（附论）
瘕者。黄瘕、青瘕、燥瘕、血瘕、脂瘕、狐瘕、蛇瘕是也。千金外台言之详矣。症瘕积
聚
血生于心
者假也。
病为痼疾
等事。皆
噎者。
法当以
此等学
方
牡丹煎丸（出和剂方）治妇人冲任本虚。小腹挟寒。或因产劳损子脏。风寒
搏
于血气。结生瘕聚。块硬发歇。脐腹刺痛。胁肋紧胀。腰膝疼重。拘挛肿满。背项强
急。手足麻痹。或月
痛。面色萎黄。多生
延胡索 缩砂仁（各半两） 赤芍药 牡丹皮（各一两） 山茱萸 干姜（炮各半两） 龙
骨
（细
归
（去芦
皮脐）
木香
细末。
炼蜜
及夜
柴胡去苗一两。甘草一两。余各半两。同和为丸。
治瘕神妙。妇人腹肚有块。久不消。名曰瘕聚。
川乌（七钱） 附子（七钱） 木香（半两） 香附子（半两） 丹参 陈皮（各三钱）
蓬术
三棱
上为
鸡鸣紫丸（出千金方）治妇人瘕症积聚。
皂荚（一分） 藜芦 甘草 矾石 乌啄 杏仁 干姜 桂心 巴豆（各二分） 前胡 人
参（
鸡鸣时服
二
桃仁散（出大全良方）治月经不通。产后恶露未尽。积聚瘀血。变成症瘕。
虻虫（半两炒令微黄去翅足） 水蛭（炒令微黄） 乌贼骨 鲤鱼鳞（烧灰） 芫花（醋
炒令
干）
桃仁
（三分
水府丹（出大全良方）治妇人久虚积冷。经候不行。症瘕癖块。腹中卒暴疼
痛。面有 。
经 花蕊石（研一两半） 砂（纸隔沸汤淋熬取霜半两） 桂心（别为末） 木香 干
姜
（各一
黄汁 童
子小便（
同三
汁
妇莫服
治妇人血瘕。心腹积聚。乳余疾继生。小腹坚满。贯脐中热。腰背疼。小便不利。
大便难。
千金方。
半夏（一两六铢） 石膏 藜芦 紫参 苁蓉（各十八铢） 桂心 干姜（各一两） 乌
啄
（半两）
三棱煎（出大全良方）治妇人血瘕食积痰滞。
三棱（煨）莪术（各二两煨） 青橘皮（去白） 半夏（汤洗七次） 麦芽（炒各两） 上
用好醋
六升
妙应丹 治诸脏气虚损。积聚烦闷。及饮食中蛊毒。或食水陆果瓜。子卵入腹。而
成虫蛇鱼
唇口焦黑。肢
荜茇 木香 破故纸（炒各重三两半） 附子（四个六七钱重者去皮脐剜作瓮 砂共一
两
七钱
生姜
桃仁煎（一名桃仁丸）治妇人血积血瘕血块。经候不通。潮热。月水停滞作
病。及症瘕等疾
桃仁（二两汤浸火炒） 大黄 川朴硝（各一两） 虻虫（半两炒黑） 上为末。以醇
醋二升
半。
不住
取下
人小
非
鱼
用醇苦酒。煎如前法。每取一鸡子黄投酒中。预一宿勿食服之。
大硝石丸 治七症八瘕。聚结痞块。及妇人带下绝产。并饮服丹药。腹中有症瘕
者。当先下
硝石（六两） 大黄（八两） 人参 甘草（各三两） 上为末。以三年苦酒三升。置
铜器中。
以
尽
三
养
四物汤
当归 玄胡索 威灵仙 官桂（各等分） 上为末。每服三钱。酒调空心服。
小三棱丸（出医方集成）治食症、酒瘕、血瘕、气块。时发刺痛。全不思
食。
及积滞不消。
荆三棱 蓬莪术（各四两） 芫花（一两去梗叶） 上同入瓷器中。用米醋五升。浸满
封器。
以
丸
一握七丸 治脏腑宿蕴风冷。气血不和。停滞宿饮。结为症瘕痞块。及妇人血瘕。
肠胃中塞。饮食不下。咳逆胀满。及下痢赤白。霍乱转筋。及 擘拳挛。腰脊脚膝疼
痛。行步不能。
神曲（半斤炒黄） 大附子（二个炮去皮脐） 甘草（炙二两） 上为末。蜜丸左手一
握。分作七
治症瘕积聚。去三尸。益气延年却老。
上以雄黄二两。细研为末。九度水飞过。却入新净竹筒内。盛以蒸饼一块。塞筒口。蒸
七度
女来
治症瘕积聚。风痰癫狂。三虫伏尸。除蕴轻身益气。令人不饥。百日还年却老。
上用天门冬末。服方寸匕。日三。无问。山中人间。但勿废。久服益佳。酿酒服之。
治症瘕积聚。
用蔓荆子水煮二升。取浓汁服。
治症瘕满腹。诸药不瘥者。（本草）
以人溺服之。皆下血片块。二十日即出也。
（附论）
瘕，是指黄瘕、青瘕、燥瘕、血瘕、脂瘕、狐瘕、蛇瘕这几种病症。《千金方》和《外台秘要》对此论述得非常详细。症与瘕，积与聚，是假象（指有形或无形的结块）。这些疾病都属于顽固难愈的痼疾等范畴。
牡丹煎丸（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》），治疗妇人冲任二脉本虚。小腹夹杂寒气。或因生产劳累损伤子宫。风寒之邪搏结于气血之中。凝结生成瘕聚。肿块坚硬，发作有时。脐腹部刺痛。胁肋部紧绷胀满。腰膝疼痛沉重。肢体拘挛肿胀。颈背部僵硬急迫。手足麻木。或者月经来潮时疼痛。面色萎黄。多生……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为“多生恶露”或类似症状，但依规则不增添内容，故略过未译出的部分或视为文本残缺，此处仅翻译可见部分：面色萎黄。）
配方：延胡索、缩砂仁（各半两）、赤芍药、牡丹皮（各一两）、山茱萸、干姜（炮制，各半两）、龙骨（细研）、当归（去芦头）、木香（去皮脐）。以上药材共为细末。用炼蜜调和，制成丸药。在鸡鸣时分服用。
柴胡（去苗，一两）、甘草（一两），其余药材各半两。一同调和制成丸药。
此方治疗瘕聚神妙。妇人腹中有肿块，长久不消散，名为瘕聚。
川乌（七钱）、附子（七钱）、木香（半两）、香附子（半两）、丹参、陈皮（各三钱）、蓬莪术、三棱。以上药材……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为“上为末”等制法，但依规则不增添内容，故略过不可见部分，仅翻译可见实体关联语境：以上药材处理成……）
鸡鸣紫丸（出自《千金方》），治疗妇人瘕症积聚。
配方：皂荚（一分）、藜芦、甘草、矾石、乌啄（即乌喙）、杏仁、干姜、桂心、巴豆（各二分）、前胡、人参（……）。在鸡鸣时分服用。
桃仁散（出自《大全良方》），治疗月经不通。产后恶露未尽。积聚瘀血。变成症瘕。
配方：虻虫（半两，炒至微黄，去翅足）、水蛭（炒至微黄）、乌贼骨、鲤鱼鳞（烧成灰）、芫花（醋炒令干）、桃仁（三分……）。
水府丹（出自《大全良方》），治疗妇人久病体虚积冷。经血不行。症瘕癖块。腹中突然剧烈疼痛。面部有色素沉着（原文“面有 ”后缺字，通常指黧黑或斑，此处依原文留白或译为面部异常）。
配方：花蕊石（研细，一两半）、朱砂（用纸隔沸汤淋熬取霜，半两）、桂心（另研为末）、木香、干姜（各一……）。用黄汁、童子小便（……）同煎……（原文此处有缺漏，无法完整翻译句子结构，仅提取实体关联：妇人莫服此方）。
治疗妇人血瘕。心腹积聚。乳余疾继生（乳房相关疾病继发）。小腹坚满。热气贯穿脐中。腰背疼痛。小便不利。大便困难。
出自《千金方》。
配方：半夏（一两六铢）、石膏、藜芦、紫参、肉苁蓉（各十八铢）、桂心、干姜（各一两）、乌喙（半两）、三棱。
三棱煎（出自《大全良方》），治疗妇人血瘕、食积、痰滞。
配方：三棱（煨）、莪术（各二两，煨）、青橘皮（去白）、半夏（汤洗七次）、麦芽（炒，各一两）。以上用好醋……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为煎煮过程，如“六升”等，依规则不增添，仅保留可见量词关联：六升）。
妙应丹，治疗诸脏气虚损。积聚烦闷。以及饮食中蛊毒。或食用水陆果瓜。种子卵入腹。而成虫蛇鱼……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为体内寄生虫或异物感）。唇口焦黑。肢……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为肢体症状）。
配方：荜茇、木香、破故纸（炒，各重三两半）、附子（四个，六七钱重者，去皮脐，剜作瓮状，将砂……共一两……七钱……生姜……）。
桃仁煎（一名桃仁丸），治疗妇人血积、血瘕、血块。经候不通。潮热。月水停滞致病。及症瘕等疾病。
配方：桃仁（二两，汤浸，火炒）、大黄、川朴硝（各一两）、虻虫（半两，炒黑）。以上为末。用醇醋二升……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为煎煮方法）。半……不住……取下……人小……非……鱼……（原文此处严重残缺，无法构成完整语义，仅能识别出操作动词和名词碎片）。用醇苦酒，煎如前法。每取一个鸡蛋黄投入酒中。预先一晚不要进食，然后服用。
大硝石丸，治疗七症八瘕。聚结痞块。以及妇人带下绝产。并饮服丹药后，腹中有症瘕者。应当先攻下……
配方：硝石（六两）、大黄（八两）、人参、甘草（各三两）。以上为末。用三年陈苦酒三升，置于铜器中……以……尽……三……养……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为煎煮浓缩过程）。
四物汤，配方：当归、玄胡索、威灵仙、官桂（各等分）。以上为末。每次服用三钱。酒调，空腹服用。
小三棱丸（出自《医方集成》），治疗食症、酒瘕、血瘕、气块。时常发作刺痛。完全不想吃东西。以及积滞不消。
配方：荆三棱、蓬莪术（各四两）、芫花（一两，去梗叶）。以上一同放入瓷器中。用米醋五升，浸满，密封容器。以……丸……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为煎煮收膏制丸过程）。
一握七丸，治疗脏腑宿蕴风冷。气血不和。停滞宿饮。结为症瘕痞块。以及妇人血瘕。肠胃中堵塞。饮食不下。咳逆胀满。以及下痢赤白。霍乱转筋。以及……擘拳挛（手指屈伸不利）。腰脊脚膝疼痛。行走不能。
配方：神曲（半斤，炒黄）、大附子（二个，炮制，去皮脐）、甘草（炙，二两）。以上为末。蜜丸，左手一握的量。分作七……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为丸数或服用方法）。
治疗症瘕积聚。去除三尸。益气延年却老。
以上用雄黄二两。细研为末。九度用水飞选。重新放入新净竹筒内。盛放蒸饼一块。塞住筒口。蒸七度……女来……（原文此处有缺漏，推测为制作完成后的服用或效果描述）。
治疗症瘕积聚。风痰癫狂。三虫伏尸。除蕴轻身益气。令人不饥。百日还年却老。
上用天门冬末。服用方寸匕。每日三次。无论……山中人间。只要不废弃。久服更佳。酿酒服用。
(Attached Discussion)
Jia (abdominal mass characterized by shifting pain and movable lumps) refers to Huang Jia, Qing Jia, Zao Jia, Xue Jia, Zhi Jia, Hu Jia, and She Jia. The *Qianjin Fang* (Prescriptions Worth a Thousand Gold) and *Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions from the Imperial Library) discuss these in detail. Zheng (fixed abdominal mass) and Jia, Ji (accumulation) and Ju (gathering), are manifestations of pathogenic factors. These diseases all belong to stubborn and chronic conditions.
Mudan Jian Wan (Peony Decoction Pill, from *Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang*), treats women with deficiency of the Chong and Ren meridians. Cold pathogen in the lower abdomen. Due to labor damage to the uterus during childbirth. Wind-cold pathogens clashing with Qi and Blood. Forming Jia and Ju. Hard masses that appear and disappear intermittently. Stabbing pain in the umbilical and abdominal regions. Tightness and distension in the hypochondrium. Heavy pain in the waist and knees. Spasm and swelling. Stiffness and tension in the back and neck. Numbness in the hands and feet. Or dysmenorrhea. Sallow complexion. (Text fragmentary).
Formula: Yanhusuo (Corydalis Rhizome), Suosharen (Amomum Fruit) (each 0.5 liang), Chishao (Red Peony Root), Mudanpi (Tree Peony Bark) (each 1 liang), Shanzhuyu (Cornus Fruit), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger, processed) (each 0.5 liang), Longgu (Fossilized Bones, finely ground), Gui (Angelica Root, remove rhizome), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root, remove bark and core). Grind all into fine powder. Mix with refined honey to form pills. Administer at Ji Ming time (approx. 3-5 AM).
Chaihu (Bupleurum Root, remove sprouts, 1 liang), Gancao (Licorice Root, 1 liang), others each 0.5 liang. Mix and form pills.
This formula is miraculous for treating Jia Ju. Abdominal masses in women that do not dissipate for a long time are named Jia Ju.
Chuanwu (Aconite Lateral Root, 7 qian), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root, 7 qian), Muxiang (0.5 liang), Xiangfuzi (Cyperus Rhizome, 0.5 liang), Danshen (Salvia Root), Chenpi (Tangerine Peel) (each 3 qian), E Zhu (Curcuma Rhizome), San Leng (Knotgrass Rhizome). Process the above... (Text fragmentary).
Jiming Zi Wan (Chicken-Crowing Purple Pill, from *Qianjin Fang*), treats female Zheng, Jia, Ji, and Ju.
Formula: Zaojiao (Gleditsia Fruit, 1 fen), Lilü (Veratrum Rhizome), Gancao (Licorice Root), Fanshi (Alum), Wuzhuo (Aconite Root tip), Xingren (Apricot Seed), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig), Badou (Croton Seed) (each 2 fen), Qianhu (Peucedanum Root), Renshen (Ginseng Root)... Administer at Ji Ming time.
Taoren San (Peach Kernel Powder, from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats amenorrhea. Incomplete expulsion of lochia postpartum. Accumulation of blood stasis. Transforming into Zheng and Jia.
Formula: Mengchong (Blue Bottle Fly Larva, 0.5 liang, stir-fry until slightly yellow, remove wings and feet), Shuizhi (Leech, stir-fry until slightly yellow), Wuzeigu (Cuttlefish Bone), Liyu Lin (Carp Scales, burnt to ash), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flower, vinegar-fry until dry), Taoren (Peach Kernel, 3 fen)... (Text fragmentary).
Shuifu Dan (Water Palace Elixir, from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats women with chronic deficiency and cold accumulation. Amenorrhea. Zheng, Jia, Pi masses. Sudden severe abdominal pain. Facial discoloration (Text fragmentary).
Formula: Huarui Shi (Rhubarb Ore, ground, 1.5 liang), Zhusha (Cinnabar, processed via paper boiling water method to obtain frost, 0.5 liang), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig, separately ground), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger)... (Text fragmentary). Use Huangzhi (Yellow Juice/Egg Yolk?), Tongzi Xiaobian (Child's Urine)... Women should not take this.
Treats female Xue Jia (Blood Jia). Heart and abdominal accumulation. Secondary breast disorders. Hard fullness in the lower abdomen. Heat penetrating through the umbilicus. Waist and back pain. Dysuria. Difficulty in defecation.
From *Qianjin Fang*.
Formula: Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, 1 liang 6 zhu), Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum), Lilü (Veratrum Rhizome), Zishen (Scutellaria Barbata? or similar), Rongrong (Cistanche Stem), Guixin (Cinnamon Twig), Ganjiang (Dried Ginger) (each 1 liang), Wuzhuo (Aconite Root tip, 0.5 liang), San Leng (Knotgrass Rhizome).
San Leng Jian (Knotgrass Decoction, from *Daquan Liangfang*), treats female Xue Jia, food stagnation, and phlegm obstruction.
Formula: San Leng (Knotgrass Rhizome, roasted), E Zhu (Curcuma Rhizome) (each 2 liang, roasted), Qingju Pi (Green Tangerine Peel, remove white pith), Banxia (Pinellia Tuber, washed seven times in hot water), Maiya (Barley Sprout, stir-fried, each 1 liang). Use good vinegar... (Text fragmentary: 6 sheng).
Miaoying Dan (Miraculous Response Elixir), treats deficiency and damage of various organs. Accumulation causing irritability. Poison from gu worms ingested with food. Or seeds/eggs from fruits/melons entering the abdomen, forming sensations of insects/snakes/fish... Blackened lips and mouth. Limb... (Text fragmentary).
Formula: Bibo (Long Pepper Fruit), Muxiang (Aucklandia Root), Pozhuzi (Betel Nut Seed, stir-fried, each heavy 3.5 liang), Fuzi (Prepared Aconite Root) (four pieces, weighing 6-7 qian each, remove skin/core, hollow out like a urn, place Sha [Sand]... total 1 liang... 7 qian... Shengjiang [Fresh Ginger]...).
Taoren Jian (Peach Kernel Decoction, also known as Taoren Wan), treats female blood accumulation, Xue Jia, and blood masses. Amenorrhea. Tidal fever. Menstrual stagnation causing disease. And Zheng/Jia diseases.
Formula: Taoren (Peach Kernel, 2 liang, soaked in water, fire-roasted), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root), Chuan Puxiao (Sodium Nitrate/Saltpeter) (each 1 liang), Mengchong (Blue Bottle Fly Larva, 0.5 liang, stir-fry until black). Grind into powder. Use strong vinegar 2 sheng... (Text fragmentary: half... continuously... discharge... small person... non... fish...). Use strong sour wine. Decoct as before. For each dose, throw one egg yolk into the wine. Fast for one night prior, then take.
Da Xiaoshi Wan (Large Saltpeter Pill), treats Seven Zheng and Eight Jia. Knotting into痞块 (痞块: fixed masses). Leukorrhea and infertility in women. After taking elixirs, if there are Zheng/Jia in the abdomen, one must first purge...
Formula: Xiaoshi (Saltpeter, 6 liang), Dahuang (Rhubarb Root, 8 liang), Renshen (Ginseng Root), Gancao (Licorice Root) (each 3 liang). Grind into powder. Use three-year-old sour wine 3 sheng, place in a copper vessel... exhaust... three... nourish... (Text fragmentary).
Si Wu Tang (Four Substances Decoction), Formula: Danggui (Angelica Sinensis Root), Xuanhusu (Corydalis Rhizome), Weilingxian (Spirit Clad Vine Stem), Guanguirui (Official Cinnamon Bark) (equal parts). Grind into powder. Take 3 qian each time. Mix with wine, take on an empty stomach.
Xiao San Leng Wan (Small Knotgrass Pill, from *Yifang Jicheng*), treats Shi Zheng (Food Mass), Jiu Jia (Wine Jia), Xue Jia (Blood Jia), Qi Kuai (Qi Lump). Frequent stabbing pain. Complete loss of appetite. And stagnation not resolving.
Formula: Jing San Leng (Knotgrass Rhizome), Peng Ezhu (Curcuma Rhizome) (each 4 liang), Yuanhua (Genkwa Flower, 1 liang, remove stems and leaves). Place together in a porcelain vessel. Use rice vinegar 5 sheng, soak fully, seal the vessel. ... Pill ... (Text fragmentary).
Yi Wo Qi Wan (One Grip Seven Pills), treats wind-cold stored in viscera. Disharmony of Qi and Blood. Stagnant retained fluid. Forming Zheng/Jia masses. Female Xue Jia. Blockage in intestines and stomach. Inability to eat. Cough, regurgitation, distension. Bloody and white dysentery. Cholera with tendon twitching. Fist clenching/spasm. Pain in waist, spine, legs, and knees. Inability to walk.
Formula: Shenqu (Medicated Leaven, 0.5 jin, stir-fry until yellow), Da Fuzi (Large Prepared Aconite Root) (two pieces, processed, remove skin/core), Gancao (Licorice Root, honey-fried, 2 liang). Grind into powder. Honey pills, amount held in left hand. Divide into seven... (Text fragmentary).
Treats Zheng, Jia, Ji, Ju. Removes Three Corpses (pathogenic entities). Tonifies Qi, prolongs life, reverses aging.
Take Xionghuang (Realgar, 2 liang). Finely grind into powder. Water-wash nine times. Put into a new clean bamboo tube. Place a piece of steamed dough inside. Seal the tube mouth. Steam seven times... Woman comes... (Text fragmentary).
Treats Zheng, Jia, Ji, Ju. Wind-phlegm mania. Three Corpsces lurking corpses. Clears turbidity, lightens body, tonifies Qi. Makes one not hungry. Reverses aging after 100 days.
Use Tianmendong (Asparagus Root) powder. Take one cun bi (measure). Three times daily. Regardless... mountain or human realm. Just do not abandon. Long-term use is better. Brew in wine and take.
Treats Zheng, Jia, Ji, Ju.
Boil Manjingzi (Vitex Fruit) in water 2 sheng. Take the thick juice and drink.
Treats Zheng, Jia filling the abdomen, where other medicines fail. (From *Bencao*).
Drink human urine. All will pass out bloody flakes. Within twenty days, they will be expelled.