小儿面色青白，或黧黑、痿黄，无喜色，无精采。两目黑多白少，白睛带青色，视瞻歪
斜，暗昧无神。 囟陷囟填。 解颅。 囟不合。 五软。 五硬。 龟胸。 龟背。
鹤膝。 鼻孔小。 气浊。 声音不亮、不长，肉不束，骨松如发面样。 身体瘦无
肉。 身有 癣、疮疥。 腹有疳积。 项有结核。 病后元气未复。素有惊痫之证。
失乳之后。 气血不足。脾胃虚弱。 精神倦怠。 脉不和平。 以上皆不可种。
凡小儿父母，行事疏忽，不知调摄，不听禁忌，不信医药，过于溺爱骄纵者，亦断不可与种。
种痘之时，要细阅小儿气血冲和，脏腑均平，内无痰热食积所伤，外无六淫之气相
侵，方可用上好痘痂种之。一岁者，用二十余粒。三四岁者，用三十余粒，置于净瓷钟
内，以柳木作杵，碾为细末，以净水滴三五点入钟内，春温用，冬热用。干则再加水几
点，总以调匀为度，不燥不湿。用新棉些须摊极薄片，裹所调痘屑在内，捏成枣核样，以
红线拴定，仍留寸许，长则剪去。将苗纳入鼻孔，分男左、女右，不可离人，时时看守。
倘小儿用手拈弄，急禁止之。或被嚏出，急将苗塞鼻内，不可稍缓，恐泄苗气。下苗后
必六个时辰为度，然后取出。如遇天气严寒，多留数刻；若遇时令和暖，早取数刻亦可，要
在临时斟酌。痘苗取出之后，其苗气渐次而入，传遍五脏。至七日始发热，发热三日而
苗见，见苗三日而出齐，出齐三日而灌浆，浆足三日而回水结痂，大功成矣！
小儿面色呈现青色或白色，或者颜色黧黑、萎黄，没有喜悦的神色，缺乏精神光彩。两眼黑色多而白色少，眼白部分带有青色，视物时眼球歪斜，眼神昏暗无神。囟门凹陷或囟门突起。解颅（囟门迟闭）。囟门不合拢。五软（头项、口、手、足软弱无力）。五硬（头项、胸腹、手足僵硬）。龟胸（胸廓高耸如龟背）。龟背（脊柱弯曲隆起如龟背）。鹤膝（膝关节肿大，小腿肌肉萎缩，形如鹤膝）。鼻孔狭小。气息浑浊。声音不响亮、不悠长，肌肉不紧束，骨骼松软如同发面一样。身体消瘦无肉。身上有癣、疮疥。腹部有疳积。颈部有结核肿块。大病之后元气尚未恢复。平素有惊痫的病症。断奶之后。气血不足。脾胃虚弱。精神倦怠。脉象不和缓平稳。以上这些情况都不可进行种痘。
凡是小儿的父母，行为疏忽大意，不懂得调养护理，不听从禁忌，不相信医药，过于溺爱骄纵孩子的，也绝对不可以给孩子种痘。
种痘的时候，要仔细审视小儿是否气血冲和，脏腑平衡，体内没有痰热、食积所伤，体外没有六淫邪气侵袭，才可以选用上好的痘痂进行接种。一岁的孩子，用二十余粒；三四岁的孩子，用三十余粒，放在干净的瓷钟内，用柳木做杵，碾成细末，滴入三五点净水在钟内调和，春季温暖时用温水，冬季寒冷时用热水。干了就再加几滴水，总之以调匀为标准，不干不湿。取少许新棉花摊成极薄的片，将调制好的痘屑包裹在内，捏成枣核形状，用红线拴住固定，仍留一寸左右，长了就剪去。将痘苗纳入鼻孔，分男孩左鼻、女孩右鼻，不能离开人，时时看守。如果小儿用手抓弄，急忙禁止。如果被喷嚏喷出，急忙将痘苗塞回鼻内，不可稍有迟缓，恐怕泄了痘苗之气。下苗后必须经过六个时辰（十二小时），然后取出。如果遇到天气严寒，多留片刻；如果遇到时令和暖，早取片刻也可以，要根据当时情况斟酌。痘苗取出之后，其苗气逐渐进入体内，传遍五脏。到第七天开始发热，发热三天后痘疹显现，痘疹显现三天后出齐，出齐三天后灌浆，浆液充足三天后回水结痂，大功告成！
The child's complexion is cyanotic or pale, or dark and sallow, lacking a joyful expression and spiritual luster. The eyes show more black than white, the sclera has a bluish tint, gaze is deviated, and the spirit appears dim and lifeless. There is sunken fontanelle or bulging fontanelle. Jieku (delayed closure of the fontanelles). Fontanelle not closed. Wu Ruan (five softnesses: weakness of head/neck, mouth, hands, and feet). Wu Ying (five stiffnesses: stiffness of head/neck, chest/abdomen, and limbs). Guixiong (chest protruding like a turtle shell). Beibei (spinal curvature like a turtle back). Hexi (swollen knee joints with atrophic calves, resembling crane knees). Small nostrils. Turbid breath. Voice is not resonant or prolonged; muscles are not firm, and bones are loose like dough. The body is emaciated without flesh. The skin presents with tinea, sores, or scabies. The abdomen harbors ganji (malnutrition due to spleen deficiency). Lumps are present in the neck. Vital qi has not recovered after illness. There is a history of jingxian (startle epilepsy). After weaning. Qi and blood are insufficient. Spleen and stomach are weak. Mental fatigue. The pulse is not harmonious and smooth. All the above conditions contraindicate vaccination.
Furthermore, if the parents are negligent in their conduct, ignorant of proper care, disregard taboos, distrust medical treatment, or are overly indulgent and spoiling, vaccination must absolutely be avoided.
When performing vaccination, one must carefully examine whether the child's Qi and blood are balanced, the Zang-Fu organs are in equilibrium, there is no internal injury from phlegm-heat or food stagnation, and no external invasion by the Six Excesses (pathogenic factors), before using high-quality smallpox scabs. For a one-year-old, use more than twenty grains; for three- to four-year-olds, use more than thirty grains. Place them in a clean porcelain bell, grind into fine powder using a willow wood pestle, and add three to five drops of clean water to the bell. Use warm water in spring and hot water in winter. If it dries, add a few more drops. The consistency should always be uniform, neither too dry nor too wet. Take a small amount of new cotton, spread it into an extremely thin sheet, wrap the prepared smallpox particles inside, and shape it into a date-pit form. Secure it with a red thread, leaving about one cun (inch) of tail, trimming any excess. Insert the vaccine seed into the nostril, left for boys and right for girls. Do not leave the child unattended; watch constantly. If the child touches it with their hand, stop them immediately. If sneezed out, reinsert the seed into the nose immediately without delay, lest the vital energy of the vaccine leak. After insertion, keep it for six shichen (twelve hours) before removal. In severe cold weather, leave it longer; in mild weather, remove it slightly earlier, adjusting according to circumstances. After removing the seed, its vital energy gradually enters the body and spreads through the Five Zang organs. Fever begins on the seventh day. After three days of fever, the rash appears. After three days of appearance, the eruption completes. After three days of completion, pustules fill. After three days of fullness, fluid recedes and scabs form, completing the process.