诸暴强直支痛。 戾里急筋缩。皆属于风。厥阴风木。乃肝胆之气也。
暴。卒也。强直。坚劲也。支痛。支。持也。谓坚固支持。筋挛不柔而痛也。 。缩也
戾
乖戾也。谓筋缩里急。乖戾失常而病也。然燥金主于紧敛。短缩劲切。风木为病。反见燥
金之化者。由亢则害。承乃制也。况风能胜湿而为燥也。风病热甚而成筋 者。燥之甚也。
故甚者皆兼于燥也。
诸病喘呕吐酸。暴注下迫。转筋。小便混浊。腹胀大鼓之如鼓。痈疽疡疹。瘤气结核。
吐下
霍乱。瞀郁肿胀。鼻窒鼽衄。血溢血泄。淋闭。身热恶寒战栗。惊惑悲笑。谵妄。衄 血汗
皆属于热。少阴君火主之。乃真心小肠之气也。
喘。火气甚而为夏热。衰为冬寒。故病寒则气衰而息微。病热则气盛而息粗而为喘也。
呕。
胃膈热甚则为呕。火气炎上之象也。吐酸者。肝木之味也。由火盛制金。不能平木。而肝木
自甚。故为酸也。如饮食热则易于酸矣。或言吐酸为寒者误也。且如酒之味苦而辛热。能养
心火。故饮之则令人色赤气粗。脉洪大而数。语涩谵妄。歌唱悲笑。喜怒如狂。冒昧健忘。
烦渴呕吐。皆热症也。其吐必酸。为热明矣。况热则五味皆浓。经曰。在地为化。化生五味
故五味热食。则味皆浓也。是以肝热则口酸。心热则口苦。脾热则口甘。肺热则口辛。肾
热则口咸。或口淡者胃热也。胃属土。土为万物之母。胃为五脏之本。故伤生冷坚硬之物。
则令人噫醋吞酸。犹寒伤皮毛。能令阳气壅滞而为病热也。俗医妄以为冷。主温和脾胃而复
愈
者。犹伤寒用麻黄桂枝药发表。令汗出而愈也。若久吐酸不已。则不宜温之。当用寒药以下
之。后以凉药调之。所以中酸而不宜食油腻之物者。皆因能令气之壅塞也。暴注。卒泻也。
肠胃热甚。而传化失常。火性疾速故也。下迫。里急后重也。火能燥物。能令下焦急迫也。
转筋。热燥于筋而筋转也。或言转筋为寒者误也。所谓转者动也。阳动阴静。热症明矣。霍
乱吐泻之人。必有转筋之症。大法吐泻烦渴为热。不渴为寒。霍乱转筋而不渴者。未之有也
或曰。以温汤渍之则愈。以冷水沃之则剧。何也。盖温汤能令腠理开发。热气消散。转筋
即止。冷水能令腠理闭密。热气郁塞。转筋不止。世俗见温汤渍之而愈。妄疑为寒也。小便
混浊。天气寒则水清洁。天气热则水混浊。如清水为汤。则自混浊也。腹胀大鼓之如鼓。气
为阳。热甚则气盛。故腹胀满也。痈。浅而大也。经曰。热盛血则为痈脓也。疽。深而恶也
疡。有头小疮也。疹。浮小隐疹也。瘤气。赤瘤丹 。热胜气也。结核。热气郁结坚硬。
如果中核也。不必溃发。但令热气散。自然消也。吐下霍乱。三焦为水谷传化之道路。热气
甚则传化失常。而吐泻霍乱也。或言吐泻为寒者误矣。大法吐泻烦渴为热。不渴为寒。或热
吐泻初得之。亦有不渴者。若止则亡液而后必渴。或寒不渴。若亡津液过多。则亦燥而渴也
大抵完谷不化而色白。吐利腥秽。澄澈清冷。小便清白不涩。身凉不渴。脉沉细而迟者。
寒症也。如小儿病热吐利。乳未消而色尚白。不可便言为寒。当以饮食药物之色别之。若谷
虽不化。而色变非白。小便赤黄。吐利烦渴。脉洪大而数者。热症也。盖泻白为寒。余皆为
热。泻白者。肺金之色也。由寒水甚而制火。不能平金。肺金自甚。故色白也。泻青者。肝
木之色。也由火盛制。金不能平木。肝木自甚。故色青也。如伤寒少阴下利清水。色纯青
仲景以大承气汤下之。为热明矣。泻黄者。脾土之色也。由火甚水衰。脾土自旺。故色黄也
泻红者。心火之色也。泻黑者。肾水之色也。由亢则害。承乃制。火热过极。反兼水化制
之。故色黑也。下痢色黑者即死。又如疮疖皆属火热。其本一也。其标则有五焉。以其在皮
肤之分。属肺金。故出白脓。以其在血脉之分。属心火。故为血疖。以其在肌肉之分。属脾
土。故出黄脓。以其在筋之分。属肝木。故其脓见苍色。深至骨。属肾水。故紫黑血也。若
以下痢黑者为寒。然则疮疖之出紫黑血者。亦为冷欤。又如赤痢。本湿热之相兼也。举世皆
言赤痢为热。白痢为寒者。误之久矣。殊不知阴阳之道。犹权衡也。一高则必一下。一盛则
必一衰。故阳盛者阴必衰。阴盛者阳必衰。自然之理也。岂有阴阳二气。俱盛于肠胃。而同
为赤白之痢乎。夫痢何也。盖因六七月之交。世之谷肉果菜。饮啖无度。湿热大甚。人受之
感其毒瓦斯于肠胃之间。而为下脓血赤白也。治痢之法。当以苦寒之药治之。如宋朝钱仲阳
处香连丸以治小儿之痢。深得玄理。木香苦温。黄连苦寒。苦能燥湿。寒能胜热。温能开
发肠胃之郁结。愈痢多矣。今世俗医。但以辛热姜桂之药。以治诸痢。病之微者。能令肠胃
开通。郁结消散。偶或一愈。病之甚者。怫热不开。痢疾转甚。轻则为小溲不通水肿之疾。
重则为瞀乱之病而死矣。深可叹哉。又如妇人赤白带下之病。同乎痢也。盖人有十二正经脉
有奇经八脉。带脉者。奇经之一也。起于季胁。回身一周。如束带然。妇人下焦湿热太甚
津液涌溢。从带脉淋沥而下也。举世皆言白带为寒者。亦误矣。凡病此者。必头目昏眩。
口苦舌干。咽嗌不利。小便赤涩。大便闭滞。脉实而数。皆热症也。治带下之法。亦以辛苦
寒药为主。不可骤用燥药及热药。以损人生命也。又如酒蛊而大便濡泻者。亦中湿热也。
或水肿。或发黄。皆湿热也。呜呼。人即有形。不能无病。有生不能无死。然医者但当按法
治之。若标本不明。阴阳不审。误投汤药。实实虚虚而死者。是谁之过欤。故曰。世无良医
枉死者半。诚不诬矣。瞀。神昏而气浊也。郁。热极则腠理郁结。而气道不通也。肿胀。
阳热太甚。则肿满 胀也。如六月庶物隆盛。肿胀之象。明可见矣。鼻窒。谓鼻塞也。伤风
寒于腠理。而为鼻窒。寒能收敛。阳气不通畅也。人侧卧。则下窍通利。上窍反塞者。谓阳
之经。左右相交于鼻也。鼽。鼻出清涕也。衄。鼻出血也。血溢。血出于上窍也。血泄。血
出于下窍也。淋。热客膀胱。小便涩痛也。或曰小便涩而不通为热。遗溲不禁为冷。岂知热
甚客于肾部。干于足厥阴之经。廷孔郁结极甚。气液不能宣通。故痿痹神无所用。津液渗入
膀胱而为溲也。如伤寒少阴热极则遗溲。其理明矣。世传众方。又有冷淋之说。可笑也已。
及观其所治之方。还用榆皮、瞿麦苦寒之药。其说虽妄。其方乃是。由不知造化变通之理。
宜乎认是而作非也。学不明而欲为医。难矣哉。闭。大便涩滞也。由火盛制金。不能平木。
肝木生风。风能胜湿。湿能耗液故也。身热恶寒。邪热在表而反恶寒也。故仲景治伤寒之法
以麻黄汤汗之。或曰寒在皮肤。则热在骨髓。热在皮肤。则寒在骨髓。此说非也。战栗。
谓火热过极。反兼水化制之。故战栗而动摇也。伤寒日深。大汗欲出。必先战栗。热极故也
人恐惧而战栗者。恐则伤肾。水衰故也。惊。心卒动而不宁也。惑。疑惑而志不一也。
悲
谓心血热甚。则凌肺金。金不受制。故发悲哭也。悲哭而涕泪俱出者。如火炼金。反化为
水也。是以肝热盛则出泣。心热盛则出汗。脾热盛则出涎。肺热盛则出涕。肾热盛则出唾。
犹夏热太盛。则林木流津也。笑。心火热甚。喜志发也。或以轻手扰人胁肋 腋。令痒而笑
者。扰乱动摇。火之化也。谵。多言也。心热神乱。则语言妄出也。妄。狂妄也。心热神昏
则目有所见也。衄 血汗。谓鼻出黑血也。
凡是突然发生的肢体强直、四肢疼痛，以及筋脉拘急、收缩痉挛等病症，都属于风邪致病。厥阴风木对应的是肝胆之气。
“暴”，指突然。“强直”，指身体僵硬劲急。“支痛”，“支”意为支撑，指筋骨坚固支持而出现的挛缩不柔且疼痛的症状。“戾”，乖张反常之意，指筋脉收缩、腹部拘急，导致功能失常而发病。然而，燥金主司紧收敛缩，表现为短缩劲切。风木为病，反而出现燥金的化象，这是因为“亢则害，承乃制”的道理。况且风能胜湿从而致燥。风病若热势严重而导致筋脉拘挛，这是燥气极盛的表现。所以严重的病症往往兼夹燥邪。
凡是各种气喘、呕吐、吐酸水，突然的急性腹泻伴肛门坠胀感，转筋（小腿抽筋），小便浑浊，腹部胀大叩之如鼓，痈疽疮疡皮疹，肿瘤瘰疬结核，霍乱吐泻，神志昏蒙郁结肿胀，鼻塞流涕或鼻出血，血液溢出或泄出，淋证闭癃，身体发热恶寒战栗，惊恐迷惑、悲伤嬉笑，胡言乱语神志狂妄，鼻衄及汗血等症状，都属于热邪致病，由少阴君火所主，对应真心和小肠之气。
“喘”，是火气过盛所致。火气旺盛则为夏季的热，衰弱则为冬季的寒。所以患寒病时气机衰弱而呼吸微弱，患热病时气机盛实而呼吸粗重并发生气喘。
“呕”，是胃膈部位热势过盛所致，这是火性炎上的表现。
“吐酸”，酸味属肝木。由于火气过盛克制肺金，导致肺金不能平抑肝木，从而使肝木之气自盛，因此出现酸味。就像食物受热后容易变酸一样。有人说吐酸属于寒证，这是错误的。例如酒的味道苦而性辛热，能助长心火，所以饮酒后会让人面色红润、气息粗重、脉搏洪大而数、言语涩滞甚至胡言乱语、唱歌哭泣嬉笑、喜怒如同发狂、头目昏沉健忘、烦躁口渴呕吐，这些都是热症的表现。其呕吐物必带酸味，这清楚地表明是热证。况且热能使五味变得浓烈，《内经》说：“在地为化，化生五味。”所以五味的热食，味道都会浓烈。因此，肝热则口酸，心热则口苦，脾热则口甘，肺热则口辛，肾热则口咸。口淡则是胃热的表现。胃属土，土为万物之母，胃是五脏的根本。如果损伤了生冷坚硬的食物，会导致嗳气吞酸，这就像寒邪伤及皮毛，能使阳气壅滞而化为热病一样。世俗医生错误地认为是冷证，主张用温和脾胃的药物治愈，这就像治疗伤寒时用麻黄、桂枝等药发汗解表一样。如果长期吐酸不止，就不宜温补，应当用寒凉药物攻下，随后用清凉药物调理。之所以患此病不宜吃油腻食物，是因为油腻会使气机壅塞。
“暴注”，指突然的腹泻。这是由于肠胃热势过盛，传化功能失常，因为火性疾速的缘故。
“下迫”，指里急后重。火能燥物，能使下部焦急紧迫。
“转筋”，是热邪使筋脉干燥而发生转动抽搐。有人说转筋属于寒证，这是错误的。所谓“转”即动，阳主动阴主静，这显然是热证。霍乱吐泻的病人，必然伴有转筋的症状。一般规律是：吐泻伴烦渴为热证，不渴为寒证。霍乱转筋而不渴的情况，从未有过。
有人说：“用温水浸泡患处就会痊愈，用冷水浇洗病情会加重，为什么呢？”这是因为温水能使腠理开发，热气消散，转筋随即停止；冷水能使腠理闭合，热气郁结阻塞，转筋不止。世俗之人见到温水浸泡后痊愈，就错误地怀疑是寒证。
“小便混浊”，天气寒冷时水清澈，天气炎热时水混浊，就像清水加热变成汤，自然就会混浊。
“腹胀大，鼓之如鼓”，气属阳，热势过盛则气机盛实，所以腹部胀满。
“痈”，指浅表而范围大的脓肿。《内经》说：“热盛则血肉腐败化为痈脓。”
“疽”，指深部而性质恶劣的脓肿。
“疡”，指有头的微小疮口。
“疹”，指浮起的小隐疹。
“瘤气”，指红色的肿瘤丹毒，是热胜气的表现。
“结核”，是热气郁结形成的坚硬肿块，像果核一样。不需要溃破发散，只要让热气散开，自然会消退。
“吐下霍乱”，三焦是水谷传化的道路。热气过盛则传化失常，导致吐泻霍乱。有人说吐泻属于寒证，这是错误的。一般规律是：吐泻伴烦渴为热证，不渴为寒证。或者热性吐泻初起时，也可能暂时不渴，但如果停止下来，因津液亡失之后必然会口渴。如果是寒证不渴，但如果津液亡失过多，也会因干燥而口渴。
大体上，如果大便完谷不化且颜色白，吐利物腥臭秽浊，清澈清冷，小便清白通畅无涩痛，身体凉爽不渴，脉搏沉细而迟，这是寒证。如果是小儿患热性吐利，乳汁未消化且颜色尚白，不能立即断定为寒证，应当通过饮食和药物的颜色来辨别。如果谷物虽然未消化，但颜色不白，小便赤黄，吐泻伴烦渴，脉搏洪大而数，这是热证。大概泻下白色粪便属于寒证，其余颜色的都属于热证。泻下白色，是肺金的颜色。由于寒水过盛克制心火，导致肺金不能平抑肝木，肺金自盛，所以颜色白。泻下青色，是肝木的颜色。由于火盛克制肺金，不能平抑肝木，肝木自盛，所以颜色青。例如伤寒少阴病下利清水，颜色纯青，张仲景用大承气汤攻下，这清楚地表明是热证。泻下黄色，是脾土的颜色。由于火盛水衰，脾土自旺，所以颜色黄。泻下红色，是心火的颜色。泻下黑色，是肾水的颜色。由于“亢则害，承乃制”，火热过极，反而兼有水化的制约，所以颜色黑。下痢颜色黑的预后不良，多致死。又如疮疖都属于火热，其本质相同，但其表现标象有五种：在皮肤分属肺金，所以出白脓；在血脉分属心火，所以为血疖；在肌肉分属脾土，所以出黄脓；在筋分属肝木，所以脓液见青色；深至骨分属肾水，所以见紫黑色血。如果说下痢黑色属于寒证，那么疮疖出紫黑色血难道也是冷证吗？又如赤痢，本是湿热相兼的结果。举世都说赤痢为热、白痢为寒，这种错误观点流传已久。殊不知阴阳之道，犹如秤杆，一端高则另一端必低，一方盛则另一方必衰。所以阳盛则阴必衰，阴盛则阳必衰，这是自然之理。怎么会有阴阳二气同时在肠胃中过盛，而同时出现赤白痢疾呢？痢疾是怎么回事？大概因为在六七月之交，世间的谷物肉类果蔬，人们饮食无度，湿热极盛，人感受了其中的毒瓦斯于肠胃之间，从而排出脓血赤白。治疗痢疾的方法，应当用苦寒的药物。如宋朝钱仲阳处方香连丸治疗小儿痢疾，深得玄妙之理。木香苦温，黄连苦寒，苦能燥湿，寒能胜热，温能开发肠胃的郁结，治愈的痢疾很多。如今世俗医生，只用辛热的姜桂药物治疗各种痢疾，病情轻微的，能使肠胃开通，郁结消散，偶尔一次痊愈；病情严重的，郁热不开，痢疾反而加重，轻则导致小便不通、水肿的疾病，重则导致神志昏乱而死，实在令人叹息。又如妇人赤白带下的病，与痢疾相似。人有十二正经和奇经八脉，带脉是奇经之一，起于季胁，环绕身体一周，像束带一样。妇人下焦湿热太盛，津液涌溢，从带脉淋沥而下。举世都说白带属于寒证，这也是错误的。凡患此病的人，必然头目昏眩，口苦舌干，咽喉不利，小便赤涩，大便闭滞，脉象实而数，都是热证。治疗带下的方法，也以辛苦寒药为主，不可骤然使用燥药及热药，以免损害人的生命。又如酒蛊导致的大便濡泻，也是中湿热所致。或者是水肿，或者是发黄，都是湿热所致。唉！人既然有了形体，就不能没有疾病；有生就有死。但是医生只应当按照法则治疗。如果标本不明，阴阳不审，误投汤药，造成实证实治、虚证虚治（即实者更实、虚者更虚）而死亡的，是谁的过错呢？所以说：“世上没有好医生，枉死者占一半。”这确实不是虚假之言。
“瞀”，指神志昏蒙而气机浊滞。
“郁”，指热极则腠理郁结，气道不通。
“肿胀”，阳热太甚，则肿满胀大。就像六月万物隆盛，肿胀的景象，明显可见。
“鼻窒”，指鼻塞。风寒侵袭腠理，导致鼻塞，因为寒性收敛，阳气不通畅。人侧卧时，下面的鼻孔通气，上面的鼻孔反而堵塞，这是因为阳经左右相交于鼻的缘故。
“鼽”，指出清鼻涕。
“衄”，指出鼻血。
“血溢”，指血从上窍溢出。
“血泄”，指血从下窍泄出。
“淋”，指热邪客居膀胱，小便涩痛。
有人说：“小便涩滞不通属于热证，遗尿不禁属于寒证。”岂不知热邪极盛客居于肾部，干扰足厥阴肝经，廷孔（尿道口）郁结极甚，气液不能宣通，所以痿痹神无所用，津液渗入膀胱而为溲。如伤寒少阴病热极时会出现遗尿，道理很明显。世间流传的方子，又有冷淋的说法，真是可笑。等到观察其所治疗的方子，仍然使用榆皮、瞿麦等苦寒药物，这种说法虽然荒谬，但方子却是正确的。由于不知道造化变通的道理，认是对错，难怪如此。学问不明却想行医，太难了。
“闭”，指大便涩滞。由于火盛克制肺金，不能平抑肝木，肝木生风，风能胜湿，湿气消耗津液的缘故。
“身热恶寒”，邪热在体表反而恶寒。所以张仲景治疗伤寒的方法是用麻黄汤发汗。
有人说：“寒在皮肤，则热在骨髓；热在皮肤，则寒在骨髓。”这种说法是错误的。
“战栗”，指火热过极，反而兼有水化的制约，所以战栗动摇。伤寒病深入，大汗欲出之前，必先战栗，这是因为热极的缘故。人恐惧而战栗，是因为恐伤肾，导致水气衰弱。
“惊”，指心脏突然跳动而不安宁。
“惑”，指疑惑而意志不专一。
“悲”，指心血热盛，则凌犯肺金，肺金不受制约，所以发出悲哭的声音。悲哭而涕泪俱出，就像火炼金，反而化为水一样。所以肝热盛则流泪，心热盛则出汗，脾热盛则流涎，肺热盛则流涕，肾热盛则流唾。就像夏天热得太厉害，林木就会流出汁液一样。
“笑”，指心火热盛，喜志发作。有的人用轻手挠人的胁肋腋下，使人痒而发笑，这是扰乱动摇，属于火的化象。
“谵”，指多言。心热神乱，则语言妄出。
“妄”，指狂妄。心热神昏，则目有所见（产生幻觉）。
“衄血汗”，指出黑色的鼻血。
Any sudden onset of limb stiffness, pain in the limbs, as well as tendon cramping and contraction, all belong to Wind pathogen. Jueyin Wind-Wood corresponds to the Qi of the Liver and Gallbladder.
"Bao" (sudden) means abrupt. "Qiangzhi" (stiffness and rigidity) refers to the body being stiff and tense. "Zhitong" (supporting pain), "Zhi" means support, referring to the pain caused by tendons and bones being rigidly supported but unable to relax, resulting in spasms and pain. "Li" (deviation/perversion) means abnormality, referring to the dysfunction caused by tendon contraction and abdominal urgency leading to loss of normal physiological function. However, Dryness-Metal governs tightening and contraction, manifesting as shortening and tension. When a Wind-Wood disease manifests with the transformation characteristics of Dryness-Metal, it is due to the principle that "excess leads to harm, and control follows." Moreover, Wind can overcome Dampness and lead to Dryness. If a Wind disease becomes severe with heat, causing tendon contraction, this indicates extreme Dryness. Therefore, severe conditions often involve concurrent Dryness.
Various symptoms such as panting, vomiting, regurgitation of sour fluid, sudden acute diarrhea with tenesmus, muscle twitching/cramps, turbid urine, abdominal distension sounding like a drum upon percussion, carbuncles, ulcers, rashes, tumors, scrofula, tuberculosis-like nodules, cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, mental confusion and depression with swelling, nasal obstruction, rhinorrhea or epistaxis, blood extravasation or hemorrhage, strangury and urinary retention, fever with aversion to cold and shivering, fright, confusion, sadness, inappropriate laughter, delirium, mania, epistaxis, and hematohidrosis all belong to Heat pathogen, governed by Shaoyin Ministerial Fire, corresponding to the Qi of the True Heart and Small Intestine.
"Panting" results from excessive Fire Qi. Abundant Fire Qi constitutes summer heat; deficient Fire Qi constitutes winter cold. Thus, in Cold diseases, Qi is weak and respiration is faint; in Heat diseases, Qi is vigorous and respiration is coarse, leading to panting.
"Vomiting" results from excessive heat in the Stomach and Diaphragm, which is a manifestation of Fire flaring upward.
"Regurgitation of sour fluid": Sour flavor belongs to Liver-Wood. Due to excessive Fire controlling Lung-Metal, preventing Metal from balancing Wood, Liver-Wood becomes hyperactive, thus producing sourness. Just as food becomes sour when heated. Some claim sour regurgitation is due to Cold, which is erroneous. For example, wine has a bitter taste and acrid-hot nature, nourishing Heart Fire. Drinking it causes ruddy complexion, coarse breath, surging and rapid pulse, slurred speech, delirium, singing, crying, laughing, manic anger, dizziness, forgetfulness, irritability, thirst, and vomiting—all are Heat syndromes. The vomit is inevitably sour, clearly indicating Heat. Furthermore, Heat intensifies the five flavors. The Classic states: "On earth it transforms, transforming into the five flavors." Thus, hot foods have intense flavors. Therefore, Liver Heat causes sour mouth, Heart Heat causes bitter mouth, Spleen Heat causes sweet mouth, Lung Heat causes pungent mouth, Kidney Heat causes salty mouth. A bland taste indicates Stomach Heat. The Stomach belongs to Earth, Mother of all things, and is the root of the Five Zang organs. Injuring oneself with raw, cold, or hard foods causes belching and acid regurgitation, similar to how Cold damaging the skin/hair causes Yang Qi stagnation turning into Heat. Folk doctors mistakenly treat this as Cold, using warming herbs for the Spleen/Stomach, akin to using Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) and Guizhi Tang (Cinnamon Twig Decoction) to induce sweat in Taiyang Cold damage. However, chronic acid regurgitation should not be treated with warmth; instead, cold purgatives should be used to drain it, followed by cooling herbs to regulate. Patients with acid regurgitation should avoid greasy food because it causes Qi stagnation.
"Baozhu" (sudden pouring diarrhea) refers to sudden diarrhea. This is due to excessive heat in the intestines and stomach disrupting transmission and transformation, as Fire nature is swift.
"Xiapo" (tenesmus/pressure below) refers to abdominal urgency and heavy sensation in the rectum. Fire dries substances, causing urgency in the lower jiao.
"Zhuanjin" (tendon twitching/cramp) occurs when heat dries the tendons, causing them to twist. Claiming tendon cramps are due to Cold is wrong. "Zhuan" means movement; Yang moves, Yin is still, clearly indicating a Heat syndrome. Cholera patients with vomiting and diarrhea invariably have tendon cramps. The general rule is: vomiting/diarrhea with irritability and thirst indicates Heat; without thirst indicates Cold. There is no case of cholera with tendon cramps and no thirst.
Some say: "Soaking in warm water cures it; washing with cold water worsens it. Why?" Warm water opens the couli (pores), dissipating heat and stopping cramps. Cold water closes the couli, trapping heat and continuing cramps. Laypeople see improvement with warm water and wrongly suspect Cold.
"Turbid urine": Cold weather makes water clear; hot weather makes it turbid, just as clear water turns turbid when boiled.
"Abdominal distension, drum-like": Qi belongs to Yang. Excessive heat makes Qi vigorous, causing abdominal fullness.
"Yong" (carbuncle): Superficial and large abscess. The Classic says: "Excessive heat rots flesh into pus."
"Ju" (deep abscess): Deep and malignant.
"Yang" (ulcer): Small pustule with a head.
"Zhen" (rash): Floating small hidden rash.
"Liuqi" (tumor qi): Red tumor or erysipelas, indicating heat overcoming Qi.
"Jiehe" (scrofula/nodules): Heat qi constrained and knotted, hard like a fruit pit. It does not need to suppurate; dispersing the heat naturally resolves it.
"Vomiting and diarrhea cholera": The Sanjiao (Triple Burner) is the pathway for food and fluid transmission. Excessive heat disrupts this, causing vomiting, diarrhea, and cholera. Claiming these are Cold is wrong. General rule: Vomiting/diarrhea with thirst is Heat; without thirst is Cold. Early heat-type vomiting/diarrhea may temporarily lack thirst, but after fluid loss, thirst ensues. Cold-type lacks thirst initially, but excessive fluid loss leads to dryness and thirst.
Generally, undigested food in stool with white color, foul-smelling yet clear/cold vomit/stool, clear/unobstructed urine, cool body without thirst, and deep/slow/thin pulse indicate Cold syndrome. In children with heat-type vomiting/diarrhea, if milk is undigested and stool is white, do not immediately diagnose Cold; distinguish by diet/drug colors. If undigested grain is not white, urine is red/yellow, with thirst and surging/rapid pulse, it is Heat. White stool indicates Cold (Lung Metal color); other colors indicate Heat. White stool arises because excessive Cold Water suppresses Fire, failing to control Metal, so Metal dominates. Green stool indicates Liver Wood dominance due to Fire suppressing Metal. Zhang Zhongjing used Dachengqi Tang (Major Order the Qi Decoction) for Shaoyin diarrhea with pure green water, proving it is Heat. Yellow stool indicates Spleen Earth dominance due to excess Fire and deficient Water. Red stool indicates Heart Fire. Black stool indicates Kidney Water, appearing when extreme Heat is controlled by Water transformation. Black dysentery is fatal. Skin boils also stem from Fire/Heat but manifest differently based on location: Skin (Lung Metal) yields white pus; Blood vessels (Heart Fire) yield blood boils; Muscle (Spleen Earth) yields yellow pus; Tendons (Liver Wood) yield greenish pus; Bone (Kidney Water) yields purple-black blood. If black dysentery is Cold, are purple-black boils Cold too? Red dysentery is combined Damp-Heat. The world errs in calling Red Dysentery Heat and White Dysentery Cold. Yin and Yang are like a scale; one rises, the other falls. One excess implies the other deficiency. How can both Yin and Yang be excessive in the intestines simultaneously causing red and white dysentery? Dysentery arises in June/July from excessive intake of grains/meat/fruits, generating intense Damp-Heat toxins in the intestines, expelling pus/blood. Treatment requires bitter-cold herbs. Qian Zhongyang's Xianglian Wan (Costus and Coptis Pill) uses Muxiang (Aucklandiae Radix, bitter-warm) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma, bitter-cold). Bitter dries Dampness, Cold conquers Heat, Warmth opens stagnation. Modern folk doctors use acrid-hot Ginger/Cinnamon, curing mild cases by opening stagnation but worsening severe cases, leading to edema or death. This is lamentable.
Women's leukorrhea (red/white discharge) is similar to dysentery. The Dai Mai (Belt Vessel) is one of the Eight Extraordinary Vessels, circling the waist. Excessive Damp-Heat in the lower jiao causes fluids to overflow through the Dai Mai. Calling white leukorrhea Cold is wrong. Symptoms include dizziness, bitter/dry mouth, throat discomfort, red/scanty urine, constipation, and surging/rapid pulse—all Heat. Treatment uses bitter-acrid-cold herbs, avoiding drying/hot herbs to prevent life damage. Wine-gu (parasitic disease from alcohol) with loose stools, edema, or jaundice are also Damp-Heat. Alas, humans have bodies and thus diseases; life implies death. Doctors must follow laws. Misdiagnosing root/branch or Yin/Yang and misprescribing decoctions causing "excess treated as excess, deficiency treated as deficiency" deaths is whose fault? "Half the dead die due to lack of good doctors." This is true.
"Mao" (mental confusion): Spirit is dim, Qi is turbid.
"Yu" (depression/constraint): Extreme heat constrains couli, blocking Qi pathways.
"Zhongzhang" (swelling): Extreme Yang heat causes swelling/fullness, like lush vegetation in June.
"Bizhi" (nasal obstruction): Nasal blockage due to Wind-Cold in couli; Cold constricts, blocking Yang Qi. Lying on side opens lower nostril, blocks upper, due to Yang meridians crossing at nose.
"Qiu" (rhinorrhea): Clear nasal discharge.
"Nv" (epistaxis): Nosebleed.
"Xueyi" (blood extravasation): Blood from upper orifices.
"Xuexie" (blood hemorrhage): Blood from lower orifices.
"Lin" (strangury): Heat in Bladder causing painful/scanty urination. Some say obstructed urination is Heat, enuresis is Cold. But extreme Heat in Kidney region affects Jueyin Liver meridian, blocking the urethral orifice ("Tingkong"), preventing Qi/fluid flow, causing incontinence. Shaoyin heat extreme causes enuresis. Folk theories of "Cold Lin" are laughable, yet their formulas use Yupi (Ulmus Cortex) and Qumai (Dianthi Herba), bitter-cold herbs. The theory is wrong, formula right. Ignorance of transformation principles leads to error. Unlearned medicine is difficult.
"Bi" (constipation/retention): Stool涩滞 (astringent/stagnant). Fire controls Metal, fails to balance Wood; Liver generates Wind, Wind overcomes Dampness, consuming fluids.
"Fever with aversion to cold": Exterior Heat causing aversion to cold. Zhang Zhongjing treats this with Mahuang Tang (Ephedra Decoction) to induce sweat. Claiming "Cold in skin means Heat in marrow" is wrong.
"Zhanli" (shivering): Extreme Heat mimics Water transformation, causing shaking. Deep Shanghan (Cold Damage) with impending sweat causes shivering due to extreme heat. Fear-induced shivering is due to Kidney Water deficiency.
"Jing" (fright): Sudden heart agitation.
"Huo" (confusion): Doubt, unfocused will.
"Bei" (sadness): Excessive Heart Blood Heat harasses Lung Metal; Metal rebels, causing weeping. Tears/mucus resemble fire refining metal into water. Liver Heat tears, Heart Heat sweat, Spleen Heat saliva, Lung Heat mucus, Kidney Heat spit. Like trees sweating in summer heat.
"Xiao" (laughter): Heart Fire excess, Joy spirit emerges. Tickling ribs/armpits causes laughter due to disturbance, a Fire transformation.
"Zhan" (delirious speech): Excessive talking. Heart Heat confuses spirit, causing妄言 (wild speech).
"Wang" (madness): Mania. Heart Heat dims spirit, causing visual hallucinations.