戴复庵曰∶恶阻者，妇人有孕，恶心，阻其饮食是也。胎前恶阻，见食呕吐，喜酸物，多卧少起，俗名病
鬼。盖其人宿有痰饮，血壅遏而不行，故饮随气上，停滞肝经。肝之味酸，则必喜啖酸物，金克木，以辛胜之，小
半夏茯苓汤或二陈汤。
《金匮要略》曰∶妊娠吐呕不止，干姜人参半夏丸主之。
徐忠可曰∶诸呕吐酸，皆属于火。此言胃气不清，暂作呕吐也。若妊娠呕吐不止，则因寒而吐，上出为呕，
不止则虚矣。故以半夏治呕，干姜治寒，人参补虚，而以生姜糊、半夏，以下其所逆之气。
《大全》曰∶妇人经候不调，或不行，身无病似病，脉滑大，而六脉俱匀，是孕妇脉也。精神如故，恶闻
食气，或但嗜一物，或大吐，或时吐清水，此名恶阻，勿作寒病治之，宜服人参、白术、甘草、香附、乌药、
丁香、生姜、橘红，保生汤。
按∶妊娠呕吐，《金匮》主于寒，《大全》论勿作寒治，是矣。其用药则多辛热，何也？
罗太无曰∶有孕妇三月，呕吐痰并饮食，每寅卯时作，作时觉少腹有气上冲，然后膈满而吐，此肝脉挟冲
脉之火冲上也。用沉香磨水化抱龙丸，一服膈宽，气不上，吐止。
朱丹溪曰∶有妊二月，呕吐眩晕，脉之左弦而弱，此恶阻。因怒气所激，肝气伤，又挟胎气上逆，参、术
补之，大非所宜，以茯苓半夏汤下抑青丸。
戴复庵说：恶阻，是指妇女怀孕后，出现恶心、阻碍饮食的情况。妊娠期间的恶阻，表现为看见食物就呕吐，喜欢吃酸味食物，喜欢躺着而很少起身，俗称“病胎”。这是因为患者体内原本就有痰饮，血液壅滞运行不畅，所以痰饮随着气机上逆，停滞在肝经。肝对应的味道是酸，所以必然喜欢吃酸物；根据五行中金克木的原理，用辛味来克制它，可以使用小半夏茯苓汤或二陈汤。
《金匮要略》说：妊娠期间呕吐不止，应当用干姜人参半夏丸主治。
徐忠可说：各种呕吐泛酸，都属于火证。这里说的是胃气不清爽，暂时发生呕吐。如果是妊娠期间呕吐不止，则是由于寒邪导致的呕吐，向上吐出为呕，如果不停止就会造成虚损。所以用半夏治疗呕吐，干姜治疗寒邪，人参补益虚损，并用生姜汁和半夏制成糊状，以降逆上冲之气。
《妇人大全良方》说：妇人月经不调，或者闭经，身体没有明显疾病但感觉像有病，脉象滑大，且六部脉象均匀，这是孕妇的脉象。精神状态如常，厌恶食物的气味，或者只偏嗜某一种食物，或者剧烈呕吐，或者时常吐出清水，这名叫恶阻，不要当作寒病来治疗，适宜服用人参、白术、甘草、香附、乌药、丁香、生姜、橘红组成的保生汤。
按语：对于妊娠呕吐，《金匮要略》主张从寒论治，《大全》论述说不当作寒病治疗，这两种观点都是正确的。但是用药大多辛热，为什么呢？
罗太无说：有一位怀孕三个月的孕妇，呕吐痰液和饮食，每当天刚亮（寅卯时）发作，发作时觉得小腹有气向上冲，然后胸膈胀满而呕吐，这是肝脉挟带冲脉之火上冲所致。使用沉香磨水化开抱龙丸服用一次后，胸膈宽舒，气不上冲，呕吐停止。
朱丹溪说：有一位怀孕两个月的孕妇，呕吐并伴有眩晕，诊其脉象左手弦而弱，这是恶阻。因为怒气激发，损伤了肝气，又挟带胎气上逆，此时若用人参、白术补益，非常不适宜，应该用茯苓半夏汤送服抑青丸。
Dai Fu'an stated: Ezu (morning sickness, literally "obstruction of pregnancy") refers to the condition where a pregnant woman experiences nausea and an obstruction to food intake. During pregnancy, Ezu manifests as vomiting upon seeing food, a preference for sour foods, a tendency to lie down more than get up, and is colloquially known as "disease fetus." This occurs because the individual previously had phlegm-fluid retention, and blood stasis obstructed its normal circulation; thus, fluids ascend with Qi and stagnate in the Liver Meridian. The flavor associated with the Liver is sour, hence there is a strong desire for sour foods. According to the Five Elements theory where Metal overcomes Wood, pungent flavors are used to counteract this. Xiao Banxia Fuling Tang (Minor Pinellia and Poria Decoction) or Erchen Tang (Two-Aged Decoction) may be employed.
The *Jingui Yaolue* (Essential Prescriptions from the Golden Cabinet) states: For persistent vomiting during pregnancy, Ganjiang Renshen Banxia Wan (Dry Ginger, Ginseng, and Pinellia Pill) is the primary treatment.
Xu Zhongke commented: Various types of vomiting and acid regurgitation belong to Fire syndromes. This statement refers to unclear Stomach Qi causing temporary vomiting. However, if vomiting persists during pregnancy, it is due to Cold causing the expulsion of contents upward (ou). If it does not cease, it leads to Deficiency. Therefore, Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma) is used to treat vomiting, Ganjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma) to treat Cold, and Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) to tonify Deficiency, while using Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens) paste mixed with Banxia to direct rebellious Qi downward.
The *Daquan Yishu* (Great Compendium of Medicine) states: When a woman’s menstruation is irregular or absent, and although she feels ill-like without obvious disease, her pulse is slippery and large, with all six positions uniform, this indicates pregnancy. Her spirit remains unchanged, but she dislikes the smell of food, craves only one specific item, vomits severely, or occasionally spits clear fluid. This is named Ezu. It should not be treated as a Cold syndrome. One should administer Baosheng Tang (Preserve Life Decoction), composed of Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma), Wuyao (Linderae Radix), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and Juhong (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium Rubrum).
Note: Regarding vomiting in pregnancy, the *Jingui* advocates treating it as Cold, while the *Daquan* advises against treating it as Cold; both perspectives are valid. However, why are the medications mostly acrid and hot?
Luo Taiwu stated: A pregnant woman at three months experienced vomiting of phlegm and food, occurring specifically during the Yin and Mao hours (5:00–7:00 AM). At onset, she felt Qi rushing upward from the lower abdomen, followed by chest fullness and vomiting. This was caused by the Liver Pulse carrying the fire of the Chong Mai (Penetrating Vessel) rushing upward. Using Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum) ground in water to dissolve Baolong Wan (Embracing Dragon Pill), after one dose, the chest became comfortable, the Qi ceased rushing upward, and vomiting stopped.
Zhu Danxi stated: A pregnant woman at two months experienced vomiting accompanied by dizziness. Her pulse was wiry and weak on the left side, indicating Ezu. This resulted from anger stimulating and injuring Liver Qi, which then carried fetal Qi upward in rebellion. In such cases, tonifying with Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma) and Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) is highly inappropriate. Instead, Yi Qing Wan (Suppress Blue Pill) should be administered using Fuling Banxia Tang (Poria and Pinellia Decoction) as a vehicle.