三官大帝 雷府 刘天君撰惜字垂训,求禄求名求嗣,功惟惜字为先。昔巳职之文帝,吾今复何赘焉。
但见世人扰扰,贫穷困 盈前,大半非他过恶,秽污字纸 愆,虽有训文广劝,终无一士心坚。小子矜
驰佻达,老成狃习安闲,敬奉未闻一二,毁残殆有万千。或以糊房衬裹,或以裹物取便,
或以残章委弃,或以零字沦淹,或以习书桌几,或以带上厕边,或以临时拭秽,或以糊衬蚕笾,种种
罪深辜积,一一上奏帝前,罚令此曹受报,疾厄禁锢相牵,农贾鄙俚无减,士夫荣禄难延,大则灭身灭嗣
,小则夺纪夺年。吾今下哀蠢尔,特为奉 降骈,普劝世间士子,遵行须要虔虔,毋论经书史子,毋论
野史稗官,毋论缃函茧帙,毋论断简残编,毋论长篇累牍,毋论只字片言,务必尽加护惜。勿因俗论避
嫌,始则焚诸火内,继则送去流泉。不可因循苟免,不可时日耽延。急急奉行一月,寸心复旧光鲜。急
急奉行一载,本身科甲蝉联。急急奉行一世,此生名列上仙,实有如斯果报,非吾虚语取妍。倘有痴蠢野狼
子,敢为诽谤憎嫌,吾已奉旨专事,立时雷火熬煎。今特广为传示,子其代我布宣∶检拾字纸,随在烧化,
固属敬惜。但惜字戒内有曰∶勿于灶内烧灰,勿烧灰仍弃于地,未读此戒而不犯者鲜矣。因思物聚于
所好,一人检取有限,似不若劝人。一法颇善,凡亲友许酬,神愿演戏者,何不竟许焚字纸数百斤,或
数千斤,随力随愿。此法可贴一字条于空铺内,收卖每斤给钱一二分,彼市徒知其价,无不检来。
无论城乡,俱可行之。盖神戏,原欲广劝愚顽,岂料近今演戏,俱非正经,反教不善,定干阴,谴何冀降
福。若能遵此,了酬愿心者,有祷必应矣。买到焚时,恐飞灰弃地。若无字炉处,可于地下挖一坑,
旁留洞出烟,上盖破锅,将字由锅破处入烧为妥,烧过用净水泼浇,再用细蒲包,或油纸盛灰,每
包内放石或砖一块,将绳捆好,送大江大河急水中,听其流去,包内有砖,不致漂流岸边。
店铺招纸等项,每多花、字相间,小儿性爱花纸顽耍,扯碎抛弃,岂不造孽。须用者,将花、字分
开,或在上下左
右,庶大人见时,可将字裁去,不致糟塌。
庙宇许愿上幡,僧道每卖与人,染作茶棚、风矾,并有改为被褥,字迹亵渎,俱罹大罪,今后施
挂,惟祈将剪字缝于幡上,总属心愿。倘有出资收买焚化者,以杜后弊,功德更难量矣。
道路抛弃字纸,见宜收拾。而墙壁披挂者,及碗底并伞柄、笔梗、扇面有字破碎者,俱宜收惜。
凡一切字簿,勿与妇女为针线本,勿令小儿顽耍。
“HT ”字,即古万字,考(《字汇》)云∶HT 字,古佛胸中吉祥之相,人皆不知,或绣或画,杂于秽
处,甚且织绣于绸绫上,或为衫裤,或为被褥,岂非不敬人,多不察,特为广布∶
凡做佛事,须备小缸两只,一化元宝冥镪,一化文疏纸马。盖字虽焚化,其迹不灭,纸灰沾地,罪
过实甚。若遇僧道,亦须劝导。
我等举议,施送字笼,笼面签上将要条刊一二则,或另刻一张同送书馆之处广劝,凡乐善君子,亦可遵此办理。
三官大帝、雷府刘天君撰写了《惜字垂训》,指出在祈求俸禄、功名和子嗣时,唯有珍惜字纸是首要的功德。过去已有文昌帝君的事迹作为典范,我不再多言。
只是看到世人忙碌纷扰,贫穷困顿往往摆在眼前,这大半并非因为其他的过错或罪恶,而是因为污损字纸所积累的罪过。虽然有过许多劝诫的文章广泛流传,但最终没有一个人能坚定心意去践行。年轻人轻浮放纵,老年人习惯于安逸闲散,对于恭敬奉行的道理连一二都不知晓,而毁坏残损字纸的行为却多达万千。有的人用字纸糊窗户做衬垫,有的人用它包裹物品图方便,有的人随意丢弃残缺的书章,有的人让零碎的字迹沉没淹溺,有的人把它当作习字的书桌几案,有的人把它带在身上甚至放在厕所旁边,有的人临时用来擦拭污秽,有的人用它来糊衬蚕匾。种种罪行深重,罪孽积累,一一上奏到天帝面前,惩罚这些人遭受报应,疾病灾厄与禁锢相互牵连,农民商人地位卑微且无减损,士大夫的荣耀福禄也难以延续。大的后果是灭身绝后,小的后果是剥夺寿命年限。我现在哀怜愚昧无知的人,特意降下这篇骈文,普遍劝告世间的读书人,遵循实行必须虔诚。不论经书史籍,不论野史稗官,不论精美的书箱茧帙,不论断简残编,不论长篇累牍,不论只字片言,务必全部加以爱护珍惜。不要因为世俗的议论避嫌,开始时将其投入火中焚烧,随后将灰烬送入流动的水中。不可以因循守旧苟且免祸,不可以拖延时日。急忙奉行一个月,内心恢复旧日的光洁鲜明;急忙奉行一年,自身科甲功名接连不断;急忙奉行一世,此生名字列入上仙名录。确实有这样的果报,不是我虚夸取悦于人。如果有痴愚野蛮的子民,敢于诽谤憎嫌,我已经奉旨专门从事此事,立刻用雷火煎熬他们。现在特别广泛地传示,希望你们代我布告宣扬:捡拾字纸,随处烧化,固然属于恭敬珍惜。但是惜字戒律中说:不要在灶内烧成灰,不要将烧成的灰仍然丢弃在地上,没有读过这条戒律而不犯此错的人很少。考虑到事物聚集于人的喜好,一个人捡取有限,似乎不如劝人多做的方法很好。凡是亲友许愿酬谢神灵希望演戏的,为什么不干脆允许他们焚烧数百斤或数千斤字纸,根据力量和愿望而定。这个方法可以在空店铺内贴一张字条,收购每斤给钱一二分,那些市井之徒知道价格后,没有不捡来的。无论城乡,都可以推行。因为神戏,原本是为了广泛劝化愚顽之人,岂料近来的演戏,都不是正经事,反而教人不善,必定招致阴谴,哪里还期望降福。如果能遵照这个办法,完成许愿心愿的,有祈祷必定回应。买到字纸焚烧时,恐怕飞灰被弃在地上。如果没有专门的惜字炉,可以在地下挖一个坑,旁边留洞排烟,上面盖一口破锅,将字纸从锅的破损处放入燃烧为妥,烧过后用净水泼浇,再用细蒲包或油纸盛装灰烬,每个包内放一块石头或砖头,将绳子捆好,送到大江大河急流中,听任其流走,包内有砖,不会漂流到岸边。店铺招牌纸张等项,大多花纹、文字相间,小孩子天性喜爱花纸玩耍,扯碎抛弃,岂不是造孽。需要使用时,将花、字分开,或者在上下左右位置,这样大人看见时,可以将字裁去,不至于糟蹋。庙宇许愿挂幡,僧道常常卖给人,染作茶棚、风矾,并有改为被褥的,字迹受到亵渎,都遭受大罪,今后施挂,只求将剪下的字缝在幡上,总算是心愿。如果有出资收买焚化的,以杜绝后来的弊端,功德更难估量。道路上抛弃的字纸,看见应该收拾。而墙壁上张贴悬挂的,以及碗底并伞柄、笔梗、扇面上有字破碎的,都应该收集珍惜。凡是一切字簿,不要给妇女做针线本,不要让小儿玩耍。
“卍”字,即古万字,考证(《字汇》)说:“卍”字,是古佛胸中的吉祥之相,人们都不知道,或者绣或者画,混杂在污秽的地方,甚至织绣在绸绫上,或者做成衫裤,或者做成被褥,难道不是不敬人吗?大家多不考察,特地广泛布告:
凡做佛事,须准备两只小缸,一只化元宝冥镪,一只化文疏纸马。因为字虽然焚化,其痕迹不灭,纸灰沾地,罪过实在很深。如果遇到僧道,也必须劝导。
我们提议,施送字笼,笼面签上将要条刊印一两条,或者另刻一张同送给书馆之处广泛劝告,凡是乐善君子,也可以遵照这个办理。
The Three Officials Great Emperors and Liu Tianjun of the Thunder Department composed the "Instructions on Cherishing Written Characters," stating that when seeking salary, fame, or offspring, cherishing written characters is the foremost merit. In the past, the Wenchang Emperor's deeds served as a model; I have nothing more to add.
However, seeing people bustling and confused, with poverty and hardship often before them, this is mostly not due to other faults or evils, but rather the sins accumulated from defiling written characters. Although many admonitory articles have been widely circulated, ultimately no one has firmly resolved to practice them. The young are frivolous and unrestrained, while the elderly are accustomed to ease and leisure; they have heard little or nothing about reverent observance, yet acts of destroying and damaging written characters number in the thousands. Some use them to paste windows as lining, some to wrap items for convenience, some discard broken chapters at will, some let scattered characters sink and drown, some use them as desks for practicing writing, some carry them on their belts or place them near toilets, some use them temporarily to wipe filth, some use them to line silkworm trays. Such deep sins and accumulated guilt are reported one by one before the Heavenly Emperor, punishing these individuals with retribution, where illness and disaster are linked with confinement. Farmers and merchants remain lowly without reduction, while scholars and officials find it difficult to extend their glory and official rank. The greater consequence is destruction of body and lineage, the lesser is deprivation of lifespan and years. Now, out of compassion for the ignorant, I specially descend this parallel-prose text to universally advise the scholars of the world: follow and practice with utmost piety. Regardless of classics and histories, wild histories and minor works, fine book boxes and silk bindings, broken slips and fragmented volumes, long essays or short phrases, ensure all are carefully protected and cherished. Do not avoid suspicion due to secular opinions; initially burn them in fire, then send the ashes to flowing springs. Do not be negligent and seek to evade responsibility, do not delay time. Urgently practice for one month, and your heart will regain its former brightness; urgently practice for one year, and your scholarly success will follow in succession; urgently practice for a lifetime, and your name will be listed among the High Immortals. Indeed, such is the retribution, not my empty words for flattery. If there are foolish and barbaric subjects who dare to slander and detest, I have received orders to specifically handle this matter, subjecting them immediately to roasting by thunder and fire. Now I specially disseminate this widely, asking you to proclaim on my behalf: collect written characters and burn them wherever found, which certainly belongs to reverent cherishing. But the precepts of cherishing characters state: do not burn them into ash in the stove, do not still discard the ash on the ground. Few have read this precept and not committed this error. Considering that things gather according to one's preferences, one person collecting is limited; it seems better to persuade others. This method is quite good. For relatives and friends who vow to repay deities by staging operas, why not simply allow them to burn hundreds or thousands of jin of written characters, according to their ability and wish. This method can be posted as a notice in an empty shop, purchasing at one or two cents per jin; market vendors knowing the price will surely bring them. Whether in cities or countryside, this can be implemented. Divine operas originally intended to widely admonish the ignorant and stubborn, but who would expect that recent operas are not orthodox, instead teaching what is bad, inevitably incurring hidden condemnation, let alone hoping for blessings. If one can follow this method to fulfill vows, prayers will surely be answered. When buying to burn, fear flying ash being discarded on the ground. If there is no dedicated character furnace, dig a pit in the ground, leave a hole on the side for smoke to escape, cover with a broken pot, and insert written characters through the break in the pot to burn properly. After burning, sprinkle with clean water, then store the ash in fine cattail bags or oil paper. Place a stone or brick in each bag, tie the rope well, and send to the rapid waters of great rivers, letting it flow away. With bricks inside, the bags will not drift to the shore. Shop signs and papers often have flowers and characters intermixed; children naturally love playing with flowered paper, tearing and discarding it, which creates sin. When needed, separate the flowers and characters, or position them top, bottom, left, right, so that adults can cut off the characters upon seeing them, preventing waste. Temple banners vowed for wishes are often sold by monks and Taoists to others, dyed into tea sheds or wind screens, or even changed into quilts, where characters are profaned, incurring great sin. From now on, when hanging them, only request cutting the characters and sewing them onto the banner, which fulfills the vow. If there are those who contribute funds to buy and burn them, to prevent future abuses, the merit is immeasurable. Written characters discarded on roads should be collected when seen. Those pasted on walls, or on the bottoms of bowls, umbrella handles, pen stems, and fan surfaces with broken characters, should all be collected and cherished. All kinds of character books must not be used by women as needlework pads, nor allowed for children to play with.
The "Wan" (卍) character, i.e., the ancient ten-thousand character, according to research ("Zihui"): The "Wan" character is an auspicious mark on the chest of the ancient Buddha, unknown to people. It is embroidered or painted, mixed in filthy places, or even woven/embroidered on silk and satin, made into shirts and trousers, or quilts. Is this not disrespectful? People rarely examine this closely. I specially disseminate this widely:
When performing Buddhist rites, prepare two small vats: one for burning ingots and underworld currency, one for burning documents and paper horses. Although characters are burned, their traces do not disappear; paper ash sticking to the ground incurs serious sin. If encountering monks or Taoists, also advise them.
We propose distributing character baskets, with one or two key rules printed on the basket tags, or carving another sheet to distribute alongside books to widely admonish. Any benevolent gentlemen may also follow this procedure.