胞内，
滞于血海故也。若气虚不能摄血，但养元气，病邪自愈。攻其邪，则元气反伤矣。
慎斋按∶以上二条，序妇人月水宜止而不止也。妇人经行，每月一至，如潮之来，故曰月信。若每月既至，
或三日，或四五日即应止。而淋漓不断，非冲任气虚，不能约制，为内伤不足，即劳伤气血，外邪客胞，而外
感有余。有余不足，当参以人之强弱也。
许叔微说：妇女的天癸（指月经）已经过了正常周期，月经不规律，有时三四个月不来，有时一个月来两次，伴有腰部和腹部疼痛。《黄帝内经》提到“七损八益”，意思是女子以七为基数，当这个数尽时，如果月经不能按时来潮，这是血有余的表现，不可以强行止血，只要能让月经恢复按时来潮，且不腰痛就是好的，适宜服用当归散。
《产宝百问》说：男子生于寅年，寅属木，阳中有阴，所以男子以八为基数。女子生于申年，申属金，阴中有阳，所以女子以七为基数。男子以气为主，到了八个八年（六十四岁），卦数已尽，尽了则阳精枯竭。女子以血为主，到了七个七年（四十九岁），卦数已终，终了则经水断绝，冲脉和任脉（主管生殖的经脉）虚衰，天癸枯竭而地道（指阴道或生殖通道）不通，从而无法生育。如果过度劳累损伤，喜怒无常，在经脉衰微的时候，又受到邪气的冲击，那么本该停止的月经就会不止并继续下行。
李时珍说：妇女年过五十，月经仍不停止的，应作为败血（瘀血阻滞）来论治。另外，妇女四十九岁以后，天癸应当停止却未停止，每月仍然行经，或者量过多，可用条芩（黄芩的一种）二两，用醋浸泡七天，炙干，再浸泡七次，研成粉末，用醋制成丸药，空腹时用温酒送服，名为芩心丸。
慎斋按语：以上三条，叙述了妇女天癸过期后出现月经异常的情况。一条主张是血有余，一条主张是邪气损伤，一条主张是败血，败血即属于崩漏（非经期大量出血或淋漓不尽），应当结合人的体质强弱来参详。
《圣济总录》说：女人以冲脉和任脉为经脉之海。手太阳小肠经与手少阴心经，这两经互为表里，主管下部的月经。如果劳伤经脉，导致冲任气虚，冲任既已虚弱，就不能制约气血，所以导致月经来了之后淋漓不断。
陈良甫说：妇女月经淋漓不断，伴随腹痛，可能是因为劳损气血而伤了冲任，也可能是因为经期行房事，导致外邪侵入胞宫（子宫），滞留在血海（指肝脏或冲脉，主藏血）的缘故。如果气虚不能摄血，只需调养元气，病邪自然消除。如果去攻伐邪气，反而会损伤元气。
慎斋按语：以上两条，叙述了妇女月经应当停止却不停止的情况。妇女月经来潮，每月一次，如潮汐般准时，所以称为月信。如果每月如期而至，或三天，或四五天就应当停止。若淋漓不断，不是冲任气虚、不能约束，属于内伤不足；就是劳伤气血，外邪客于胞宫，属于外感有余。对于有余和不足，应当参考人的体质强弱来判断。
Xu Shuwei stated: When a woman's Tian Gui (menstrual essence) has passed its normal cycle and menstruation becomes irregular, occurring either every three or four months or twice a month, accompanied by pain in the waist and abdomen. The *Yellow Emperor's Inner Classic* mentions "Seven Losses and Eight Benefits," meaning that for women, whose life cycle is based on the number seven, if menstruation does not occur on time when this cycle concludes, it indicates an excess of blood. It should not be forcibly stopped; rather, the goal is to restore regular timing without causing backache. The appropriate prescription is Danggui San (Angelica Powder).
*Chanbao Baiwen* (Hundred Questions on Obstetrics) states: Men are born in the Yin year, which belongs to Wood, containing Yin within Yang; thus, men follow the number eight. Women are born in the Shen year, which belongs to Metal, containing Yang within Yin; thus, women follow the number seven. Men prioritize Qi (vital energy); upon reaching eight cycles of eight years (64 years old), their hexagram numbers are exhausted, leading to the withering of Yang essence. Women prioritize Blood; upon reaching seven cycles of seven years (49 years old), their hexagram numbers conclude, leading to the cessation of menstrual water, deficiency of the Chong and Ren meridians (which govern reproduction), exhaustion of Tian Gui, blockage of the Di Dao (reproductive passage), and infertility. If excessive labor causes injury, or if emotions like anger and joy are unregulated, and during the phase of declining meridians, one is attacked by pathogenic factors, then menstruation, which should have ceased, will continue to flow.
Li Shizhen stated: For women over fifty who experience continuous menstruation, it should be treated as Bai Xue (stagnant/decayed blood). Furthermore, after age forty-nine, when Tian Gui should cease but continues monthly, or flows excessively, use Er Liang (two taels) of Tiao Qin (a type of Scutellariae Radix/Huangqin), soaked in vinegar for seven days, dried by roasting, soaked again seven times, ground into powder, formed into pills with vinegar, and taken on an empty stomach with warm wine. This is named Qinxin Wan (Scutellaria Heart Pill).
Shenzhai commented: The above three passages describe menstrual abnormalities occurring after the Tian Gui cycle has expired. One attributes it to blood excess, another to pathogenic injury, and the third to stagnant blood, which falls under Beng Lou (metrorrhagia and metrostaxis). One must consider the individual's constitutional strength.
*Shengji Zonglu* (General Records of the Holy Empire) states: In women, the Chong and Ren meridians serve as the sea of the twelve meridians. The Hand-Taiyang Small Intestine Meridian and the Hand-Shaoyin Heart Meridian are exterior-interior pairs that govern lower menstrual flow. If labor injures the meridians, causing Qi deficiency in the Chong and Ren, these meridians become too weak to control Qi and Blood, resulting in continuous menstrual bleeding.
Chen Liangfu stated: Continuous, dripping menstruation accompanied by abdominal pain may result from labor damaging Qi and Blood and injuring the Chong and Ren meridians, or from sexual intercourse during menstruation, allowing external pathogens to invade the Bao Gong (uterus) and stagnate in the Xue Hai (Sea of Blood). If Qi deficiency fails to hold the blood, one should only nourish the Yuan Qi (original Qi), and the pathogen will resolve itself. Attacking the pathogen directly would instead damage the Yuan Qi.
Shenzhai commented: The above two passages describe menstruation that should cease but does not. Menstruation occurs once a month, like the tide, hence called Yue Xin (monthly trust/cycle). Once it arrives each month, it should stop after three to five days. If it drips continuously, it is either due to Chong and Ren Qi deficiency failing to restrain flow (internal deficiency/injury) or due to labor damaging Qi and Blood with external pathogens invading the uterus (external excess). One must assess whether it is excess or deficiency based on the person's physical strength.