一凡云拿者,总言以医手在儿经穴,以用诸法也。推者医指按经穴挤而上下之也,掐者医指在儿经穴入而
向后出也;搓者医指在儿经穴往来摩之也;摇者或于儿头,或于儿手,使之动也;摄者医以两指摄儿皮,微用力
而略动也;扯者于儿皮轻轻频摄之,而频弃之也;揉者医以指按儿经穴,不离其处而旋转之也;运者医以指于
儿经穴,由此往彼也;刮者医指挨儿皮肤,略加力而下也;分者以两手之指,由儿经穴划向两边也;和者医以两
手之指,由儿两处经穴,合于中间一处也。医者于用法时,具全副善念慈心,无半点浮词躁之,则一切神而明
之,存乎其人矣。
一凡为推拿法医者,己之大指,不可修留爪甲,但以指头肉用力,有爪甲则为伤儿皮肤矣。医者最宜轻稳,莫
致儿皮肤疼痛。
一儿病重者,医人以麝香粘己指;轻者,以葱姜水浸己指,则用一切法,始可开闭窍。
一推拿法须在下午半日为之。盖上半日阳气正盛,在儿关窍推拿,多不能入。
一指头箕斗旋纹处有火。若治儿热症,医者可用大指尖,勿将指头箕斗纹处推拿。
一是书未注明所推拿之数,以儿有大小强弱之异,病有轻重之殊。儿之大者强者,病之重者,用数多;儿之小
者弱者,病之轻者,用数少。多则用几百,少者用几十。
一是书原指某脏某腑,寒则用某法,热则用某法,虚者用某法,实者用某法。若素全不明医理,何能辨寒热虚
实,倘或错用,亦能为害,故认症宜真。
一、所谓“拿”和“掐”,总括来说,就是医生用手指作用于小儿的经络穴位,从而运用各种手法。所谓“推”,是医生的手指在小儿的经络穴位上按压并上下移动;所谓“掐”,是医生的手指在小儿的经络穴位上向内切入而后向外拔出;所谓“搓”,是医生的手指在小儿的经络穴位上来回摩擦;所谓“摇”,是在小儿头部或手部,使其产生运动;所谓“摄”,是医生用两个手指捏起小儿的皮肤,稍微用力并轻微晃动;所谓“扯”,是在小儿皮肤上轻轻频繁地捏起又放下;所谓“揉”,是医生用手指按住小儿的经络穴位,不离开该位置而进行旋转动作;所谓“运”,是医生用手指在小儿的经络穴位上,由此处移动到彼处;所谓“刮”,是医生的手指贴着小儿皮肤,略微加力向下刮动;所谓“分”,是用双手的手指,从小儿的经络穴位向两边划开;所谓“合”,是医生用双手的手指,将小儿两处经络穴位的操作汇聚到中间一处。医生在使用这些手法时,必须具备完整的善意和慈悲之心,不能有半点轻浮急躁之语,那么一切神奇奥妙的效果,都取决于施术者本人了。
二、凡是从事推拿治疗的医生,自己的大拇指指甲不可修剪保留过长,只能以指腹肉着力,如果有指甲就会损伤小儿的皮肤。医生最适宜手法轻柔且稳重,不要导致小儿皮肤疼痛。
三、如果小儿病情严重,医生可用麝香粘在手指上;如果病情较轻,可用葱和姜的水浸泡手指,这样使用各种手法,才能开通闭塞的窍道。
四、推拿手法必须在下午半天进行。因为上午阳气正旺盛,此时在小儿的关窍进行推拿,大多不能深入渗透。
五、手指指尖螺纹处有火气(易生热)。如果治疗小儿的热症,医生可用大指尖操作,但不要使用指尖螺纹处进行推拿。
六、本书未注明具体的推拿次数,因为小儿有大小强弱的差异,疾病有轻重的不同。小儿体型大且强壮、病情重的,使用的次数多;小儿体型小且虚弱、病情轻的,使用的次数少。多的可达几百次,少的仅几十次。
七、本书原本针对某脏某腑,寒证用某种方法,热证用某种方法,虚证用某种方法,实证用某种方法。如果平时完全不懂医理,怎么能辨别寒热虚实呢?倘若错误使用,也会造成危害,因此辨证必须准确真实。
1. The terms "Na" (Grasping) and "Qia" (Pinching) generally refer to the application of various techniques by the physician's fingers on the child's acupoints along the meridians. "Tui" (Pushing) involves the physician's finger pressing on the child's meridian acupoints and moving up and down; "Qia" (Pinching/Pressing) refers to the physician's finger entering into the child's meridian acupoint and then withdrawing backward; "Cuo" (Rubbing) is the back-and-forth friction of the physician's finger on the child's meridian acupoints; "Yao" (Shaking) causes movement in the child's head or hand; "She" (Lifting/Pinching skin) involves the physician using two fingers to lift the child's skin with slight force and minimal movement; "Che" (Pulling/Tugging) consists of lightly and frequently lifting and releasing the child's skin; "Rou" (Kneading) is when the physician presses a finger on the child's meridian acupoint, rotating it without leaving the spot; "Yun" (Circling/Moving) is when the physician moves their finger from one meridian acupoint to another on the child; "Gua" (Scraping) involves the physician's finger gliding along the child's skin with slight downward pressure; "Fen" (Separating) uses the fingers of both hands to stroke outward from a child's meridian acupoint to both sides; "He" (Joining) brings the manipulation from two separate meridian acupoints on the child together to a central point. When applying these techniques, the physician must possess complete goodwill and compassion, avoiding any frivolous or impatient words. Thus, all miraculous effects depend entirely on the practitioner.
2. Physicians practicing Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) should not keep long fingernails on their thumbs; force should be applied using the fleshy part of the fingertip, as nails can injure the child's skin. The physician's technique should be light and steady to avoid causing pain to the child's skin.
3. For severe pediatric conditions, the physician may apply Moschus (Musk) to their fingers; for mild conditions, they may soak their fingers in water infused with Allii Fistulosi Rhizoma (Green Onion) and Zingiberis Rhizoma Recens (Fresh Ginger). This allows the various techniques to effectively open blocked orifices.
4. Pediatric Tuina should be performed during the afternoon half-day. During the morning, Yang Qi (Vital Energy) is at its peak, making it difficult for manipulations on the child's acupoints to penetrate deeply.
5. The whorls at the fingertips contain fire (heat). When treating pediatric heat syndromes, the physician should use the tip of the thumb but avoid using the whorl area of the fingertip for manipulation.
6. This book does not specify the exact number of manipulations because children vary in size and strength, and diseases differ in severity. More repetitions are used for larger, stronger children with severe conditions, while fewer repetitions are used for smaller, weaker children with mild conditions. The count ranges from dozens to hundreds.
7. This book originally indicated specific methods for certain Zang-Fu organs based on patterns: cold syndromes require specific methods, heat syndromes require others, deficiency syndromes require tonification, and excess syndromes require sedation. Without a fundamental understanding of medical principles, one cannot distinguish between cold, heat, deficiency, and excess. Incorrect application can cause harm; therefore, pattern differentiation must be accurate.