味苦、辛，平、微温，无毒。主寒热邪气，寒湿风痹，肢节痛，下水，利小便。疗风无
问久新，通身挛急。生飞乌
山谷。二月、八月采根，曝干。
菖蒲为之使。 飞乌或者地名，今出甘松、龙洞、蚕陵，长大黄白色为佳。根皆作罗文
相交，中多衔土，用之熟破
除去。方家多作秦胶字，与独活疗风常用，道家不须尔。
〔谨案〕今
良。本作札，或作纠，作胶；
正作艽也。
味苦，平、大寒，无毒。主诸热黄胆，肠 泄痢，逐水，下血闭，恶疮，疽蚀，火伤。
疗痰热，胃中热，小腹绞痛，
消谷，利小肠，女子血闭、淋露、下血，小儿腹痛。一名腐肠，一
黄文，一名经芩，一名妒妇。
其子主肠 脓血。生秭归川谷及宛朐。三月三日采根，阴干。
得浓朴、黄连止腹痛；得五味子、牡蒙、牡蛎，令人有子；得黄 、白蔹、赤小豆疗鼠
；山茱萸、龙骨为之使，
恶葱实，畏丹砂、牡丹、藜芦。 秭归属建平郡。今第一出彭城，郁
为胜。破者名宿芩，其腹中
皆烂，故名腐肠，惟取深色坚实者为好。俗
〔谨案〕叶细长，两叶相
对，作丛生，亦有独茎者。
今出宜州、 州、泾州者佳，兖州者大实亦好，名豚尾芩也。
味苦、酸，平、微寒，有小毒。主邪气腹痛，除血痹，破坚积，寒热疝瘕，止痛，利小
便，益气。通顺血脉，缓中，
散恶血，逐贼血，去水气，利膀胱大小肠，消痈肿，时行寒热，
中恶，腹痛，腰痛。一名白木，一名余容，一名犁食，一名解仓，一名 。生中岳川谷及丘
陵。二月、八月采根，曝干。
须丸为之使，恶石斛、芒硝，畏硝石、鳖甲、小蓟，反藜芦。
今出白山、蒋山、茅山最好，白而长大，余处亦有
而多赤，赤者小利。俗方以止痛，乃不减当归。道家亦服食之，又煮石用之。
【秦艽】
味苦、辛，性平或微温，无毒。主治寒热邪气，寒湿风痹，肢体关节疼痛，通利水道，小便通畅。治疗风病不分新旧，全身拘挛急迫。生于飞乌山谷。二月、八月采集根部，晒干。以菖蒲为引经药。飞乌可能是地名，现在出产于甘松、龙洞、蚕陵等地，以根条长大、色大黄白为佳。根部纹理交错如罗纹，中间多夹杂泥土，使用时需彻底敲碎并去除泥土。医家多写作“秦胶”字，与独活一样常用于治疗风病，道家则不需要使用它。
〔谨案〕：现在认为这是正品。原本写作“札”，有的写作“纠”，有的写作“胶”；正确写法应为“艽”。
【黄芩】
味苦，性平或大寒，无毒。主治各种热症引起的黄疸，肠澼泄痢，逐水饮，通下血闭，恶疮，疽蚀，火伤。治疗痰热，胃中热，小腹绞痛，消食，利小肠，女子血闭、淋露、下血，小儿腹痛。又名腐肠，一名黄文，一名经芩，一名妒妇。它的种子主治肠中脓血。生于秭归川谷及宛朐。三月三日采集根部，阴干。与浓朴、黄连同用可止腹痛；与五味子、牡蒙、牡蛎同用可使人有子；与黄耆、白蔹、赤小豆同用可治疗鼠瘘；山茱萸、龙骨为其使药，畏葱实，畏丹砂、牡丹、藜芦。秭归属建平郡。现在第一产地是彭城，郁金者为胜品。破开者名为宿芩，其腹中皆烂，故名为腐肠，只取深色坚实者为好。俗方……
〔谨案〕：叶子细长，两叶相对，呈丛生状，也有独茎的。现在出产于宜州、洛州、泾州的为佳，兖州的虽然大且结实也好，名为豚尾芩也。
【芍药】
味苦、酸，性平或微寒，有小毒。主治邪气腹痛，除血痹，破坚积，寒热疝瘕，止痛，利小便，益气。通顺血脉，缓中，散恶血，逐贼血，去水气，利膀胱大小肠，消痈肿，时行寒热，中恶，腹痛，腰痛。又名白木，一名余容，一名犁食，一名解仓，一名……生于中岳川谷及丘陵。二月、八月采集根部，晒干。以须丸为引经药，畏石斛、芒硝，畏硝石、鳖甲、小蓟，反藜芦。现在出产于白山、蒋山、茅山的最好，白色且长大，其他地方也有但多红色，红色的稍有利效。俗方用于止痛，效果不亚于当归。道家也服用它，又煮石时用之。
[Qinjiao (Gentianae Macrophyllae Radix)]
Bitter, acrid, neutral or slightly warm in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats pathogenic factors of chills and fever, wind-damp-bi syndrome with cold, pain in limbs and joints, promotes urination, and facilitates the flow of urine. Treats wind diseases regardless of whether they are new or old, and general body spasms and stiffness. Grows in the valleys of Feiwu. The roots are harvested in the second and eighth months and dried in the sun. Acorus tatarinowii (Changpu) serves as a guiding herb. "Feiwu" may be a place name; currently, it is produced in Gansong, Longdong, and Canling. It is considered best when the roots are long and large with a yellowish-white color. The root texture intersects like a net pattern, often containing soil in the center, which must be thoroughly broken up and removed before use. Medical practitioners often write the character as "Jiao" (glue), used commonly with Du Huo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix) for treating wind diseases, but Daoists do not require it.
[Note]: Currently regarded as authentic. Originally written as "Zha", sometimes as "Jiu" or "Jiao"; the correct character is "Qiu".
[Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix)]
Bitter, neutral or very cold in nature, non-toxic. Primarily treats various heat-induced jaundice, intestinal dysentery, expels fluid retention, resolves blood obstruction, treats malignant sores, carbuncles, ulcers, and burns. Treats phlegm-heat, stomach heat, colic in the lower abdomen, aids digestion, benefits the small intestine, treats female blood obstruction, leukorrhea with bleeding, and abdominal pain in children. Also known as Fuchang, Huangwen, Jingqin, and Dufu. Its seeds treat pus and blood in the intestines. Grows in the valleys of Zigui and Wanqu. The roots are harvested on the third day of the third month and dried in the shade. Combined with Houpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex) and Huanglian (Coptidis Rhizoma), it stops abdominal pain; combined with Wuweizi (Schisandrae Fructus), Mumeng, and Muli (Ostreae Concha), it helps conception; combined with Huangqi (Astragali Radix), BaiLian (Paeoniae Albae Radix), and Chixiaodou (Vigna Semen Rubrum), it treats scrofula; Cornus officinalis (Shanzhuyu) and Longgu (Fossilia Ossis Mastodi) serve as guiding herbs. It is incompatible with Congshi (Allii Fistulosi Bulbus) and fears Dansha (Cinnabaris), Mudanpi (Moutan Cortex), and Lilu (Veratri Rhizoma). Zigui belongs to Jianping Commandery. Currently, the best quality comes from Pengcheng, with those having a dense texture being superior. Broken ones are named Suqin (old scutellaria), whose interiors are rotten, hence the name Fuchang (rotten intestine); only those that are dark-colored and solid are preferred. Folk prescriptions...
[Note]: The leaves are slender, opposite each other, growing in clumps, though some have single stems. Currently, those from Yizhou, Luozhou, and Jingzhou are excellent; those from Yanzhou are also good due to their size and solidity, known as Tunwei Qin (pig-tail scutellaria).
[Shaoyao (Paeoniae Radix)]
Bitter, sour, neutral or slightly cold in nature, slightly toxic. Primarily treats pathogenic abdominal pain, removes blood stasis, breaks firm accumulations, treats chills and fever with hernia masses, relieves pain, promotes urination, tonifies qi. Promotes smooth blood circulation, moderates the middle jiao, disperses evil blood, drives out thief blood, removes water qi, benefits the bladder and large/small intestines, reduces abscesses and swelling, treats epidemic chills and fevers, sudden poisoning, abdominal pain, and lower back pain. Also known as Baimu, Yurong, Lishi, Jie Cang, and [missing]. Grows in the valleys and hills of Zhongyue. The roots are harvested in the second and eighth months and dried in the sun. Xuwan serves as a guiding herb. Incompatible with Shihu (Dendrobii Caulis) and Mangxiao (Natrii Sulfas), fears Xiaoshi (Natrii Nitras), Biejia (Trionycis Carapax), and Xiaoji (Cirsii Herba), and is contrary to Lilu (Veratri Rhizoma). Currently, those from Baishan, Jiangshan, and Maoshan are the best, white and large; others exist but are often red, with red varieties having slight advantages. Folk prescriptions use it for pain relief, comparable to Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix). Daoists also consume it and use it in stone-boiling preparations.