《千金》相小儿寿命长短法∶
儿生枕骨不成者，能言而死。尻骨不成者，能倨而死。（《千金翼》以尻骨为膝骨。）掌骨不成者，能扶伏而死。踵骨
不成者，能行而死。髌骨不成者，能立而死。生身不收者，死。鱼口者，死。股间无生肉者，死。颐下破者，
死。阴不起者，死。囊下白者，死。赤者，死。
相法甚博，略述十数条而已。
儿初生额上有旋毛者，早贵妨父母。儿初生阴大而与身色同者，成人。儿初生叫声连延相属者，寿；声绝
而复扬急者，不寿。儿初生汗血者，多危不寿。儿初生目视不正数动者，大非佳人。儿初生自开目者，不成人。
儿初生通身软弱如无骨者，不成人。儿初生发稀少者，强不听人。（《圣惠》云不听。）儿初生脐
小者，不寿。儿初生早
坐、早行、早语、早齿，生皆恶性，非佳人。儿初生头四破者，不成人。儿初生头毛不周匝者，不成人。啼声
散，不成人。啼声深，不成人。汗不流，不成人。小便凝如脂膏，不成人。常摇手足者，不成人。
无此状候者，皆成人也。
儿初生脐中无血者，好。卯下缝通达而黑者，寿；鲜白长大者，寿。
论曰∶儿三岁以上，十岁以下，观其性气高下，即可知其夭寿。大略儿小时识悟通敏过人者多夭，则项托、
颜面之流是也。小儿骨法成就威仪，回转迟舒，稍费人精神雕琢者，寿。其预知人意，回旋敏速者亦夭，则杨
修、孔融之流是也。由此观之，夭寿大略可知也。亦犹梅花早发，不睹岁寒；甘菊晚荣，终于年事。是知晚成
者，寿之兆也。（《千金翼》相小儿寿命并同。）
《联珠论》云∶凡小儿未满岁以前，五不成医。
掌骨不成而不能匍匐，必死。枕骨不成而不能言语，必死。膝骨不成而不能移步，必死。胯骨不成而不能
动坐，必死。尻骨不成而不能行立，必死。
上以上不足之疾，并是父母已过之疾也。
《千金方》中观察小儿寿命长短的方法：
婴儿出生时枕骨发育不全的，能说话后就会死亡。尻骨（尾椎及骶骨区域）发育不全的，能蹲坐后就会死亡。（《千金翼方》认为尻骨是指膝骨。）掌骨发育不全的，能爬行后就会死亡。踵骨（脚后跟）发育不全的，能行走后就会死亡。髌骨（膝盖骨）发育不全的，能站立后就会死亡。出生后身体形态无法收敛正常的，死亡。鱼口（肛门外翻如鱼嘴状）的，死亡。大腿内侧没有生肉的，死亡。下巴下方溃破的，死亡。阴器不能勃起的，死亡。阴囊下部发白的，死亡。发红的，死亡。
相法内容非常广博，这里仅略述十几条而已。
婴儿刚出生时额头有旋毛的，预示早年显贵但会妨害父母。婴儿刚出生时阴器较大且颜色与身体肤色相同的，成年。婴儿刚出生时哭声连绵不断的，长寿；声音中断后又突然扬起急促的，不长寿。婴儿刚出生时出汗带血的，大多危险且不长寿。婴儿刚出生时眼睛注视不正、频繁眨动的，不是美好之人。婴儿刚出生时自己睁开眼睛的，不能成年。婴儿刚出生时全身软弱像没有骨头一样的，不能成年。婴儿刚出生时头发稀少的，倔强且不听从人话。（《太平圣惠方》说是“不听”）。婴儿刚出生时脐孔小的，不长寿。婴儿刚出生时过早坐、过早走、过早说话、过早长牙的，生性恶劣，不是美好之人。婴儿刚出生时头顶有四道裂纹的，不能成年。婴儿刚出生时头发生长不周密的，不能成年。啼哭声散乱的，不能成年。啼哭声深沉的，不能成年。不出汗的，不能成年。小便凝结如脂膏状的，不能成年。经常摇晃手脚的，不能成年。
没有上述状况征候的，都能成年。
婴儿刚出生时脐中没有血液的，好。卯下缝（指前阴部位缝隙）通达且黑色的，长寿；鲜红白色长大的，长寿。
论述说：儿童在三岁以上、十岁以下，观察其性情气质的优劣高低，就可以知道其夭折或长寿的大致情况。大致而言，小儿小时候见识悟性通敏超过常人的，大多夭折，项托、颜面这类人物就是例子。小儿骨骼形态成就威仪，回转迟缓舒展，稍微需要人精神雕琢培养的，长寿。那些预知人意、回旋反应敏捷迅速的也夭折，杨修、孔融这类人物就是例子。由此看来，夭折或长寿的大致情况可以知晓了。这也就像梅花早早开放，看不到岁寒的考验；甘菊晚开，最终完成其年岁的使命。因此知道大器晚成的，是长寿的征兆。（《千金翼方》中观察小儿寿命的内容与此相同。）
《联珠论》说：凡是未满周岁以前的小儿，五种骨骼发育不成的，医生难以医治。
掌骨发育不全而不能爬行的，必死。枕骨发育不全而不能言语的，必死。膝骨发育不全而不能移步的，必死。胯骨发育不全而不能动坐的，必死。尻骨发育不全而不能行立的，必死。
以上这些不足之疾，都是父母遗传下来的疾病。
The method for observing the longevity of infants in *Qianjin Fang*:
If the occipital bone (bone at the back of the head) is undeveloped at birth, the child will die after being able to speak. If the sacral/coccygeal region (area of the tailbone and sacrum) is undeveloped, the child will die after being able to squat. (*Qianjin Yifang* considers the sacral/coccygeal region to refer to the knee bone). If the metacarpal bones are undeveloped, the child will die after being able to crawl. If the calcaneus (heel bone) is undeveloped, the child will die after being able to walk. If the patella (kneecap) is undeveloped, the child will die after being able to stand. If the body shape cannot converge normally after birth, death ensues. Fish-mouth anus (anus everted like a fish mouth), death ensues. Lack of flesh between the thighs, death ensues. Ulceration below the chin, death ensues. Inability of the genitalia to erect, death ensues. Whiteness on the lower part of the scrotum, death ensues. Redness, death ensues.
The methods of physiognomy are very extensive; here only a dozen or so items are briefly described.
If an infant has a whorl of hair on the forehead at birth, it indicates early nobility but harm to the parents. If the genitalia are large and the same color as the body skin at birth, the child will reach adulthood. If the crying sound is continuous and unbroken at birth, it indicates longevity; if the voice stops and then rises suddenly and urgently, it indicates short life. If the infant sweats blood at birth, they are mostly in danger and have a short life. If the infant’s eyes look abnormally and blink frequently at birth, they are not a person of good constitution. If the infant opens their eyes by themselves at birth, they will not reach adulthood. If the infant is whole-body soft as if having no bones at birth, they will not reach adulthood. If the infant has sparse hair at birth, they are stubborn and disobedient. (*Taiping Shenghui Fang* says "disobedient"). If the umbilical opening is small at birth, it indicates short life. If the infant sits, walks, speaks, or grows teeth too early at birth, they have a bad nature and are not persons of good constitution. If there are four cracks on the top of the head at birth, they will not reach adulthood. If the scalp hair does not grow densely at birth, they will not reach adulthood. A scattered crying sound indicates they will not reach adulthood. A deep crying sound indicates they will not reach adulthood. Lack of sweating indicates they will not reach adulthood. Urine congealed like fat or paste indicates they will not reach adulthood. Constant shaking of hands and feet indicates they will not reach adulthood.
Those without these signs and symptoms will all reach adulthood.
If there is no blood in the umbilicus at birth, it is good. If the prepuce slit is open and black, it indicates longevity; if it is bright red and white and large, it indicates longevity.
It is stated: For children aged three to ten years old, observing their temperament and spirit can indicate whether they will die young or live long. Generally, children who show exceptional insight and quick understanding when young tend to die young, such as Xiang Tuo and Yan Mian. Children whose skeletal structure forms dignified bearing, move slowly and comfortably, and require some spiritual cultivation, tend to live long. Those who anticipate others' intentions and react quickly also tend to die young, such as Yang Xiu and Kong Rong. From this, one can roughly know whether one will die young or live long. It is like plum blossoms blooming early, missing the test of cold winter; or sweet chrysanthemums blooming late, completing their lifespan. Thus, late bloomers are a sign of longevity. (The content on observing infant longevity in *Qianjin Yifang* is the same.)
*Lianzhu Lun* states: For infants under one year old, five types of bone undevelopment are incurable by doctors.
Undeveloped metacarpal bones unable to crawl lead to certain death. Undeveloped occipital bones unable to speak lead to certain death. Undeveloped knee bones unable to step lead to certain death. Undeveloped hip bones unable to sit/move lead to certain death. Undeveloped sacral/coccygeal bones unable to stand/walk lead to certain death.
The above deficiencies are diseases inherited from the parents.