治中风痱。身体不能自收。并治但伏不得卧。咳逆上气。面目浮肿。
麻黄 桂枝（千金。局方。俱作桂心） 当归 人参 石膏 干姜
甘草（炙。各三钱） 芎 （一钱） 杏仁（三十枚。千金。作白术）
上九味。水煎。温服。当薄覆脊凭几坐。汗出则愈。不汗更服。无所禁。勿当风。 千金续
命汤无人参。有防风、黄芩、芍药。 续命风引汤。多防己、防风、独活、附子。治中风癫眩不
知人。狂言舌肿出。 千金根据源续命汤。多白术、茯苓、大枣为十二味。
小续命汤（千金） 治中风外显六经形证。
续命汤去石膏。加芍药、防风、黄芩各一钱四分。防己一钱。熟附子七分。生姜五片。大枣
一枚。（崔氏。外台。不用防己大枣） 无汗恶寒。倍麻黄、杏仁。有汗恶风。倍桂枝、芍药。
无汗身热不恶寒。去附子倍甘草加石膏、知母。有汗身热不恶风。倍桂枝、黄芩加葛根。无汗身
凉脉沉细。倍附子加干姜。有汗无热畏寒脉沉。倍桂枝、附子、甘草。肢节挛痛。麻木不仁。脉
缓。加羌活、连翘。（上易老加减法） 张景岳曰。按历代相传。治中风之方。皆以续命等汤为
主。考其所自。则始于金匮要略。附方中有古今录验续命汤。然此必宋时校正之所增。而非仲景
本方也。此自隋唐以来。则孙氏千金方。乃有小续命、大续命、西州续命、排风等汤。故后世宗
之。无不以此为中风主治矣。夫续命汤以麻黄为君。而与姜、桂并用。本发散外邪之方。至小续
命、大续命、西州续命等汤。则复加黄芩以兼桂、附。虽曰相制。而水火冰炭。道本不同。即有
神妙。终非余之心服者。其他无论。独怪乎河间东垣丹溪三子者。既于中风门。皆言此病非风矣
。何于本门并首列小续命汤。而附以加减之法。又何前后之言不相应耶。
千金大续命汤 治中风肥盛。多痰多渴。肢体不遂。
续命汤去人参。加黄芩、荆沥（一作竹沥）
西州续命汤（千金） 治中风痱。身体不能自收。口不能言。冒昧不识人。拘急不能转侧。
大续命汤去荆沥。
千金八风续命汤 治卒中半身不遂。手足拘急。
续命汤去麻黄、芎 加独活、黄芩。水煎。温服覆汗。不得汗。倍麻黄。
千金排风汤 治中风肢体烦疼。皮肤不仁。
续命汤去人参、石膏、干姜。加防风、芍药、白术、茯苓、独活、白鲜皮、生姜。
治疗中风痱（肢体瘫痪、麻木不仁）。身体无法自主控制。同时也治疗只能俯卧不能仰卧，咳嗽气逆，面目浮肿的症状。
麻黄、桂枝（《千金方》和《局方》均写作桂心）、当归、人参、石膏、干姜、甘草（炙，各三钱）、川芎（一钱）、杏仁（三十枚，《千金方》写作白术）。
以上九味药，用水煎煮，温服。服药后应轻轻覆盖背部，靠着几案坐着，出汗则病愈；若不出汗，再服用一次，没有禁忌。但要注意不要对着风。《千金方》的续命汤无人参，有防风、黄芩、芍药。续命风引汤，多用了防己、防风、独活、附子。治疗中风导致的癫狂眩晕、神志不清，胡言乱语，舌肿伸出。《千金方》根据源流的续命汤，多用了白术、茯苓、大枣，共十二味药。
小续命汤（出自《千金方》）：治疗中风在外表现出六经证候的情况。
续命汤去掉石膏，加入芍药、防风、黄芩各一钱四分，防己一钱，熟附子七分，生姜五片，大枣一枚。（崔氏、《外台秘要》不用防己和大枣）。无汗恶寒者，加倍使用麻黄、杏仁；有汗恶风者，加倍使用桂枝、芍药。无汗身热但不恶寒者，去掉附子，加倍甘草，加入石膏、知母；有汗身热但不恶风者，加倍桂枝、黄芩，加入葛根。无汗身凉脉沉细者，加倍附子，加入干姜；有汗无热畏寒且脉沉者，加倍桂枝、附子、甘草。肢节挛痛、麻木不仁、脉缓者，加入羌活、连翘。（以上是易老即张元素的加减法）。张景岳说：按历代相传，治疗中风的方剂，都以续命等汤为主。考证其来源，始于《金匮要略》，附方中有古今录验续命汤。但这必定是宋代校正医书时增补的，并非张仲景的原方。自从隋唐以来，孙思邈的《千金方》就有小续命、大续命、西州续命、排风等汤。所以后世尊崇它，无不将其作为治疗中风的主方。续命汤以麻黄为君药，与干姜、桂枝并用，本是发散外邪的方剂。到了小续命、大续命、西州续命等汤，又加入黄芩来兼制桂枝、附子。虽然说是相互制约，但水火冰炭，道理本不相同。即使有神妙之处，终究不是我心中信服的方法。其他的不必多说，只奇怪河间（刘完素）、东垣（李杲）、丹溪（朱震亨）三位先生，既然在中风门都说过此病非风，为什么在本门并首列小续命汤，并附上加减之法？为什么前后的言论不相呼应呢？
千金大续命汤：治疗中风体型肥胖，多痰多渴，肢体不能随意活动。
西州续命汤（出自《千金方》）：治疗中风痱，身体无法自主控制，口不能说话，头昏目眩不认识人，拘急不能翻身侧卧。
Treats stroke with flaccidity (paralysis and numbness of limbs). The body cannot control itself autonomously. It also treats conditions where one can only lie prone but not supine, coughing with rebellious Qi, and edema of the face and eyes.
Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄), Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) [Qianjin Fang and Ju Fang both write as Cinnamomi Cortex (Guixin, 桂心)], Angelicae Sinensis Radix (Danggui, 当归), Ginseng Radix (Renshen, 人参), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Ganjiang, 干姜), Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草) [Roasted, each 3 qian], Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎) [1 qian], Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁) [30 seeds, Qianjin Fang writes as Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术)].
The above nine ingredients are decocted in water and taken warm. After taking the medicine, one should lightly cover the back, sit leaning against a table, and if sweat appears, the illness will be cured; if no sweat appears, take another dose without prohibition. However, avoid exposure to wind. Qianjin Fang's Xuming Tang lacks Renshen but includes Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), and Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药). Xuming Fengyin Tang additionally uses Arecae Semens Preparatum (Fangji, 防己 - *Note: Context implies Polygalae Radix or similar diuretic/damp-draining herb often translated as Fangji in TCM context, specifically here likely Polygalae Radix*), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duohuo, 独活), and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Fuzi, 附子). It treats stroke-induced mania, dizziness, loss of consciousness, delirium, and swollen tongue protruding. Qianjin Fang's Xuming Tang based on sources additionally uses Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), and Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣), totaling twelve ingredients.
Xiao Xuming Tang (from Qianjin Fang): Treats stroke manifesting with syndromes of the six meridians externally.
Remove Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) from Xuming Tang, add Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药), Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) each 1.4 qian, Arecae Semens Preparatum (Fangji, 防己) 1 qian, Prepared Aconiti Lateralis Radix (Shu Fuzi, 熟附子) 0.7 qian, Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜) 5 slices, and Jujubae Fructus (Dazao, 大枣) 1 piece. (Cui Shi and Waitai Mi Yao do not use Fangji and Dazao). For those with no sweat and aversion to cold, double Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) and Armeniacae Semen Amarum (Xingren, 杏仁); for those with sweat and aversion to wind, double Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) and Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药). For those with no sweat, fever, but no aversion to cold, remove Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Fuzi, 附子), double Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草), and add Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏) and Anemarrhenae Rhizoma (Zhimu, 知母); for those with sweat, fever, but no aversion to wind, double Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩), and add Puerariae Radix (Gegen, 葛根). For those with no sweat, cool body, and deep thin pulse, double Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Fuzi, 附子) and add Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Ganjiang, 干姜); for those with sweat, no fever, aversion to cold, and deep pulse, double Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝), Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Fuzi, 附子), and Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma (Gancao, 甘草). For joint spasms, pain, numbness, insensitivity, and slow pulse, add Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix (Qianghuo, 羌活) and Forsythiae Fructus (Lianqiao, 连翘). (These are the modification methods by Yi Lao, i.e., Zhang Yuansu). Zhang Jingyue said: According to generations of transmission, formulas for treating stroke all prioritize Xuming Tang and similar decoctions. Examining their origin, it begins with Jin Gui Yao Lue, which contains Gujin Luyian Xuming Tang in its attached formulas. However, this must have been added during the Song Dynasty medical book corrections, and is not Zhongjing's original formula. Since the Sui and Tang dynasties, Sun Simiao's Qianjin Fang has had Xiao Xuming, Da Xuming, Xizhou Xuming, and Paifeng Tang. Thus, later generations revered them and universally regarded these as the main treatments for stroke. Xuming Tang uses Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) as the sovereign drug, used together with Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Ganjiang, 干姜) and Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝), originally a formula to disperse external pathogens. In Xiao Xuming, Da Xuming, and Xizhou Xuming Tangs, Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) is added to counteract Cinnamomi Ramulus (Guizhi, 桂枝) and Aconiti Lateralis Radix Preparata (Fuzi, 附子). Although it is said to be mutual restraint, water and fire, ice and charcoal, follow fundamentally different principles. Even if miraculous, it is ultimately not what I personally accept. Let alone others, I am particularly surprised that Hejian (Liu Wansu), Dongyuan (Li Gao), and Danxi (Zhu Zhenheng) stated in the Stroke section that this disease is not due to wind, yet they list Xiao Xuming Tang first in this section and attach modification methods. Why are their preceding and subsequent statements inconsistent?
Qianjin Da Xuming Tang: Treats stroke in obese individuals with excessive phlegm and thirst, and inability to move limbs freely.
Remove Ginseng Radix (Renshen, 人参) from Xuming Tang, add Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩) and Phragmitis Caulis Juice (Jingli, 荆沥) [or Bamboo Juice (Zhuli, 竹沥)].
Xizhou Xuming Tang (from Qianjin Fang): Treats stroke with flaccidity, inability to control the body, inability to speak, dizziness and confusion with failure to recognize people, stiffness and inability to turn over.
Da Xuming Tang removes Phragmitis Caulis Juice (Jingli, 荆沥).
Qianjin Bafeng Xuming Tang: Treats apoplexy resulting in hemiplegia and spasticity of hands and feet.
Remove Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄) and Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma (Chuanxiong, 川芎) from Xuming Tang, add Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duohuo, 独活) and Scutellariae Radix (Huangqin, 黄芩). Decoct in water, take warm, cover to induce sweat. If sweat does not occur, double Ephedrae Herba (Mahuang, 麻黄).
Qianjin Paifeng Tang: Treats stroke with painful limbs and skin numbness/insensitivity.
Remove Ginseng Radix (Renshen, 人参), Gypsum Fibrosum (Shigao, 石膏), and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Ganjiang, 干姜) from Xuming Tang, add Saposhnikoviae Radix (Fangfeng, 防风), Paeoniae Radix Alba (Shaoyao, 芍药), Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma (Baizhu, 白术), Poria (Fuling, 茯苓), Angelicae Pubescentis Radix (Duohuo, 独活), Dictamni Cortex (Baixianpi, 白鲜皮), and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Shengjiang, 生姜).