寒。主小儿赤丹。其渍苎汁，疗渴。
即今绩苎尔。又有山苎，亦相似，可入用也。
〔谨案〕《别录》云∶根安胎，贴热丹
毒肿，有效。沤苎汁，主消渴
也。
大寒。主肠胃痼热，消渴，止小便利。菰根亦如芦根，冷利复甚也。
有小毒。主恶疮、蜗疥，杀虫鱼。
出交广，形扁扁尔。捣以杂米，投水中，鱼无大小，皆浮出而死。人用苦酒摩，疗疥亦
效。
〔谨案〕此今京下呼
黄环子为之，亦谓度谷，一名就葛。陶云出交广，今交广送入太常正是黄环子，非余物尔。
味酸，温，有毒。主风瘙瘾疹，身痒、湿痹，可作浴汤。一名堇草，一名芨。生田野。
春夏采叶，秋冬采茎、根。
田野墟村中甚多，绝疗风痹痒痛，多用薄洗，不堪入服，亦有酒渍根，稍饮之者。
〔谨
案
《尔雅》云∶芨，堇草。郭注云∶乌头苗也。检三堇别名，又无此者。蜀人谓乌头苗为堇草。
陶引此条，不知所出处。
《药对》及古方无蒴 ，惟言陆英也。
主难产，胞衣不出。
产难取弓弩弦以缚腰；及烧弩牙，令赤，内酒中饮之，皆取发放快速之义也。
主卒噎。
食猝噎不下，刮取含之，即去，亦是舂捣义尔。天下事理，多有相影响如此也。
平。主筋溢、恶疮。
烧之蒲席，惟舡家用，状如蒲帆尔。人家所用席，皆是莞草；而荐多是蒲。方家有用也。
〔谨案〕席、荐一也，皆人卧之，以得人气为佳也。青、齐间人，谓蒲荐为蒲席，亦曰蒲盖，
谓作者为荐尔。山南、江左机上织者为席，席下重浓者为荐。如经所说，当以人卧久者为
佳，不论荐、席也。
【败蒲席】性寒。主治小儿赤丹（一种皮肤红肿发热的病症）。用苎麻汁浸泡后饮用，可治疗口渴。
这就是现在绩织的苎麻。还有山苎，形状也相似，也可以入药使用。
〔谨案〕《名医别录》记载：苎麻根能安胎，外贴治疗热毒丹肿，效果显著。沤制的苎麻汁，主治消渴症。
【菰根】性大寒。主治肠胃久积之热、消渴症，并能止住小便频多。菰根的性状如同芦根，其寒凉滑利之性更为强烈。
【黄环子】有小毒。主治恶疮、蜗疥（一种疥疮），并能杀灭水中的鱼。产于交州、广州一带，形状扁平。捣碎后混合米粮，投入水中，无论鱼的大小，都会浮出水面而死。人们用醋研磨外用，治疗疥疮也有效。
〔谨案〕此物如今京城附近称为“黄环子”，也称“度谷”，又名“就葛”。陶弘景说它产于交广，如今交广送入太常寺的正是黄环子，并非其他物品。
【蒴藋】味酸，性温，有毒。主治风瘙瘾疹（风团瘙痒）、身体瘙痒、湿痹，可以煮水洗澡。又名堇草，又名芨。生长于田野之中。
春夏采集叶子，秋冬采集茎和根。
田野村落中非常多，专门用于治疗风痹引起的瘙痒疼痛，多用薄敷清洗的方法，不适合内服；也有用酒浸泡根部，稍微饮用的情况。
〔谨案〕《尔雅》记载：芨，就是堇草。郭璞注解说：这是乌头的苗。核查三种堇的别名，又没有这个名称。蜀地人把乌头的苗称为堇草。陶弘景引用这一条，不知道出处在哪里。《药对》及古方中没有提到蒴藋，只提到了陆英。
【弓弩弦】主治难产，胎盘不下。
分娩困难时，取弓弩的弦来束缚腰部；以及将弩牙烧红，放入酒中饮用，都是取释放、快速之意。
【菰根/芦根类】主治突然发生的噎膈（吞咽困难）。
食物突然噎住不下，刮取（菰根或芦根）含在口中，随即吐出，这也是舂捣取其汁液的意思。天下事理，多有如此相互影响的。
【蒲席】性平。主治筋溢（筋脉弛缓或肿胀）、恶疮。
焚烧蒲席，只有船家使用，形状像蒲帆一样。人家使用的席子，大多是莞草编织的；而铺垫的多是蒲草。医家用的是蒲席。
〔谨案〕席和荐是一样的，都是人卧具，以沾染人气为佳。青州、齐地之间的人，称蒲垫为蒲席，也叫蒲盖，称制作人为荐。山南、江左地区，机上织成的叫席，席下厚重的那层叫荐。如经文所说，应当以人长期卧躺过的为佳，不论它是荐还是席。
[Shredded Cattail Mat] Cold in nature. It primarily treats infant erysipelas (a skin condition characterized by redness and heat). Soaking it in ramie juice and drinking it can treat thirst.
This refers to the ramie woven today. There is also wild ramie, which is similar in appearance and can also be used medicinally.
[Note] *Bielu* states: The root calms the fetus and, when applied externally, treats hot toxin-induced erysipelas swelling, with effective results. Fermented ramie juice primarily treats polydipsia (excessive thirst).
[Gut Root] Very cold in nature. It primarily treats chronic heat in the intestines and stomach, polydipsia, and stops frequent urination. Gut root resembles Reed Rhizome (Lugen) in appearance, but its cold and purgative properties are even more intense.
[Huanghuanzi] Slightly toxic. It primarily treats malignant sores, scabies, and kills fish. It originates from Jiaozhou and Guangzhou regions; its shape is flat. When crushed and mixed with rice, then thrown into water, fish of all sizes will float up and die. People apply it ground with vinegar externally to treat scabies, which is also effective.
[Note] This substance is currently called "Huanghuanzi" in the capital area, also known as "Dugu" or "Junge". Tao Hongjing stated it comes from Jiaozhou and Guangzhou; what is currently sent from there to the Taichang Temple is indeed Huanghuanzi, not other substances.
[Shuodi] Sour in taste, warm in nature, toxic. It primarily treats wind-induced wheals and itching, body pruritus, and damp bi-syndrome; it can be used as a bath decoction. Also known as Jincao or Ji. It grows in fields.
Leaves are harvested in spring and summer; stems and roots are harvested in autumn and winter.
It is abundant in fields and villages, specifically used to treat wind-bi-related itching and pain. It is mostly used for thin washing applications and is unsuitable for internal consumption; however, some soak the roots in wine and drink it slightly.
[Note] *Erya* states: Ji is Jincao. Guo Pu's commentary says: It is the sprout of Aconitum carmichaelii (Wutou). Checking the aliases of the three types of Jin, this name does not appear. People in Shu call the Wutou sprout Jincao. Tao Hongjing cited this entry without specifying its source. *Yaodui* and ancient prescriptions do not mention Shuodi, only Luying.
[Bowstring] Treats difficult labor and retained placenta.
In cases of difficult childbirth, bowstrings are taken to bind the waist; and the arrowhead of the crossbow is burned until red, placed in wine, and drunk. Both methods aim at the principle of release and speed.
[Reed-like Root] Treats sudden dysphagia (choking/swallowing difficulty).
When food suddenly chokes and cannot go down, scraping the root and holding it in the mouth, then spitting it out, follows the logic of pounding to extract juice. Principles in the world often influence each other in such ways.
[Cattail Mat] Neutral in nature. It treats tendon overflow (flaccidity or swelling of tendons) and malignant sores.
Burning cattail mats is used only by boatmen, resembling a cattail sail. Mats used in households are mostly made of Cyperus rotundus (Guancao); while underlays are mostly made of cattail. Medical practitioners use cattail mats.
[Note] Xi (mat) and Jian (underlay) are essentially the same, both being bedding for sleeping, considered best when infused with human qi. In the Qing and Qi regions, people call cattail underlays "cattail mats" or "cattail covers," referring to the maker as Jian. In Shannan and Jiangzuo regions, what is woven on the loom is called Xi, and the thick layer underneath is called Jian. As described in the text, preference should be given to those that have been slept on for a long time, regardless of whether they are Jian or Xi.