七宝散 治小儿温壮伏热，伤寒烦躁，面赤气喘，夜热晓凉。此药凉心脏，消风热。
川大黄（蒸） 赤芍药 甘草（炙） 川当归（各二钱半） 麻黄 白术 荆芥穗（各二钱）
上为末。一岁一钱，水半盏，葱白一寸，薄荷一叶，煎至三分，不拘时温服。
双解饮子（即通圣散合六一散，方见伤寒太阳病发热条。）
白虎汤 治伤寒或吐或下后七八日邪毒不解，热结在里，表里俱热，时时恶风，大
渴舌上干燥而烦，欲饮数升者，宜服之。又治夏月中暑，汗出恶风寒，身热而渴。
知母（三两） 甘草（一两，炙） 石膏（八两，另研） 糯米（三合）
上每服二三钱，水煎，至米熟为度。
小柴胡汤 治伤寒温热，身热恶风，头痛项强，四肢烦疼，往来寒热，胁痛耳聋，
呕哕痰实，中暑、疟疾，并服之。（方见伤寒少阳病。）
愚按∶前方，若肝胆经风热，肝火瘰 ，寒热往来，日晡发热潮热不欲饮食。
或怒火口苦，耳聋咳嗽。或胁痛 满，小便不利。或泄泻吐酸苦水。或肢体搐动，
唇目抽掣。及乳母有前证，致儿为患者，并宜服之。
余热者，谓寒邪未尽传经之遗热也。仁斋曰∶伤寒汗下后而热又来，乃表里俱
虚，气不归元，阳浮于外，不可再用凉药，盖热去则寒起，古人戒之，法当和胃气，
使阳气收敛归内，其热自止，宜以参苓白术散主之。〔曾〕有小儿热证用表里药后，
其热俱退，既退，复热者何也。疗病至此，难以概举，或再解表攻里，或施凉剂，
热见愈甚，以阴阳辨之，何者为是，推其原乃表里俱虚而阳浮于外，阴伏于内，所
以又发热，宜用温平之药和其里，则体热自除，投钱氏白术散去木香，加扁豆，水
煎，及黄 六一汤、安神散，自然平复。若日久汗多烦渴，食减，脉微缓，喜饮热，
可服真武汤，虽附子性温，取其收敛阳气，内有芍药性寒，一寒一温，停分得宜，
用之无不验矣。〔薛〕汗后血虚而热益甚者，六神散加粳米。汗后气虚而恶寒发热
者，补中益气汤。汗后阴虚，阳无所附而热者，用四物汤加参 。汗后阳虚，阴无
所附而热者，用四君汤加芎归。
实脾散 治小儿余热不除。
川芎 茯苓 甘草 白术
上锉散。用水煎，食远服。
参苓白术散 主脾胃虚弱，饮食不进，多困少气，中满痞，噫呕吐逆，此药不寒不
热，性味和平，常服，调脾悦色，顺正去邪。
人参（去芦） 白茯苓（去皮） 粉草 白术 白扁豆（如前制） 山药（去黑皮）
缩砂仁 薏苡仁 桔梗（锉、炒。各一两） 莲子肉（去心）
上，锉、焙为末。每服半钱至一钱，用枣汤、空心调服，或温米汤亦可。
安神散 治吐泻诸病后心虚烦闷，触物易惊，气郁生涎，涎与气搏，睡不得宁，预
防变生他证。
人参 白茯苓 半夏（制） 甘草（炙） 陈皮（去白） 枳实（制。各五钱）
上锉。每服二钱，水一盏，姜二片，枣一枚，竹茹小团，煎七分，无时温服。
有微热渴，入麦门冬去心同煎。
《简易》凝神散 治小儿经汗下热去复作，收敛胃气，清凉肌表，神效。
人参 白术 白茯苓 山药（炒。各一两） 扁豆 粳米 知母 生地黄 甘草（各半两）
淡竹叶 地骨皮 麦门冬（各一分）
细末。每二钱，水小盏，姜二片，枣一枚煎，无时。
钱氏白术散（见渴） 黄 六一汤（见自汗） 真武汤（见自汗） 六神散（见夜啼）
七宝散：治疗小儿温热壮热、伏留之热，伤寒引起的烦躁不安，面色发红、气喘，夜间发热而清晨凉爽。此药能清泻心火，消除风热。
药材组成：川大黄（蒸制）、赤芍药、甘草（炙烤）、川当归（各二钱半）；麻黄、白术、荆芥穗（各二钱）。
将上述药物研为细末。一岁的患儿服用一钱，加水半盏，葱白一寸，薄荷一叶，煎煮至剩余三分之一的药液，不拘时间温服。
双解饮子：即通圣散与六一散的合方，具体方剂见“伤寒太阳病发热”条目。
白虎汤：治疗伤寒或经过催吐、攻下治疗后七八天，邪毒仍未解除，热邪结聚在体内，表现为表里俱热，时常怕风，极度口渴，舌面干燥且心烦，想要饮用数升水的情况，适宜服用此方。又用于治疗夏季中暑，出现汗出、怕风怕冷、身体发热且口渴的症状。
药材组成：知母（三两）、甘草（一两，炙烤）、石膏（八两，单独研磨）、糯米（三合）。
每次服用二三钱，用水煎煮，直到米煮熟为止。
小柴胡汤：治疗伤寒温热病，症状包括身体发热、怕风，头痛、项部僵硬，四肢烦痛，寒热往来（忽冷忽热），胁肋疼痛、耳聋，呕吐呃逆、痰涎壅盛，以及中暑、疟疾等，均可服用。（方剂详情见“伤寒少阳病”条目。）
按语：前述方剂，若用于肝胆经的风热证，肝火导致的瘰疬（颈部淋巴结结核），寒热往来，下午申时发热如潮，不想饮食；或者因愤怒导致口苦、耳聋、咳嗽；或者胁肋疼痛、腹部胀满，小便不利；或者泄泻、吐出酸苦水；或者肢体抽搐，嘴唇和眼睛抽动。以及乳母有上述病症，导致婴儿患病的，都适宜服用此方。
余热：是指寒邪未尽，传变经络后遗留的热邪。仁斋说：伤寒经过发汗、攻下治疗后，热邪再次出现，这是因为表里俱虚，气不能回归本源，阳气浮越于外，不可再使用凉药，因为热去则寒生，古人对此有戒律。治疗方法应当调和胃气，使阳气收敛回归体内，其热自会停止，适宜以参苓白术散为主治方。〔曾〕曾有小儿热证在使用了表里双解药后，热势暂时消退，但消退后又复发的情况，为什么呢？治疗疾病到了这种地步，难以一概而论，有的再次解表攻里，有的施用凉剂，结果热势反而更甚。用阴阳理论辨析，何为正确？推究其根源乃是表里俱虚而阳气浮越于外，阴气潜伏于内，所以再次发热，适宜使用温平的药物来调和里气，则体表热自会消除。投予钱氏白术散去掉木香，加入扁豆，用水煎服，以及黄耆六一汤、安神散，自然能够平复。如果日久汗多、心烦口渴，食欲减退，脉象微缓，喜欢喝热水，可以服用真武汤，虽然附子性温，是取其收敛阳气的作用，内有芍药性寒，一寒一温，比例得当，使用无不灵验。〔薛〕出汗后血虚而热势更甚者，用六神散加粳米。出汗后气虚而恶寒发热者，用补中益气汤。出汗后阴虚，阳气无所依附而发热者，用四物汤加人参。出汗后阳虚，阴气无所依附而发热者，用四君汤加川芎、当归。
实脾散：治疗小儿余热不除。
药材组成：川芎、茯苓、甘草、白术。
将药物切碎成散剂。用水煎煮，饭后远隔时间服用。
参苓白术散：主治脾胃虚弱，饮食不进，疲倦乏力，气短，脘腹胀满痞塞，嗳气呕吐逆气。此药不寒不热，性味平和，常服可调理脾胃，悦泽面色，顺扶正气，祛除邪气。
药材组成：人参（去芦头）、白茯苓（去皮）、粉草、白术、白扁豆（如前法炮制）、山药（去黑皮）、缩砂仁、薏苡仁、桔梗（切碎、炒制，各一两）、莲子肉（去心）。
将上述药物切碎、焙干后研为细末。每次服用半钱至一钱，用枣汤或空腹调服，或用温热的米汤送服亦可。
安神散：治疗吐泻诸病之后，心虚烦闷，接触事物容易受惊，气郁生涎，涎与气搏结，睡眠不得安宁，预防变生其他证候。
药材组成：人参、白茯苓、半夏（炮制）、甘草（炙烤）、陈皮（去白）、枳实（炮制，各五钱）。
将药物切碎。每次服用二钱，加水一盏，生姜两片，大枣一枚，竹茹一小团，煎煮至七分，随时温服。若有轻微发热口渴，加入去心的麦门冬同煎。
《简易》凝神散：治疗小儿经过发汗、攻下治疗后，热势去除又复发，能收敛胃气，清凉肌表，效果神奇。
药材组成：人参、白术、白茯苓、山药（炒制，各一两）、扁豆、粳米、知母、生地黄、甘草（各半两）、淡竹叶、地骨皮、麦门冬（各一分）。
研为细末。每次取二钱，加水一小盏，生姜两片，大枣一枚，煎煮，随时服用。
Qibao San (Seven-Treasure Powder): Treats pediatric febrile diseases with robust heat and latent heat, restlessness caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage), flushed face, asthma, and night fever with morning coolness. This formula cools the Heart and eliminates wind-heat.
Ingredients: Chuan Dahuang (Rhubarb Radix et Rhizoma, steamed), Chi Shaoyao (Red Peony Root), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Chuan Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Radix) (each 2.5 qian); Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Jingjie Sui (Schizonepetae Spica) (each 2 qian).
Grind the above ingredients into a fine powder. For a one-year-old infant, administer 1 qian with half a cup of water, 1 cun of scallion white, and 1 leaf of Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba). Decoct until one-third remains. Take warm at any time.
Shuangjie Yinzi (Double-Relieving Decoction): This is a combination of Tongsheng San (Unimpeded-Passage Powder) and Liuyi San (Six-to-One Powder). See the section on "Shanghan Taiyang Disease Fever" for the formula details.
Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction): Treats cases where, after seven or eight days following emesis or purgation for Shanghan, pathogenic toxins remain unresolved, with heat binding internally, presenting as simultaneous exterior and interior heat, occasional aversion to wind, extreme thirst, dry tongue with irritability, and a desire to drink several sheng of water; this formula is suitable. It also treats summerheat-stroke in summer, characterized by sweating, aversion to wind and cold, body heat, and thirst.
Ingredients: Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma, 3 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 1 liang), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum, 8 liang, separately ground), Nuomi (Glutinous Rice, 3 he).
Take 2–3 qian per dose. Decoct in water until the rice is cooked.
Xiaochaihu Tang (Minor Bupleurum Decoction): Treats Shanghan and warm diseases with symptoms such as body heat, aversion to wind, headache, neck stiffness, limb pain and irritability, alternating chills and fever, hypochondriac pain, deafness, vomiting, hiccups, and phlegm accumulation. It is also used for summerheat-stroke and malaria. (See "Shanghan Shaoyang Disease" for the formula.)
Commentary: The aforementioned formulas are applicable if there is wind-heat in the Liver and Gallbladder meridians, Liver fire causing scrofula (Luo Li, cervical lymphadenitis), alternating chills and fever, tidal fever in the Shen hour (3–5 PM), anorexia; or anger-induced bitter taste, deafness, cough; or hypochondriac pain and abdominal fullness, dysuria; or diarrhea and vomiting of sour/bitter fluids; or limb convulsions, twitching of lips and eyes. If the nursing mother suffers from these conditions, causing illness in the infant, this formula is also appropriate.
Yu Re (Residual Heat): Refers to residual heat left after cold pathogens have not fully transmitted through the meridians. Renzhai stated: After sweating or purging in Shanghan, if heat recurs, it is due to deficiency in both exterior and interior, Qi failing to return to its root, and Yang floating outward. Coolants should not be used again, as eliminating heat may invite cold; ancients warned against this. The method should harmonize Stomach Qi, allowing Yang to converge inward, so the heat stops naturally. Canling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder) is indicated. [Zeng] noted that in pediatric heat cases, after using exterior-interior resolving drugs, heat subsides but returns. Treatment varies; sometimes re-resolving exterior/interior or using coolants worsens the heat. Analyzing via Yin-Yang, the cause is often deficiency in both exterior and interior with Yang floating outward and Yin hiding inward, causing recurrent heat. Use mild-warm drugs to harmonize the interior, removing surface heat. Qian's Baizhu San (remove Xiang, add Dou) decocted in water, along with Huangqi Liuyi Tang (Astragalus Six-to-One Decoction) and Anshen San (Calming Spirit Powder), will restore balance. If prolonged sweating, irritability, thirst, anorexia, faint/slow pulse, and preference for hot drinks occur, Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) is suitable. Although Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) is warm, it is used to consolidate Yang; combined with Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix Alba, cold), the balance of cold and warm is proper, ensuring efficacy. [Xue] stated: For heat worsening due to blood deficiency after sweating, use Liushen San (Six-God Powder) plus Jingsmi (Glutinous Rice). For aversion to wind and fever due to Qi deficiency after sweating, use Buzhong Yiqi Tang (Middle-Warmer-Boosting and Qi-Invigorating Decoction). For heat due to Yin deficiency with unattached Yang after sweating, use Siwu Tang (Four-Substance Decoction) plus Renshen (Ginseng Radix). For heat due to Yang deficiency with unattached Yin after sweating, use Sijun Tang (Four-Gentlemen Decoction) plus Xiong (Chuanxiong Rhizoma) and Gui (Danggui Radix).
Shipi San (Spleen-Strengthening Powder): Treats persistent residual heat in children.
Ingredients: Chuanxiong (Ligusticum Chuanxiong Rhizoma), Fuling (Poria), Gancao (Licorice Root), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma).
Cut into pieces. Decoct in water. Take well after meals.
Canling Baizhu San (Ginseng, Poria, and Atractylodes Macrocephala Powder): Governs Spleen and Stomach weakness, anorexia, fatigue, shortness of breath, epigastric fullness and stuffiness, belching, vomiting, and regurgitation. This formula is neither cold nor hot, with a balanced nature and flavor. Regular consumption regulates the Spleen, improves complexion, supports healthy Qi, and expels pathogenic factors.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix, de-rhizome), Baifuling (Poria, peeled), Fencacao (Licorice Root), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Bai Biandou (Dolichos Lablab Seed, prepared as before), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, de-black skin), Suosharen (Amomi Fructus Rotundus), Yiyiren (Coicis Semen), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix, cut and fried, each 1 liang), Lianziren (Nelumbinis Semen, de-heart).
Cut, roast, and grind into powder. Take 0.5–1 qian per dose, mixed with date soup on an empty stomach, or with warm rice gruel.
Anshen San (Calming Spirit Powder): Treats mental restlessness and irritability due to Heart deficiency after vomiting/diarrhea, susceptibility to fright, Qi stagnation generating phlegm-fluid, combat between phlegm and Qi, restless sleep, and prevents other complications.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baifuling (Poria), Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma, processed), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried), Chenpi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium, de-white pith), Zhishi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus, processed, each 5 qian).
Cut into pieces. Take 2 qian per dose with 1 cup of water, 2 slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), 1 Zaoju (Jujubae Fructus), and a small ball of Zhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taeniam). Decoct to 70%. Take warm at any time. For slight heat and thirst, add Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, de-heart) and decoct together.
Jianyi Ning Shen San (Simple Calming Spirit Powder from *Jianyi Fang*): Treats recurrent heat in children after sweating/purging. It consolidates Stomach Qi and cools the muscle layer with miraculous effect.
Ingredients: Renshen (Ginseng Radix), Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Baifuling (Poria), Shanyao (Dioscoreae Rhizoma, fried, each 1 liang), Biandou (Dolichos Lablab Seed), Jingsmi (Glutinous Rice), Zhi Mu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma), Shengdihuang (Rehmanniae Radix), Gancao (Licorice Root, each 0.5 liang), Danzhuye (Lophatheri Herba), Digupi (Lycei Cortex), Maidong (Ophiopogonis Radix, each 1 fen).
Grind into fine powder. Take 2 qian with a small cup of water, 2 slices of Shengjiang (Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens), and 1 Zaoju (Jujubae Fructus). Decoct. Take at any time.
Qian's Baizhu San (see "Thirst"), Huangqi Liuyi Tang (Astragalus Six-to-One Decoction) (see "Spontaneous Sweating"), Zhenwu Tang (True Warrior Decoction) (see "Spontaneous Sweating"), Liushen San (Six-God Powder) (see "Night Crying").