犯禁忌而病复,禁忌者,非惟人神所在也,谓大饥大渴,大寒大热,大饱大醉,
大虚
大竭,大劳大困,皆为针家之禁忌。若虚实不分,浅深不及,犯触人神,颠倒四时,其病愈
而必复,切须诫之诫之。
用日衰而难已。本论云∶病于当日之下,灸五行之刑制者,其病克而难愈也。谓
心病
遇庚日,肝病遇辛日,脾病遇乙日,肺病遇丁日,肾病遇己日,小肠病遇壬日,大肠病遇丙
日,胃遇甲日,胆遇庚日,膀胱遇戊日,斯皆率义正气日下受制而气衰,刺病难愈故也
。
孙络在于肉分,血行出于支里。孙络,小络也,谓络之支别也。行于分肉之间,
有血留止,刺而去之,无问脉之所会。
闷昏针运,经虚补络须然;本论云∶若学人深明气血往来,取穴部分不差,补泻
得宜
,必无针晕昏倒之疾;或忽忙之际,畏刺之人,多针则伤,壮者气行自己,怯者当速救疗。
因触犯禁忌而导致疾病复发。所谓禁忌,不仅指避开“人神”(人体气血随日时流转而汇聚的特定部位)所在之处,还包括大饥、大渴、大寒、大热、大饱、大醉、极度虚弱、极度衰竭、过度劳累和极度困倦等情况,这些都是针灸治疗的禁忌证。如果虚实辨证不分,针刺深浅不当,触犯人神所在,或违背四时阴阳规律,即使病情暂时好转也必然复发,务必反复告诫自己。
随着时日推移,病情衰退却难以痊愈。本经论述说:如果在当日地支相刑的日子进行艾灸治疗五行相克制的病症,疾病会被克制而难以痊愈。具体而言,心病遇庚日,肝病遇辛日,脾病遇乙日,肺病遇丁日,肾病遇己日,小肠病遇壬日,大肠病遇丙日,胃病遇甲日,胆病遇庚日,膀胱病遇戊日,这些情况都是因为正气在相应的日子受到克制而气衰,所以刺之难愈。
孙络位于肌肉间隙,血液运行出于分支脉络。孙络即细小的络脉,是络脉的分支部分。它们行于分肉之间,若有血液滞留其中,即可针刺将其排出,无需询问经脉交会之处。
若出现胸闷昏晕、针刺后头晕的情况,是因为经络虚弱,应当采用补法调理络脉;本经论述说:如果学习者能深刻理解气血往来的规律,取穴定位准确无误,补泻手法得当,就绝不会发生针晕昏倒的病症;或者在匆忙之际,对于畏惧针刺的人,若多针施治则易造成损伤,体质壮实者气血可自行恢复,而体质怯弱者则应当迅速进行救治。
Diseases may recur due to violating contraindications. The so-called contraindications refer not only to avoiding the location of *Ren Shen* (Human Spirit, specific areas where Qi and Blood gather according to time cycles) but also include conditions such as extreme hunger, extreme thirst, extreme cold, extreme heat, overeating, drunkenness, severe deficiency, exhaustion, excessive labor, and extreme fatigue; all these are contraindications for acupuncture practitioners. If deficiency and excess are not distinguished, if needle insertion depth is inappropriate, if the *Ren Shen* locations are violated, or if the laws of the Four Seasons are disregarded, even if the disease appears cured, it will inevitably recur. This must be strictly cautioned against.
As days pass, the disease may decline but remain difficult to cure. The treatise states: "If moxibustion is applied on a day corresponding to the Five Elements' punitive relationship with the disease's organ, the disease will be suppressed and difficult to heal." Specifically, heart disease encountering Geng days, liver disease encountering Xin days, spleen disease encountering Yi days, lung disease encountering Ding days, kidney disease encountering Ji days, small intestine disease encountering Ren days, large intestine disease encountering Bing days, stomach disease encountering Jia days, gallbladder disease encountering Geng days, and bladder disease encountering Wu days. In all these cases, the healthy Qi is constrained on its corresponding days, leading to Qi decline, making needling ineffective for curing the disease.
*Sun Luo* (Fine Collaterals) are located in the muscle spaces, with blood flow emerging from branch vessels. *Sun Luo* refers to fine collaterals, which are the branches of the main collaterals. They run between the muscles. If blood stagnates there, it can be pricked to release it, regardless of the meridian intersection points.
Chest tightness, fainting, or dizziness after needling indicates deficiency of the meridians, requiring tonification of the collaterals; the treatise states: "If students thoroughly understand the circulation of Qi and Blood, select acupoints accurately without error, and apply tonifying and reducing methods appropriately, they will never encounter adverse reactions like needle-induced syncope or fainting." However, in hurried situations, for patients who fear needling, excessive needles may cause injury. Those with robust constitution will recover spontaneously as Qi circulates, while those with weak constitution require immediate rescue treatment.