*Chao Shi Bing Yuan* (Source of Diseases by Chao Yuanfang), Malaria Syndrome: The so-called malaria is caused by contracting summer-heat in summer. Its manifestations are as follows: chills are severe when occurring in autumn, mild when in winter, aversion to wind when in spring, and profuse sweating when in summer. However, its paroxysms have a regular schedule. At the onset of malaria, one first feels the hair standing on end, followed by yawning, then chills with trembling of the jaw, pain in the waist and spine; after the cold subsides, both interior and exterior become hot, accompanied by headache and thirst with desire to drink. What qi causes this? This is due to the contention between yin and yang above and below, alternating deficiency and excess, and the shifting of yin and yang. When yang merges into yin, yin becomes full and yang becomes deficient. Deficiency of Yangming channel leads to chills and jaw trembling; deficiency of Juyang (Taiyang) channel leads to pain in the waist, back, head, and neck. If all three yang channels are deficient, yin qi prevails; predominance of yin causes coldness and pain in the bones, with cold generating from within, hence both interior and exterior are cold. Excess of yang leads to external heat, while deficiency of yin fluid leads to internal heat; when both interior and exterior are hot, it results in panting and thirst with desire to drink. This disease arises from summer-heat contracted in summer, where pathogenic heat is abundant and hides inside the skin but outside the stomach and intestines, which is the abode of Ying Qi (Nutritive Qi). At this time, pores are open and interstices loose, making one susceptible to autumn wind; getting wet with sweat and exposed to wind leads to the disease. Similarly, during bathing, water qi stays within the skin, coexisting with Wei Qi (Defensive Qi). Wei Qi travels through the yang channels during the day; when this pathogen encounters yang, it acts like going out; when encountering yin, it acts like attacking inward, thus causing daily paroxysms. In cases of every-other-day paroxysms, it is because the pathogen resides deeply, attacking inwardly into yin, while yang qi alone flares up, and yin pathogen adheres internally. Yin and yang contend but cannot exit, thus causing every-other-day paroxysms.

Qianjin Fang Changshan Wan: Treats malaria in adults and children. Detailed prescription instructions are not fully listed here.
Ingredients: Changshan (Dichroa Root), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root and Rhizome) (each 3 fen); Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba, roots and joints removed, 1 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Powder the above five herbs, mix with honey to form pills the size of wu zi (Cibotii Semen), each pill being large as a wu zi. Take 5 pills. For children, take 3 pills the size of shu mi (Sorghum Grain), administered with warm water. Gradually increase to 5 pills, continuing until the disease resolves. (This formula has the same ingredients as the Quxie Wan in Huoren Shu under the category of "more chills than fever," but differs in dosage.)

Qianjin Fang treats lung heat in adults and children, where phlegm accumulates in the chest, coming and going unpredictably and transforming into malaria. Symptoms include a sensation of cold in the heart, severe chills leading to fever, and palpitations or fright after the fever subsides, with visual hallucinations. Changshan Tang Formula:
Ingredients: Changshan (Dichroa Root, 3 liang), Shumi (Sorghum Grain, 320 grains), Gancao (Licorice Root, 0.5 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Coarsely crush the above three herbs. Each dose consists of an amount held between three fingers. Add one cup of water, decoct until reduced to two-fifths of the original volume. Administer continuously for three doses at the time of paroxysm. Another method: Decoct seven cups of water with the aforementioned herbs to obtain three cups. Divide into three doses; ensure all three doses are consumed by the time of the paroxysm. For small children, administer one he or two he.

Huoren Shu treats malaria characterized by initial chills followed by fever, and also treats Zhijie syndrome (constraint and knotting).
Ingredients: Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix, 8 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Radix et Rhizoma, honey-fried), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, soaked seven times and sliced), Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix), Guizhi (Cinnamomi Ramulus, bark removed) (the above four each 3 liang).
Preparation and Administration: Cut into pieces the size of hemp seeds. Each dose takes five qian bi (a measure using a five-qian spoon). Add one and a half cups of water, seven slices of fresh ginger, and two jujubes. Decoct until reduced to eight-tenths, strain. Take six li of the clear liquid, warm, three times daily and twice at night. If there is thirst, remove Banxia and add Ren Shen and Gualougen (Trichosanthis Radix) to decoct together.