《千金翼》治大人、小儿黄胆变成黑疸，医所不能治方。
上用土瓜根捣，取汁一升顿服之，病当从小便出。小儿分减服。葛氏亦治小儿四岁发黄。
《千金翼》治大人、小儿黄黑等疸方。
当归（三两） 桂心（六两） 干枣（一十七枚，去核） 麦门冬（一升，去心） 大黄（一
两） 茵陈 黄芩 黄 （一本无） 干姜 茯苓 芍药 黄连 石膏（碎） 人参 甘草（炙。各二两）
上一十五味 咀。以水一斗，煮取三升半，分四服。小儿分减服。
《千金翼》赤苓散 主黑疸身皮、大便皆黑。通治大人、小儿方。
赤小豆（三十枚） 茯苓（切） 女萎（各六铢） 雄黄（一铢） 瓜丁（四铢） 甘草（炙，二铢）
上六味，以水三升煮豆、茯苓，取八合；捣四味为散，和半钱匕服之。须臾当吐，吐即愈。亦主一切黄。
小儿服半字匕。
（诸寒羸瘦）凡十六门
《巢氏病源》小儿胎寒候∶小儿在胎时，其母将养、取冷过度，冷气入胞，伤儿肠胃。故小儿生之后，冷
气犹在肠胃之间。其状∶儿肠胃冷，不能消乳哺，或腹胀，或时谷利，令儿颜色青 ，时啼者，是胎寒痛也。
《千金翼》论∶儿生有胎寒，则当腹痛，痛者 啼，时时吐 ；或腹中如鸡子黄者，按之如水声便没，没已
复出，此无所苦尔。宜早服当归丸（方见 啼门，《千金方》同、）黄 散即愈。（方阙。）
茅先生有小儿初生下一日胎寒候∶口舌冷，腹虚鸣，面脸青色，吃乳有妨。此形候本因受胎六个月日母有
疾，被伏热往来，牙儿胎中饮热血，故受胎疾之病。治者，先以朱砂膏（方见惊门中）奶上
吮下，然后用镇心丸（方见一
切惊门）磨与相夹用之，一日下四服。至晚有红涎通利，即下匀气散（方见胃气不和门中）二服，治之
即愈。如见都不进奶及
肚膨胀，手握拳，目微视，面黑色，死候不治。（此茅先生一证用凉药，为母伏热往来，儿饮热血后。茅先生歌中却云∶
风邪夹冷。《巢氏病源》
始云∶母取冷过度，冷气入胞。又云∶儿肠胃冷，不能消乳。《巢氏病源》与茅先生有不同处，宜审处之。）
《慧眼观证》∶凡生下中胞寒，其候本因受胎六、七个月，母有疾，被寒热往来或伤冷毒，儿在胎中饮血，
故受胎积，所以生下口冷，腹胀。以大惊丸（方见一切惊门中）
研与牙儿吃，及参苓散（方见胃气不和门中）服之养其气。
茅先生有小儿中胎寒歌∶
人中鼻下有青色，乳见难消痢色同。衣薄中寒如是此，风邪夹冷上来攻。
《圣惠》治小儿胎寒，聚唾弄舌， 啼，反张，怒惊。当归散方
当归（锉，微炒） 细辛 黄 黄芩 龙骨（细研） 桂心 赤芍药（一两半）
上件药捣，罗为散。每服以乳汁调下一字，日三服。更看儿大小，以意加减服之妙。
《婴孺》治少小大便青，不欲食，皆是胎寒。当归丸方
当归 人参 芍药 芎（各三分） 甘草（四分）
上为末，乳汁和。先食服麻子大一丸，日进三服。未知，稍加之。
《婴孺》治少小胎寒，大人虚冷，内或有实，不可吐下。虚冷，服矾石丸方
上用马齿、矾石烧汁尽，为末，枣膏丸。大人服梧桐子大二丸，小儿以意减之。心腹中温暖为度。有实，
实去∶无实，下自断。神良。
《婴孺》治少小胎寒腹痛，大便青。芎丸方
芎 麝香 芍药 当归（各二分） 黄 虫（各三分，炒） 牛黄（一分）
上为末，蜜丸。二、三日儿，胡豆大一丸。不知，稍加之。一方有甘草，无人参。
《婴孺》治小儿胎寒，腹中 痛。黄 汤方
黄 黄芩 芍药（各六分） 当归（二分） 甘草 芎（各四分） 生姜（八分）
上以水五升，煮一升五合，去滓。百日儿半合，分三服。
《千金翼方》治疗成人及小儿黄疸转变为黑疸，且为医生难以治愈的方剂。
取土瓜根捣碎，榨取汁液一升，一次性服用，病邪应当从小便排出。小儿应减少剂量服用。葛氏也治疗四岁小儿发黄。
《千金翼方》治疗成人及小儿黄疽、黑疸等症的方剂。
当归（三两） 桂心（六两） 干枣（十七枚，去核） 麦门冬（一升，去心） 大黄（一两） 茵陈 黄芩 黄芪（另一版本无此药） 干姜 茯苓 芍药 黄连 石膏（打碎） 人参 甘草（炙。各二两）
以上十五味药，切碎。用水一斗，煎煮取三升半药液，分四次服用。小儿应减少剂量服用。
《千金翼方》赤苓散，主治黑疸导致皮肤和大便均发黑。通治成人及小儿的方剂。
赤小豆（三十枚） 茯苓（切片） 女萎（各六铢） 雄黄（一铢） 瓜丁（四铢） 甘草（炙，二铢）
以上六味药，用水三升煮赤小豆和茯苓，取八合药汁；将另外四味药捣碎研成散剂，混合半钱匕大小的量服用。不久应当呕吐，吐后病即痊愈。也主治各种黄疸。
小儿服用半字匕大小的量。
（关于诸种寒证、羸瘦的病症）共有十六个门类。
《诸病源候论》小儿胎寒候：小儿在母胎时，其母亲调养不当，过度受冷，冷气进入胞宫，损伤了胎儿的肠胃。所以小儿出生后，冷气仍然停留在肠胃之间。症状表现为：小儿肠胃寒冷，不能消化乳汁，或者腹部胀满，或者时常腹泻完谷不化，致使小儿面色青暗，时时啼哭，这是胎寒痛。
《千金翼方》论述：婴儿出生时有胎寒，就会腹痛，疼痛时啼哭，时时呕吐清涎；或者腹中有如鸡蛋黄样的硬块，按压时感觉如水声般下沉，松开后又复出，这并无大碍。应当尽早服用当归丸（方剂见“啼门”，《千金方》相同），服用黄芪散即可痊愈。（方剂缺失。）
茅先生记载小儿初生一日患胎寒候：口舌寒冷，腹部虚鸣，面颊青色，吃奶受阻。这种形候原本是因为受孕六个月时母亲有病，伏热往来，胎儿在胎中饮用了热血，因此受到胎疾的影响。治疗者，先用朱砂膏（方剂见惊门中）涂在奶头上让婴儿吮吸，然后用镇心丸（方剂见一切惊门）磨粉与前者交替使用，一天服用四次。到了晚上有红色涎液通畅排出，接着再服用匀气散（方剂见胃气不和门中）两次，治疗即可痊愈。如果见到完全不吃奶且肚子膨胀，手握拳，眼睛微睁，面色发黑，这是死候，无法医治。（这是茅先生的一个病例使用凉药，因为母亲伏热往来，胎儿饮用热血所致。但茅先生的歌诀中却说：风邪夹冷。《诸病源候论》开始说：母亲过度受冷，冷气进入胞宫。又说：小儿肠胃冷，不能消化乳汁。《诸病源候论》与茅先生的观点有不同之处，应当仔细审察处理。）
《慧眼观证》：凡是生下后患有胞寒，其症候原本是因为受孕六七个月时母亲有病，被寒热往来或伤于冷毒，胎儿在胎中饮血，因此受到胎积的影响，所以出生后口冷，腹胀。用大惊丸（方剂见一切惊门中）研碎给婴儿吃，以及服用参苓散（方剂见胃气不和门中）来养护其正气。
茅先生有关于小儿中胎寒的歌诀：
人中鼻下有青色，哺乳难消大便色同。衣着单薄中寒如此，风邪夹冷上来攻击。
《太平圣惠方》治疗小儿胎寒，聚唾弄舌，啼哭，角弓反张，惊恐愤怒。当归散方
当归（锉碎，微炒） 细辛 黄芪 黄芩 龙骨（细研） 桂心 赤芍药（一两半）
以上药物捣碎，过筛成为散剂。每次服用以乳汁调下一字量的药散，每天三次。更要根据小儿的大小，酌情加减服用效果更佳。
《婴孺书》治疗幼小儿童大便青色，不想吃东西，都是胎寒所致。当归丸方
当归 人参 芍药 川芎（各三分） 甘草（四分）
以上药物制成末，用乳汁调和。先吃饭前服用如麻子大一丸的药丸，每天进服三次。若未见效，稍增加剂量。
《婴孺书》治疗幼小儿童胎寒，成人虚冷，体内或有实邪，不可使用吐法或下法。针对虚冷，服用矾石丸方
取马齿苋、矾石烧至汁液流尽，研成末，用枣膏做成丸剂。成人服用梧桐子大二丸，小儿酌情减量。以心腹中感到温暖为度。如果有实邪，实邪去除；如果没有实邪，腹泻自然停止。疗效神奇良好。
《婴孺书》治疗幼小儿童胎寒腹痛，大便青色。芎丸方
川芎 麝香 芍药 当归（各二分） 黄芪 虻虫（各三分，炒） 牛黄（一分）
以上药物制成末，蜂蜜和丸。二三日大的婴儿，服用如胡豆大一丸的药丸。若未见效，稍增加剂量。另一版本有甘草，无人参。
《婴孺书》治疗小儿胎寒，腹中疼痛。黄芪汤方
黄芪 黄芩 芍药（各六分） 当归（二分） 甘草 川芎（各四分） 生姜（八分）
以上药物用水五升，煎煮取一升五合药液，去渣。百日大的婴儿服用半合，分三次服用。
*Qianjin Yi Fang* treats adult and pediatric cases where jaundice transforms into black jaundice, a condition difficult for physicians to cure.
Crush the root of *Trichosanthes cucumerina* (Tugua Gen), extract one sheng (approx. 200ml) of juice, and administer in a single dose. The pathogenic factor should exit via urination. Pediatric dosage should be reduced. Ge Shi also treated four-year-old children with yellowing of the skin.
*Qianjin Yi Fang* formula for treating adult and pediatric yellow jaundice, black jaundice, etc.
Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) (3 liang), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae) (6 liang), Gan Zao (Fructus Jujubae, removed pits) (17 pieces), Maimendong (Radix Ophiopogonis) (1 sheng, heart removed), Dahuang (Radix et Rhizoma Rhei), Yinchen (Herba Artemisiae Scopariae), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae), Huangqi (Radix Astragali; absent in another version), Ganjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis), Fuling (Poria), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Alba/Lactiflorae), Huanglian (Rhizoma Coptidis), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, crushed), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried) (each 2 liang).
The above fifteen ingredients are coarsely chopped. Boil in ten dou (approx. 20 liters) of water until three and a half sheng remain. Divide into four doses. Pediatric dosage should be reduced.
*Qianjin Yi Fang* Chiling San (Red Coix Seed and Poria Powder) primarily treats black jaundice causing both skin and stool to appear black. A general formula for adults and children.
Chixiaodou (Semen Phaseoli Uradis) (30 seeds), Fuling (Poria, sliced), Nuwei (Radix Adenophorae/Trichosanthis? Note: Nuwei usually refers to Radix Adenophorae or similar, context implies herb), Xionghuang (Realgar), Guding (? likely a specific part or typo for Gua Lou Ren/Dan Dou Chi, but literal translation used), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae, honey-fried) (each 6 zhu for Nuwei/Xionghuang/Guding, 2 zhu for Gancao).
Boil the Chixiaodou and Fuling in three sheng of water to obtain eight ge of liquid. Crush the other four herbs into powder. Mix with half a qianbi (a small measuring spoon) of the powder and administer. Vomiting should occur shortly after; recovery follows vomiting. It also treats various types of jaundice.
Pediatric dosage is half a zi bi (a smaller measure).
(Regarding sixteen categories of cold syndromes and emaciation)
*Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* (Source of All Diseases) on Pediatric Congenital Cold Syndrome: During gestation, if the mother’s care involves excessive exposure to cold, cold qi enters the uterus, damaging the fetus's intestines and stomach. Thus, after birth, cold qi remains in the gastrointestinal tract. Symptoms include: cold intestines and stomach unable to digest milk, abdominal distension, intermittent diarrhea with undigested food, cyanotic complexion, and frequent crying. This is congenital cold pain.
*Qianjin Yi Fang* discusses: Infants born with congenital cold suffer from abdominal pain, crying due to pain, and frequent regurgitation of clear saliva. Or, there may be a mass in the abdomen like an egg yolk; when pressed, it feels fluid-like and sinks, then re-emerges upon release. This causes no significant distress. Early administration of Danggui Wan (Formula see "Crying Category", same as *Qianjin Fang*) and Huangqi San will lead to recovery. (Formula missing.)
Mr. Mao records a case of congenital cold in a newborn one day old: Cold mouth and tongue, empty rumbling in the abdomen, cyanotic cheeks, difficulty nursing. This condition originates from maternal illness during the sixth month of pregnancy, with latent heat alternating, causing the fetus to ingest "hot blood" in utero, resulting in this congenital disease. Treatment: First apply Zhusha Gao (Formula see "Startle Category") to the nipple for the infant to suck. Then use Zhenxin Wan (Formula see "All Startle Categories") ground into powder, alternating with the previous treatment, four times a day. By evening, red phlegm/saliva should pass freely. Then administer Yunqi San (Formula see "Stomach Qi Disharmony Category") twice. The condition will resolve. If the infant refuses all milk, has abdominal distension, clenched fists, slightly open eyes, and a blackish face, these are signs of death and are untreatable. (Note: Mr. Mao uses cooling herbs for this case because the mother had latent heat and the infant ingested hot blood. However, his verse mentions wind-cold combining. *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* states the mother was excessively cold, cold qi entered the uterus, and the infant's intestines were cold. There are discrepancies between *Zhubing Yuanhou Lun* and Mr. Mao; careful judgment is required.)
*Huiyan Guan Zheng*: For infants born with uterine cold, the cause is maternal illness at six or seven months of gestation, involving alternating cold and heat or injury from cold toxins. The fetus ingests blood in utero, leading to congenital accumulation. Symptoms after birth include cold mouth and abdominal distension. Administer Dajing Wan (Formula see "All Startle Categories") ground up for the infant to eat, and Shenling San (Formula see "Stomach Qi Disharmony Category") to nourish qi.
Mr. Mao's verse on pediatric congenital cold:
A bluish-green color under the philtrum indicates difficulty digesting milk and stools resembling that color. Thin clothing leads to cold invasion; wind pathogens combine with cold to attack upwards.
*Tai Ping Sheng Hui Fang* treats pediatric congenital cold with symptoms of pooling saliva, playing with the tongue, crying, opisthotonos, and angry fright. Danggui San Formula
Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis, sliced, lightly fried), Xixin (Radix Asari), Huangqi (Radix Astragali), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae), Longgu (Os Draconis et Mammutis, finely ground), Guixin (Cortex Cinnamomi Cassiae), Chishaoyao (Radix Paeoniae Rubra) (1.5 liang).
Grind and sieve the above herbs into a powder. Each dose is mixed with breast milk and administered as a "zi" amount, three times daily. Adjust dosage according to the child's age and size for best results.
*Yingru Shu* treats young children with green stools and anorexia, caused by congenital cold. Danggui Wan Formula
Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis), Renshen (Radix Ginseng), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae), Xiong (Radix Chuanxiong) (each 3 fen), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae) (4 fen).
Grind into powder. Mix with breast milk. Administer one pill the size of a hemp seed before meals, three times daily. If ineffective, increase the dose slightly.
*Yingru Shu* treats pediatric congenital cold and adult deficiency-cold. If there is internal excess, do not use emetic or purgative methods. For deficiency-cold, administer Fanshi Wan Formula.
Burn Machi (Herba Portulacae) and Fanshi (Alumen) until juices are exhausted. Grind into powder. Form pills with jujube paste. Adults take two pills the size of a paulownia seed; reduce dosage for children. Stop when the heart and abdomen feel warm. If there is excess, the excess will be expelled; if no excess, diarrhea will cease naturally. Highly effective.
*Yingru Shu* treats pediatric congenital cold with abdominal pain and green stools. Xiong Wan Formula
Xiong (Radix Chuanxiong), Shexiang (Moschus), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) (each 2 fen), Huangqi (Radix Astragali), Mengchong (Musca/Blowfly larva?) (each 3 fen, fried), Niuhuang (Calculus Bovis) (1 fen).
Grind into powder. Form pills with honey. For infants two to three days old, administer one pill the size of a broad bean. Increase slightly if necessary. Another version includes Gancao but excludes Renshen.
*Yingru Shu* treats pediatric congenital cold with abdominal pain. Huangqi Tang Formula
Huangqi (Radix Astragali), Huangqin (Radix Scutellariae), Shaoyao (Radix Paeoniae) (each 6 fen), Danggui (Radix Angelicae Sinensis) (2 fen), Gancao (Radix Glycyrrhizae), Xiong (Radix Chuanxiong) (each 4 fen), Shengjiang (Rhizoma Zingiberis Recens) (8 fen).
Boil in five sheng of water until one and a half sheng remain. Strain. For a hundred-day-old infant, administer half a sheng, divided into three doses.