(以下总列共一十三卷)
愚按∶古方之散列于诸家者,既多且杂,或互见于各门,或彼此之重复,欲通其用,涉
猎固难,欲尽收之,徒资莠乱,今余采其要者,类为八阵,曰补、和、攻、散、寒、热、固
、因;八阵之外,复列有妇人、小儿、痘疹、外科之四方。且于诸方之中,仍以类聚,庶乎
奇正罗列,缓急并陈,或舍短可以就长,或因此可以校彼,慧眼所及,朗如日星,引而伸之
,触类而长之,因古人之绳墨,得资我之变通,医中之能事,斯亦先几一着也,凡我同志,
其加省焉。
一曰补阵 存亡之几,几在根本,元气既亏,不补将何以复,故方有补阵。
二曰和阵 病有在虚实气血之间,补之不可,攻之又不可者,欲得其平,须从缓治,故
方有和阵。
三曰攻阵 邪固疾深,势如强寇,速宜伐之,不可缓也,故方有攻阵。
四曰散阵 邪在肌表,当逐于外,拒之不早,病必日深,故方有散阵。
五曰寒阵 阳亢伤阴,阴竭则死,或去其火,或壮其水,故方有寒阵。
六曰热阵 阴极亡阳,阳尽则毙,或祛其寒,或助其火,故方有热阵。
七曰固阵 元气既伤,虚而且滑,漏泄日甚,不尽不已,故方有固阵。
八曰因阵 病有相同,治有相类,因证用方,亦有不必移易者,故方有因阵。
附列四方 古方于八阵之外,其有未尽者,如妇人有经脉胎产之异,小儿有养育惊疳之
异,痘疹有出没变化之异,外科有经脏表里之异,随几应变,治有不同,故并列方目于下。
(以下总共列出十三卷)
我考察认为:古代方剂散见于各家医书中的,数量众多且杂乱,有的在不同门类中互相重复出现,有的彼此之间内容重叠。想要通晓其用法,广泛涉猎固然困难;想要全部收录,只会徒增混乱干扰。如今我选取其中重要的部分,分类归纳为“八阵”,即补、和、攻、散、寒、热、固、因;在八阵之外,又单独列出妇科、儿科、痘疹、外科四个方面的方剂。并且在各类方剂之中,仍然按照类别聚集整理,使得奇方与正方罗列有序,缓治与急治并列呈现,或者舍弃短处以取长处,或者借此方以对比彼方,具有慧眼的人看去,清晰如日月星辰一般。由此引申,触类旁通,依据古人的法度,获得我的变通运用,医学中的精妙事务,这也算是先见之明的一步了,希望各位志同道合的医者,加以审察。
第一是补阵:生死的关键,在于根本,元气既然亏损,如果不进行补益,凭借什么来恢复呢?所以有补阵。
第二是和阵:疾病处于虚实气血之间的状态,补益不可行,攻伐也不可行,想要达到平衡,必须从缓治疗,所以有和阵。
第三是攻阵:邪气坚固且病位深重,形势如同强盗寇贼,应当迅速讨伐,不可以迟缓,所以有攻阵。
第四是散阵:邪气在肌表,应当将其驱逐于体外,拒绝得如果不早,病情必定日益加深,所以有散阵。
第五是寒阵:阳气亢盛损伤阴液,阴液枯竭则会导致死亡,或者清除火热,或者滋壮肾水,所以有寒阵。
第六是热阵:阴气极盛导致亡阳,阳气耗尽则会毙命,或者祛除寒邪,或者助长火势,所以有热阵。
第七是固阵:元气已经受伤,既虚弱又滑脱,漏泄一天比一天严重,不彻底止住不停止,所以有固阵。
第八是因阵:疾病表现相同,治疗方法相似,根据证候使用方剂,也有不需要改变的情况,所以有因阵。
附列四方:古代方剂在八阵之外,还有未尽涵盖的部分,比如妇女有月经、怀孕、生产的不同,小儿有养育、惊风、疳积的不同,痘疹有出没变化的不同,外科有经络脏腑、表里的不同,随着时机灵活应变,治疗各有不同,所以将这四方的目录并列在下面。
(Below, a total of thirteen volumes are listed.)
I have observed that ancient prescriptions scattered among various medical texts are numerous and mixed. Some appear repeatedly across different categories, while others overlap with each other. To understand their applications, extensive reading is indeed difficult; to collect them all would merely add to confusion. Therefore, I have selected the essential ones and classified them into eight "Arrays" (classification systems): Tonifying (Bu), Harmonizing (He), Attacking (Gong), Dispersing (San), Cooling (Han), Heating (Re), Consolidating (Gu), and Causal/Specific (Yin). Beyond these eight arrays, I have additionally listed prescriptions for Gynecology (Fuke), Pediatrics (Xiaoer), Smallpox/Rash diseases (Douzhen), and Surgery (Waike). Furthermore, within these prescription groups, they are still organized by category, so that unorthodox and orthodox methods are laid out systematically, and slow and urgent treatments are presented together. One may discard shortcomings to adopt strengths, or compare one formula with another. With clear insight, everything becomes as bright as the sun and stars. By extending this knowledge and applying it through analogy, relying on the standards of the ancients while gaining flexibility in application, one achieves mastery in medicine. This represents a foresight step. I hope my fellow practitioners will examine this carefully.
The first is the Tonifying Array (Bu Zhen): The critical point between life and death lies in the root. Once Yuan Qi (Original Qi) is depleted, without tonification, how can recovery be achieved? Hence, there is the Tonifying Array.
The second is the Harmonizing Array (He Zhen): When a disease exists in a state between deficiency and excess, involving Qi and Blood, neither tonification nor attack is appropriate. To achieve balance, treatment must be gradual. Hence, there is the Harmonizing Array.
The third is the Attacking Array (Gong Zhen): When pathogenic factors are entrenched and deep, resembling a strong enemy, rapid elimination is required and cannot be delayed. Hence, there is the Attacking Array.
The fourth is the Dispersing Array (San Zhen): When pathogens are at the muscle and surface level, they should be expelled outward. If resistance is not established early, the disease will inevitably deepen. Hence, there is the Dispersing Array.
The fifth is the Cooling Array (Han Zhen): When Yang hyperactivity injures Yin, and Yin exhaustion leads to death, one must either eliminate fire or nourish Water (Kidney Yin). Hence, there is the Cooling Array.
The sixth is the Heating Array (Re Zhen): When Yin extremity leads to the loss of Yang, and Yang depletion results in death, one must either dispel cold or assist Fire (Yang). Hence, there is the Heating Array.
The seventh is the Consolidating Array (Gu Zhen): When Yuan Qi is damaged, leading to both deficiency and slipping/leakage, which worsens daily and does not stop until fully arrested, consolidation is necessary. Hence, there is the Consolidating Array.
The eighth is the Causal/Specific Array (Yin Zhen): When diseases present similarly and treatments are alike, using formulas based on specific syndromes sometimes requires no alteration. Hence, there is the Causal/Specific Array.
Appendix: Four Additional Arrays: Beyond the Eight Arrays, ancient prescriptions cover areas not fully addressed, such as the differences in menstruation, pregnancy, and childbirth in women; the differences in nurturing, fright, and malnutrition (Gan syndrome) in children; the variations in emergence and transformation in smallpox/rashes; and the distinctions in meridians, zang-fu organs, and interior-exterior relationships in surgery. Adapting to circumstances with flexible changes, treatments differ accordingly. Therefore, the titles of these four additional arrays are listed below.