〔总论〕 大凡齿牙疼。属手足阳明胃经之风热上侵。虚火上炎而发者。有热。有风。
有寒。有虫。有湿热。皆能作痛。清火除热诛虫之法。备列于下。
〔风热牙痛主方〕 石膏。（三五钱。年壮火盛者生用五七钱。）荆芥。防风。丹皮。
（各一钱）生地。（二钱）青皮。（六分虚弱者勿用）生甘草。（五分）如上正四门牙痛属心
火。加
黄连。（炒八分）麦冬。（一钱半）下正四门牙痛属肾火。加知母。（盐水炒）黄柏。（炒各一
钱）
上两边虎牙痛属胃火。加白芷。（八分）川芎。（一钱）下两边虎牙痛属脾火。加白术。（八
分）
白芍。（一钱二分）上左边尽牙痛属胆火。加羌活。胆草。（各八分）下左边尽牙痛属肝火。
加
柴胡。（八分）黑山栀。（一钱）上右边尽牙痛属大肠火。加大黄。（酒炒）枳壳。（各一钱）
下右
边尽牙痛属肺火。加黄芩。（酒炒）桔梗。（各一钱）按经加药。再加灯心廿根。水煎。食远
温
服三剂即愈。忌油腻、煎炒、鸭蛋、糟、醋、等物。
〔牙痛清胃汤〕 石膏。（三钱）生地。（三钱）黄连。（一钱）丹皮。当归。（各一钱
五
分）升麻。（五分）水煎服。 凤头荔枝一个。（或桂圆亦可。）将壳上开一孔。入盐填满。（火
烟尽出火毒。）研细搽痛处。略含片时。再以防风。甘草。细辛。浮麦。（各一钱）煎汤漱
口即止。如风虫牙痛。加花椒同煎。
〔风火牙痛〕 黄连末同生姜捣烂。塞痛处即止。 香蕈蒂捣碎。浸湿贴痛处即止。 粗
碗一只用薄荷铺底。樟脑盖面。覆碗一只于上。盐泥封固。文武火 一炷香取出。研细出火
毒。每用一二厘擦牙根即止。如虫牙用川椒铺底。 白蒺藜一钱。冰片半分。同研细。痛时
擦之。
〔虫牙痛〕 韭菜子煎浓汤漱之。虫自出。 贯众一两。以米醋两碗多煮如左牙痛侧左
边。右痛右 。不宜吃。 松脂烘软塞孔中。少顷虫出在脂上。 五灵脂如米粒大三粒。
令咬在疼牙上。少顷以温水漱出小虫即止。
〔虚火齿痛〕 诸药不效。用人参二三分贴患处。即止。 附子五七分研末。以津唾调
涂足心。引火归原。即止。
〔擦齿至验方〕 无论风火虫痛。初用生明矾。（六两）生石膏。（四两）共研细。早晚
擦
牙。（一料擦完。矾加二两。石膏减二两。渐渐用生矾一味。）常年不可间断。终身无牙痛之
患。 风牙诸药不效。用凤头荔枝连壳烧存性。擦牙至验。
〔取痛牙法〕 白马尾。（烧灰存性）用新笔蘸一二厘。点牙根上即落。勿沾着好齿。 腊
月取大鲫鱼一尾。用白砒。为细末。装入鱼腹中。挂当风处。其霜吐出鳞上。扫下收之。每
用半厘点在牙根。即刻自落不痛。
〔牙宣血〕 经霜丝瓜筋火 存性。研细擦上即止。 苦竹茹以醋浸一宿。含之即止。 牙
宣而痛甚者。用丝瓜藤一握。川椒一撮。灯心一把。水煎浓汁。漱吐即止。 牙缝出血不止
。用纸燃蘸蟾酥少许。插入出血处立止。
内服薄荷。花粉。连翘。桔梗。参玄。木通。葛根。（各一钱）甘草。（五分）水煎服。 凡
牙宣服凉药不效者。又宜滋肾水。泻相火。即愈。（外以香附同青盐炒黑色为末擦之。）
〔虚火牙痛出血牙龈痛痒〕 骨碎补。（二两炒黑色为末）早晨漱久吐出。临睡再擦勿
漱。
候津满口咽之即愈。 骨碎补。（捣烂豆大一团。）用绢包塞牙痛上立止痛。
〔鹅口牙烂〕 满口黄皮肿烂。鹅口皮。（三个）儿茶。马子碱。（ 研）各等分。加冰
片
二分研匀。搽上自愈。 凡牙龈烂不论大人小儿。用人中白 研糁上最效。
〔牙痛灸法〕 独大蒜。（一个）蓖麻子。（七粒）樟脑。（一钱）同研碎敷在大指根背
上穴。
（左痛敷右指。右痛敷左指。）痒即去之。不论风火虫痛。皆效。 大蒜铅粉同捣烂。照法
敷
灸。治牙痛甚效。
【总论】大凡牙齿疼痛，多属于手足阳明胃经的风热上侵，或因虚火上炎而引发。病因包括有热、有风、有寒、有虫、有湿热，这些都能导致疼痛。清火、除热、杀虫的方法，详细列举如下。
【风热牙痛主方】石膏（三至五钱，年壮火盛者生用五至七钱）、荆芥、防风、丹皮（各一钱）、生地（二钱）、青皮（六分，虚弱者勿用）、生甘草（五分）。若以上正四门牙痛属心火，加黄连（炒八分）、麦冬（一钱半）；下正四门牙痛属肾火，加知母（盐水炒）、黄柏（炒各一钱）；上两边虎牙痛属胃火，加白芷（八分）、川芎（一钱）；下两边虎牙痛属脾火，加白术（八分）、白芍（一钱二分）；上左边尽牙痛属胆火，加羌活、胆草（各八分）；下左边尽牙痛属肝火，加柴胡（八分）、黑山栀（一钱）；上右边尽牙痛属大肠火，加大黄（酒炒）、枳壳（各一钱）；下右边尽牙痛属肺火，加黄芩（酒炒）、桔梗（各一钱）。按照经络加减药物后，再加灯心草二十根，水煎，饭后温服三剂即可痊愈。忌食油腻、煎炒、鸭蛋、糟制品、醋等物。
【牙痛清胃汤】石膏（三钱）、生地（三钱）、黄连（一钱）、丹皮、当归（各一钱五分）、升麻（五分），水煎服。另取凤头荔枝一个（或桂圆亦可），在壳上开一孔，填入盐填满（待火烟尽出以去火毒），研细搽于痛处，略含片刻。再以防风、甘草、细辛、浮小麦（各一钱）煎汤漱口，疼痛即止。若是风虫牙痛，加花椒同煎。
【风火牙痛】将黄连末与生姜捣烂，塞入痛处，疼痛即止。或将香蕈蒂捣碎，浸湿后贴于痛处，疼痛即止。取粗碗一只，用薄荷铺底，樟脑盖面，再覆一只碗于上，用盐泥封固，用文武火熏烤一炷香时间取出，研细以去火毒。每次用一二厘擦牙根，疼痛即止。若是虫牙，可用川椒铺底。另取白蒺藜一钱、冰片半分，同研细，痛时擦之。
【虫牙痛】用韭菜子煎浓汤漱口，虫子自会出来。取贯众一两，用两碗多米醋煮至浓缩，左牙痛则侧身向左，右牙痛则侧身向右（不宜吃）。或用松脂烘软塞入虫孔中，片刻后虫子会爬在松脂上。或用五灵脂如米粒大三粒，令患者咬在疼牙上，片刻后用温水漱出小虫，疼痛即止。
【虚火齿痛】诸药无效时，用人参二三分贴于患处，疼痛即止。或用附子五七分研末，以津唾调涂足心，引火归原，疼痛即止。
【擦齿至验方】无论风火虫痛，初用时用生明矾（六两）、生石膏（四两），共研细，早晚擦牙。（一料擦完后，矾加二两，石膏减二两，渐渐只用生矾一味。）常年不可间断，终身无牙痛之患。若是风牙诸药无效，用凤头荔枝连壳烧存性，擦牙极效。
【取痛牙法】取白马尾（烧灰存性），用新笔蘸取一二厘，点于牙根上，牙齿即刻脱落。注意勿沾着好齿。腊月取大鲫鱼一条，用白砒研为细末，装入鱼腹中，挂在当风处，其霜吐出在鳞上，扫下收之。每次用半厘点在牙根，牙齿即刻自落且不痛。
【牙宣血】经霜丝瓜筋火煅存性，研细擦上，出血即止。或用苦竹茹以醋浸一宿，含之，出血即止。若是牙宣且痛甚者，用丝瓜藤一握、川椒一撮、灯心一把，水煎浓汁，漱口吐出，出血即止。若是牙缝出血不止，用纸点燃蘸少许蟾酥，插入出血处，立止。内服薄荷、花粉、连翘、桔梗、参玄、木通、葛根（各一钱）、甘草（五分），水煎服。凡是牙宣服用凉药无效者，又宜滋肾水、泻相火，即可痊愈。（外用香附同青盐炒黑色为末擦之。）
【虚火牙痛出血牙龈痛痒】骨碎补（二两炒黑色为末），早晨漱口久含后吐出，临睡再擦不漱口，候津液满口咽下，即可痊愈。或用骨碎补（捣烂如豆大一团），用绢包塞于牙痛处，立刻止痛。
【鹅口牙烂】满口黄皮肿烂，用鹅口皮（三个）、儿茶、马子碱（研），各等分，加冰片二分研匀，搽上自愈。凡是牙龈烂，不论大人小孩，用人中白研粉撒在上面最效。
【牙痛灸法】独大蒜（一个）、蓖麻子（七粒）、樟脑（一钱），同研碎敷在大指根背上的穴（左痛敷右指，右痛敷左指），痒即去掉。无论风火虫痛，皆有效。或用大蒜铅粉同捣烂，照此法敷灸，治牙痛甚效。
[General Discussion] Generally, toothache is attributed to wind-heat invading the Hand and Foot Yangming Stomach Meridians, or arising from deficiency fire flaming upward. Etiologies include heat, wind, cold, parasites (worms), and damp-heat, all of which can cause pain. Methods for clearing fire, removing heat, and killing parasites are listed below.
[Main Formula for Wind-Heat Toothache] Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (3-5 qian; for robust individuals with excessive fire, use raw form 5-7 qian), Jingjie (Schizonepetae Herba), Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Danpi (Moutan Cortex), each 1 qian; Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix) 2 qian; Qingpi (Aurantii Fructus Immaturus) 6 fen (do not use for deficient persons); Sheng Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) 5 fen. If pain in the upper four central incisors is due to Heart Fire, add Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (stir-fried 8 fen) and Maidong (Ophiopogonis Tuber) (1.5 qian). If pain in the lower four central incisors is due to Kidney Fire, add Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma) (stir-fried with salt water) and Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex) (stir-fried, each 1 qian). If pain in the upper two canine teeth is due to Stomach Fire, add Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix) (8 fen) and Chuanxiong (Ligustici Chuanxiong Rhizoma) (1 qian). If pain in the lower two canine teeth is due to Spleen Fire, add Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma) (8 fen) and Baishao (Paeoniae Radix Alba) (1.2 qian). If pain in the upper left posterior molars is due to Gallbladder Fire, add Qianghuo (Notopterygii Rhizoma et Radix) and Danshen (not specified, likely referring to a specific herb like Longdancao but text says "Dan Cao", assuming Longdancao Gentianae Radix based on context of clearing fire, however strictly translating as written "Dan Cao" might be ambiguous, usually implies Longdancao in this context or just generic bitter cold herb. Given WHO standards, I will use Longdancao if implied, but text says "Dan Cao". Let's stick to literal "Dan Cao" or interpret as Longdancao. In Ming texts, Dan Cao often refers to Longdancao. I will use Longdancao (Gentianae Radix)). Each 8 fen. If pain in the lower left posterior molars is due to Liver Fire, add Chaihu (Bupleuri Radix) (8 fen) and Hei Shanzhi (Gardeniae Fructus Carbonized) (1 qian). If pain in the upper right posterior molars is due to Large Intestine Fire, add Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) (wine-stir-fried) and Zhike (Aurantii Fructus) (each 1 qian). If pain in the lower right posterior molars is due to Lung Fire, add Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix) (wine-stir-fried) and Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix) (each 1 qian). Add herbs according to the meridians, then add Dengxincao (Junci Medulla) 20 stalks. Decoct in water, take warm after meals for three doses, and it will heal. Avoid greasy, fried foods, duck eggs, fermented products, vinegar, etc.
[Ya Tong Qing Wei Tang / Toothache Clearing Stomach Decoction] Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) (3 qian), Shengdi (Rehmanniae Radix) (3 qian), Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) (1 qian), Danpi (Moutan Cortex), Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) (each 1.5 qian), Shengma ( Cimicifugae Rhizoma) (5 fen). Decoct in water and take. Alternatively, take one Fengtou Litchi (Litchi Chinensis) (or Longyan/Glongan fruit is also acceptable). Make a hole in the shell, fill with salt (until smoke ceases to remove fire toxicity), grind into powder, and apply to the painful area. Hold for a moment. Then decoct Fangfeng (Saposhnikoviae Radix), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma), Xixin (Asari Radix et Rhizoma), and Fumai (Tritici Fructus Levigated) (each 1 qian) in water to rinse the mouth; pain will stop immediately. For wind-parasite toothache, add Huajiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium) to the decoction.
[Wind-Fire Toothache] Grind Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma) powder with fresh ginger into a paste, stuff into the painful area; pain stops immediately. Or crush Xiangxun Di (Cantharellus umbonatus stem base), moisten, and apply to the painful area; pain stops immediately. Take a coarse bowl, line the bottom with Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), cover with Zhangnao (Camphora), place another bowl on top, seal with salt mud, and roast over mild to strong fire for the time it takes to burn one incense stick. Remove, grind fine to remove fire toxicity. Use 1-2 li to rub the gum roots; pain stops immediately. For parasite teeth, line the bottom with Chuanjiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium). Alternatively, mix Bajieli (Tribuli Fructus) 1 qian and Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) 0.5 fen, grind fine, and rub when painful.
[Parasite Toothache] Decoct Jiucui Zi (Allii Tuberosi Semen) in thick soup to rinse the mouth; parasites will come out. Take Guanzhong (Cyathulae Radix) 1 liang, boil in more than two bowls of rice vinegar until concentrated. If the left tooth hurts, lie on the left side; if the right hurts, lie on the right side. Do not eat the mixture. Or soften Songzhi (Pini Resina) by heating and insert into the cavity; shortly after, the parasite will emerge onto the resin. Or take Wulingzhi (Trogopterori Coprolithus) three grains the size of rice, have the patient bite it against the painful tooth. Shortly after, rinse with warm water to expel small parasites; pain stops.
[Deficiency Fire Toothache] If other medicines are ineffective, apply Renshen (Panacis Ginseng Radix) 2-3 fen to the affected area; pain stops. Or grind Fuzi (Aconiti Lateralis Radix Praeparata) 5-7 fen into powder, mix with saliva, and apply to the sole of the foot to guide fire back to its source; pain stops.
[Highly Effective Tooth-Rubbing Formula] Regardless of wind, fire, or parasite pain, initially use Sheng Mingfan (Alumen) 6 liang and Sheng Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum) 4 liang, grind fine together. Rub teeth morning and evening. (After one dose is used up, increase Alumen by 2 liang and decrease Gypsum by 2 liang, gradually using only raw Alumen alone.) Do not interrupt this practice year-round; one will be free from toothache for life. If wind-toothache medicines are ineffective, burn Fengtou Litchi (Litchi Chinensis) with shell until charred but retaining nature, and rub teeth; highly effective.
[Method to Extract Painful Teeth] Burn Baimawei (Equi Cauda Crinis Carbonized) until ash-like but retaining nature. Dip a new brush in 1-2 li, dab on the gum root; the tooth will fall out immediately. Do not touch healthy teeth. In the twelfth lunar month, take one large crucian carp. Fill its belly with fine powder of Baipi (Arsenicum Album). Hang it in a windy place. Frost will exude onto the scales. Sweep it down and collect it. Apply half a li to the gum root; the tooth will fall out immediately without pain.
[Gingival Bleeding (Ya Xuan)] Roast Si Gua Jin (Luffae Fibra Retis) that has been exposed to frost until charred but retaining nature, grind fine, and apply; bleeding stops. Or soak Kuzhuru (Bambusae Caulis in Taenia) in vinegar overnight, hold in mouth; bleeding stops. If Ya Xuan is severe with pain, take one handful of Sigua Teng (Luffae Caulis), a pinch of Chuanjiao (Zanthoxyli Pericarpium), and a bunch of Dengxincao (Junci Medulla). Decoct in water to make a thick juice, rinse and spit out; bleeding stops. If bleeding from interdental spaces does not stop, ignite paper, dip in a small amount of Chansu (Toad Venom), insert into the bleeding site; bleeding stops immediately. Internally, decoct Bohe (Menthae Haplocalycis Herba), Huafen (Trichosanthis Radix), Lianqiao (Forsythiae Fructus), Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix), Shenxuan (likely Shenmai or similar, text says Shenxuan, possibly a typo for Shenqu or similar, but literally Shenxuan. I will keep as Shenxuan), Mutong (Akebiae Caulis), Gegen (Puerariae Lobatae Radix) (each 1 qian), Gancao (Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma) (5 fen). Decoct in water and take. For those whose Ya Xuan does not respond to cooling medicines, nourish Kidney Water and drain Ministerial Fire; it will heal. (Externally, stir-fry Xiangfu (Cyperi Rhizoma) with Qingyan (Halitum) until black, grind to powder, and rub.)
[Deficiency Fire Toothache with Bleeding, Gum Pain and Itching] Chao Shaokuibu (Drynariae Rhizoma Stir-fried Black) 2 liang, grind to powder. Rinse mouth thoroughly in the morning and spit out. Before sleep, rub again without rinsing. When saliva fills the mouth, swallow it; it will heal. Or crush Shaokuibu (Drynariae Rhizoma) into a bean-sized ball. Wrap in silk, insert into the painful tooth; pain stops immediately.
[Goose Mouth Dental Ulceration] Yellow skin swelling and ulceration covering the whole mouth. Use E Kou Pi (Goose Mouth Skin/Epidermis? Likely a folk remedy term, possibly referring to a specific fungal or skin lesion material, literally "Goose Mouth Skin"), Ercha (Children's Tea/Catechu), Mazijian (likely a local name for a mineral or herb, possibly Borax or similar alkaline substance, literally "Horse Child Alkali"). Equal parts, add Bingpian (Borneolum Syntheticum) 2 fen, grind uniformly, and apply; it heals spontaneously. For any gum ulceration, regardless of adult or child, applying Renzhongbai (Urinae Humanis Depuratum) ground into powder is most effective.
[Moxibustion Method for Toothache] Du Da Suan (One large garlic clove), Bimazi (Ricini Semen) seven seeds, Zhangnao (Camphora) 1 qian. Grind together and apply to the acupoint at the dorsal root of the thumb (apply to the right thumb if left side hurts, left thumb if right side hurts). Remove when itching occurs. Effective for all types of wind, fire, and parasite toothaches. Alternatively, mash Da Suan (Allii Sativi Bulbus) and Qianfen (Lead White) together, apply according to the method above; highly effective for toothache.