巢元方曰∶八瘕者，皆胞胎生产，月水往来，血脉精气不调所生也。肾为阴，主开闭，左为胞门，右为子
户，主月水、生子之道。胞门子户，主精血神气出入，合于中黄玉门四边，主持关元，禁闭子精。脐下三寸，
名曰关元，主藏魂魄。妇人之胞，三焦之府，常所从止。若妇人经脉俞络合调，月水以时来至，能生子而无病。
如经络荣卫继绝不通，邪气便得往来，入合于脏。若生血未尽而合阴阳，即令血脉挛急，小腹重急，支满胸胁，
四肢酸痛，饮食不调，结牢恶血不除，月水不时，因生积聚，如怀胎状，阴中肿，内生风，小便不利，若痛如
淋状，久不复生子。
慎斋按∶《巢氏病源》论妇人八瘕，不外新产、月水之后，感寒湿风冷，凝泣血脉，留滞经络，闭塞隧道
而成也。乃强分黄瘕、青瘕、燥瘕、血瘕、脂瘕、狐瘕、蛇瘕、鳖瘕之名，以惑世诬名，宜其为张戴人所斥也。
夫瘕者假也，不过假人身之气血，加以食积痰饮，胶结成形。《内经》止有石瘕，生于胞中一证，何尝有为黄
为青之名色耶？既有八瘕之证，医者亦难辨其是狐是蛇是鳖也，因删之。《妇人良方》中，但存八瘕之名，而
不载条目，最有见。
《妇人良方》曰∶妇人脏腑调和，经脉循环，月水以时，故能生子无病。若乘外邪而合阴阳，则小腹胸胁
腰背，相引而痛，月事不调，阴中肿胀，小便淋沥而色黄黑，则瘕生矣。八瘕者，黄、青、燥、血、脂、狐、
蛇、鳖是也，《千金》、《外台》，言之详矣。
薛立斋按∶经云气主煦之，血主濡之。若血不流，则凝而为瘕。瘕者，中虽硬而忽聚忽散。多因六淫七情，
饮食起居，动伤脏腑而成，当与 癖诸证治同，慎不可复伤元气。
巢元方说：八瘕（女性下腹部结块性疾病），都是由于胞胎孕育、分娩生产，以及月经来去过程中，血脉与精气不调和所导致的。肾属阴，主管开闭功能，左侧称为胞门，右侧称为子户，主管月经和生育的通道。胞门和子户，主管精血和神气的出入，与中黄玉门四周相合，主持关元穴，禁闭子精。脐下三寸处，名为关元，主管藏纳魂魄。妇女的子宫，是三焦的府库，是气血常行止之处。如果妇女的经脉和俞络调和，月经按时来潮，就能顺利生育而无疾病。如果经络中的营气和卫气相继断绝不通，邪气便能往来侵入，进入并合于脏腑。如果在生血未尽时进行房事，就会使血脉拘挛紧急，小腹沉重急迫，胸胁部胀满支撑感，四肢酸痛，饮食失调，瘀血结聚不散，月经不定时，从而产生积聚，像怀孕一样，外阴肿胀，体内生风，小便不利，疼痛如同淋证，长久以后便不能再生育。
慎斋按语：《巢氏病源》论述妇女八瘕，不外乎是新产后或月经后，感受寒湿风冷，导致血脉凝滞涩痛，留滞在经络中，闭塞隧道而形成的。这是强行区分黄瘕、青瘕、燥瘕、血瘕、脂瘕、狐瘕、蛇瘕、鳖瘕的名称，用来迷惑世人、歪曲事实，难怪被张戴人斥责。所谓“瘕”，意思是假象，不过是假借人身的气血，加上食积痰饮，胶结而成形。《内经》中只有石瘕，生于胞中的一个证候，何曾有黄色、青色的名称呢？既然有八瘕这种说法，医生也难以辨别究竟是狐、蛇还是鳖，因此将其删除。《妇人良方》中，只保留了八瘕的名称，而不记载具体条目，最有见识。
《妇人良方》说：妇女脏腑调和，经脉循环通畅，月经按时来潮，所以能顺利生育而无疾病。如果乘虚感受外邪而行房事，就会导致小腹、胸胁、腰背相互牵引疼痛，月经不调，外阴肿胀，小便淋漓且颜色黄黑，那么瘕就形成了。八瘕，是指黄、青、燥、血、脂、狐、蛇、鳖这八种，《千金方》、《外台秘要》，对此论述得很详细。
薛立斋按语：经书说气主温煦身体，血主濡养身体。如果血液不流动，就会凝结而形成瘕。瘕的特点是，中间虽然坚硬，但有时聚集有时消散。多因六淫（风、寒、暑、湿、燥、火）七情（喜、怒、忧、思、悲、恐、惊），以及饮食起居不当，动伤脏腑而形成的，应当与癖积等证候的治疗相同，切不可再损伤元气。
Chao Yuanfang stated: The "Eight Leiomas" (masses in the lower abdomen of women) are all caused by the imbalance of blood vessels and essence-qi during conception, childbirth, and menstruation. The Kidney is Yin and governs opening and closing; the left side is called the "Gate of the Womb" (Baomen), and the right side is called the "House of the Child" (Zihu), which govern the pathways for menstruation and reproduction. Baomen and Zihu govern the entry and exit of essence, blood, and divine qi, connecting with the four sides of the central yellow jade gate, overseeing the Guanyuan point, and sealing off sperm. Three cun below the umbilicus is named Guanyuan, which governs the storage of Hun and Po souls. The woman's uterus is the mansion of the Sanjiao (Triple Burner) and is where Qi and Blood commonly stop and flow. If a woman's meridians and Shu points are harmonious, and menstruation arrives on time, she can bear children without illness. However, if the Ying (Nutrient) and Wei (Defensive) Qi in the meridians become severed and blocked, pathogenic factors can invade and combine with the Zang organs. If intercourse occurs while blood generation is incomplete, it causes blood vessels to spasm and tighten, resulting in heaviness and urgency in the lower abdomen, distension and fullness in the chest and hypochondrium, soreness and pain in the four limbs, irregular diet, accumulation of stubborn bad blood that is not eliminated, irregular menstruation, leading to the formation of accumulations that resemble pregnancy, swelling of the vagina, internal wind generation, difficult urination, and pain resembling strangury (Lin syndrome). Over time, this prevents further reproduction.
Shen Zhai commented: The *Chao Shi Bing Yuan* discusses the Eight Leiomas in women, attributing them primarily to contracting cold-dampness or wind-cold after childbirth or menstruation, causing blood vessels to coagulate and stagnate, remaining in the meridians and blocking the tunnels. This arbitrary distinction into names such as Yellow Leioma, Green Leioma, Dry Leioma, Blood Leioma, Fat Leioma, Fox Leioma, Snake Leioma, and Turtle Leioma serves only to confuse the world and distort facts, which explains why Zhang Dairen criticized it. The term "Leioma" implies something false or illusory; it is merely formed by the adhesion of food retention and phlegm-fluids to the body's Qi and Blood. The *Neijing* mentions only one case of Stone Leioma arising in the Baozhong (uterus); where did the names for yellow and green come from? Since there are these eight types of Leiomas, physicians would find it difficult to distinguish whether they are fox, snake, or turtle, so I have deleted them. The *Furen Liangfang* retains only the names of the Eight Leiomas without listing specific entries, which shows great insight.
The *Furen Liangfang* states: When a woman's Zang-Fu organs are harmonious and her meridians circulate smoothly, allowing menstruation to arrive on time, she can bear children without illness. If she engages in intercourse while vulnerable to external pathogens, it leads to pulling pain in the lower abdomen, chest, hypochondrium, waist, and back, irregular menstruation, swelling of the vagina, and dribbling urine that is yellow-black in color; thus, Leiomas arise. The Eight Leiomas refer to Yellow, Green, Dry, Blood, Fat, Fox, Snake, and Turtle, which are discussed in detail in the *Qianjin Fang* and *Waitai Miyao*.
Xue Lizhai commented: The classics state that Qi provides warmth, and Blood provides nourishment. If Blood does not flow, it coagulates to form Leiomas. A Leioma is characterized by hardness in the center but with a tendency to gather and disperse intermittently. It is mostly caused by the Six Evils (Wind, Cold, Summerheat, Dampness, Dryness, Fire) and Seven Emotions (Joy, Anger, Worry, Thought, Sorrow, Fear, Fright), as well as improper diet and daily habits, which injure the Zang-Fu organs. Its treatment should be similar to that of Pi Ji (accumulations and masses), and one must strictly avoid damaging the Original Qi (Yuan Qi).