光致所讲幼科,注重在实用二字,不尚虚文。以自己二十余年临证延医之经验,兼采各家学说医理,简易
明通。于临证实用者,均采集不嫌其浅俗,以求对于病者实用,对症治疗。平日体察小儿所常得的各种病症,
与成人的病症根本不同,临征延医方法自异。至于小儿又分乳婴与成童,其病症与治法更不能同。成人之病症,
虽亦不外乎寒热虚实燥湿积滞伤风寒及肺病血病,千头万绪,似觉不易措手,延医失之毫厘,谬以千里,非细
心体察,加以阅历,潜心研求,真知灼见,不能定症名,用药治疗。然成人能自道病之所在,及身体的痛苦见
端,再证以望闻问切等手续,自能见到症之象,及症之状,即可定出症之属于内伤外感,及内外兼病。症象即
得,即可因症用以疗治,似难而实不难。非若小儿之病症,自己既不知病之所在,尤不能自言病之痛苦及症象。
身体细小,四肢百骸均未长成,不能任猛烈性的药。然小儿又多不易服药,又不能与平常缓性药,使之慢慢而
愈,如惊风等症,不能稍延者。虽小儿无七情六欲,得病似觉简单,而临证用药则甚烦难,稍有出入,遗害无
穷,似易而实难也。故幼科另立一门,俗呼为哑科,以望闻切又不能问也。是以非有经验,不足以话幼科,非
有一二十年之经验不能治幼科病。至于辨指纹诊脉治病不过补助云耳。
光致所讲授的儿科医学,注重在“实用”二字,不崇尚虚浮的文辞。他结合自己二十多年临证求医的经验,兼采各家的学说和医理,内容简易且明达通顺。对于临证实用的内容,无论深浅通俗与否,都加以采集,以求对病人真正实用,做到对症治疗。
平日观察小儿常患的各种病症,与成人的病症根本不同,因此临证求医的方法自然也不同。至于小儿又分为乳婴(吃奶的婴儿)和成童(较大的儿童),其病症与治法更不能相同。
成人的病症,虽然也不外乎寒、热、虚、实、燥、湿、积滞、伤风寒以及肺病、血病等,千头万绪,似乎难以着手。如果延请医生时失之毫厘,结果就会谬以千里。若非细心体察,加上阅历丰富,潜心研究,拥有真知灼见,就不能确定症名,进而用药治疗。然而成人能自己说出病痛所在,以及身体的痛苦表现,再配合望、闻、问、切等诊断手续,自然能看到症候的现象及状态,即可判定病症属于内伤还是外感,或是内外兼病。一旦症象明确,即可根据症候进行治疗,看似困难实则不难。
不像小儿的病症,自己既不知道病痛所在,尤其不能口头诉说痛苦及症象。小儿身体细小,四肢百骸均未长成,不能承受猛烈性质的药物。然而小儿又多不易服药,又不能使用平常缓和性的药物使其慢慢痊愈,如惊风(小儿常见急症,表现为抽搐、神昏等)等症,不能稍有拖延。虽然小儿没有七情六欲,得病似乎简单,但临证用药却非常烦难,稍有差错,遗害无穷,看似容易实则艰难。所以儿科另立一门,俗称“哑科”,因为望、闻、切诊法中唯独缺少了“问”诊。因此,没有经验不足以谈论儿科,没有一二十年的经验不足以治疗儿科疾病。至于辨别指纹、诊脉治病,不过是辅助手段罢了。
The pediatrics taught by Guang Zhi emphasizes the two words "practicality," eschewing empty rhetoric. Drawing upon his own experience of over twenty years in clinical practice and seeking medical advice, he incorporates theories from various schools of thought, presenting content that is simple yet clear and comprehensive. For practical applications in clinical settings, he collects materials regardless of their depth or vulgarity, aiming for true utility for patients and targeted symptom treatment.
Observing the various diseases commonly afflicting children, it is fundamentally different from adult diseases; thus, the methods for clinical consultation naturally differ. Furthermore, children are divided into infants (breastfed babies) and older children, whose symptoms and treatments cannot be the same.
Adult diseases, although generally falling under categories such as cold, heat, deficiency, excess, dryness, dampness, food stagnation, wind-cold injury, lung diseases, and blood diseases, present a myriad of complexities that seem difficult to address. A slight error in consulting a physician can lead to significant deviations in outcome. Without careful observation, rich experience, dedicated research, and profound insight, one cannot accurately diagnose or prescribe medication. However, adults can describe the location of their illness and physical suffering. Combined with diagnostic procedures such as inspection (Wang), listening and smelling (Wen), inquiry (Wen), and palpation (Qie), the manifestation and state of the syndrome become apparent, allowing for differentiation between internal injury, external contraction, or combined internal-external pathology. Once the syndrome pattern is identified, treatment can be applied accordingly; what seems difficult is actually not so.
This contrasts sharply with pediatric cases, where children cannot identify the location of their illness nor verbally express their pain or symptoms. Due to their small stature and incomplete development of limbs and bones, they cannot tolerate potent medications. Moreover, children often refuse medicine, and slow-acting mild remedies are insufficient for conditions like convulsions (Jing Feng, an acute pediatric condition characterized by spasms and coma), which require immediate attention. Although children lack complex emotions and desires, making their illnesses seemingly simple, clinical medication management is extremely difficult and prone to error, with potentially disastrous consequences. What appears easy is actually very hard. Therefore, pediatrics stands as a separate discipline, colloquially known as the "Mute Department" (Ya Ke), because the diagnostic method of inquiry is absent alongside inspection, listening/smelling, and palpation. Consequently, one cannot discuss pediatrics without experience, nor treat pediatric diseases without ten to twenty years of experience. Techniques such as observing finger veins and pulse diagnosis serve merely as auxiliary aids.