龙骨（二七四）味甘，平，性收涩。其气入肝肾，故能安神志，定魂魄，镇惊悸，涩肠胃，逐
邪气，除夜梦鬼交，吐血衄血，遗精梦泄，收虚汗，止泻痢，缩小便，禁肠风下血尿血，虚滑脱肛
，女子崩淋带浊，失血漏胎，小儿风热惊痫。亦疗肠痈脏毒，内疽阴蚀，敛脓敛疮，生肌长肉，涩
可去脱，即此属也。制须酒煮焙干，或用水飞过，同黑豆蒸熟晒干用之。
海螵蛸（二七五）即乌贼鱼骨味咸，性微温，足厥阴、少阴肝肾药也。咸走血，故专治血病，疗
妇人经枯血闭，血崩血淋，赤白带浊，血 气瘕，吐血下血，脐腹疼痛，阴蚀疮肿，亦治痰疟，消
瘿气，及丈夫阴中肿痛，益精固精，令人有子，小儿下痢脓血，亦杀诸虫，俱可研末饮服。尤治眼
中热泪，磨翳去障，并宜研末和蜜点之。为末可敷小儿疳疮痘疮，臭烂脓湿，下疳等疮，跌打出血，
汤火诸疮。烧灰存性酒服，治妇人阴户嫁
痛。同鸡子黄，涂小儿童舌鹅口。同蒲黄末，敷舌肿出血如泉。同槐花末吹鼻，止衄血。同麝香吹
耳，治KT 耳耳聋。乌贼鱼善补益精气，尤治妇人血枯经闭。
牡蛎（二七六）味微咸微涩，气平。用此者，用其涩能固敛，咸能软坚。专入少阴肾脏，随药
亦走诸经。能解伤寒温疟寒热往来，消瘀血，化老痰，去烦热，止惊痫心脾气痛，解喉痹咳嗽，疝
瘕积块，痢下赤白，涩肠止便，禁鬼交遗沥，止滑精带下，及妇人崩中带漏，小儿风痰虚汗。同熟
地，固精气，禁遗尿。同麻黄根，敛阴汗。同杜仲，止盗汗。同白术，燥脾利湿。同大黄，善消痈
肿。同柴胡，治胁下硬痛。同天花茶，消上焦瘿瘤瘰 结核。
穿山甲（二七七）味咸平，性微寒。能通经络，达腠理，除山岚瘴气疟疾，风痹强直疼痛，疗
小儿五邪惊啼，妇人鬼魅悲泣，下乳汁，消痈肿，排脓血，除疮疥痔漏，通窍杀虫。佐补药行经，
善发痘疮。或炮焦投入煎剂，或烧灰存性，酒服方寸匕。亦可用傅恶疮。
青鱼胆（二七八）味苦，性寒。其色青，故入肝胆二经。能消赤目肿痛，点暗目，可吐喉痹痰
涎，涂热疮恶疮，亦消鱼骨之鲠。
白花蛇（二七九）即蕲蛇也。味甘咸，性温，有毒。诸蛇鼻俱向下，惟此蛇鼻向上，而龙头虎
口，黑质白花，胁有方胜纹二十四个，口有四长牙，尾上有一佛指甲者是。用宜去头尾各三寸，以
防其毒。春秋酒浸三宿，夏一宿，冬五宿，火炙，去尽皮骨，取肉焙干，密封藏之，久亦不坏。诸
蛇之性皆窜，而此蛇尤速，故善于治风，能透骨髓，走脏腑，彻肌肤，无所不到。疗中风湿痹，骨
节疼痛，手足拘挛，不能行立，暴风瘙痒，破伤风，大风癞癣，及小儿惊风搐搦，瘰 杨梅，风毒
恶疮，俱为要药。凡服蛇酒药者，切忌见风。
珍珠（二百八十）味微甘微咸。能镇心明目，去翳磨障。涂面可除 斑，令人润泽好颜色。亦
除小儿惊热，安魂魄。为末可敷痘疔痘毒。
龟板（二八一）味微甘微咸，性微寒，阴也。能治痰疟，破症坚，祛湿痹伤寒劳投，骨中寒热，
消五痔阴蚀诸疮。
下甲能补阴血，清阴火，续筋骨，退劳热，疗腰脚酸痛，去瘀血，止血痢漏下赤白，利产难，消痈毒。
烧灰可敷小儿头疮难燥，妇人阴疮， 疮，亦治脱肛，龟板膏，功用亦同龟板，而性味浓浓，尤属
纯阴。能退孤阳阴虚劳热，阴火上炎。吐血衄血，肺热咳喘，消渴烦扰，热汗惊悸，谵妄狂躁之要
药。然性禀阴寒，善消阳气，凡阳虚假热，及脾胃命门虚寒等证，皆切忌之，毋混用也。若误用，
久之则必致败脾妨食之患。
僵蚕（二八二）味辛咸，性温，有小毒。辛能散，咸能降，毒能攻毒。轻浮而升，阳中有阴。
故能散风痰，去头风，消结核瘰 ，辟痰疟，破症坚，消散风热喉痹危证，尤治小儿风痰急惊客忤，
发痘疮，攻痘毒，止夜啼，杀三虫，妇人乳汁不通，崩中带下。为末可敷丹毒疔肿，拔根极效。灭
头面 斑，及诸疮瘢痕，金疮痔 ，小儿疳蚀，牙龈溃烂，重舌木舌，及大人风虫牙痛，皮肤风疹
瘙痒。
蟾蜍（二八三）俗名癞虾蟆。眉间有两囊，遍身有颗磊，其中俱有蟾酥，行极迟缓，不能跳跃，
亦不解鸣者是也。此物受土气之精，上应月魄，赋性灵异，穴土食虫，能制蜈蚣。入足阳明胃经。
消癖气积聚，破坚症肿胀，治五疳八痢、及小儿劳瘦疳热，杀疳虫，消痈肿鼠 ，阴疽恶疮。若治
破伤风，宜同花椒剁烂，入酒煮熟饮之，通身汗出即愈。亦解 犬毒。烧灰油调，敷有虫诸恶顽疮，
极效。又治瘟毒发斑危剧者，去肠生捣一二枚，绞汁饮之，无不即瘥，或烧灰汤送亦良。
蟾酥 味辛麻，性热，有毒。主治发背痈疽疔肿一切恶毒。若治风虫牙痛，及齿缝出血，以纸捻
醮少许点齿缝中，按之即止。
水蛭（二八四）味咸苦，性微寒，有毒。能逐恶血瘀血、破血症积聚，通经闭，和水道，堕胎。
咂赤白游疹，痈疽肿毒，及折伤跌扑瘀血不散。制用之法，当取田间啮人腹中有血者佳。须晒干细
锉，以微火炒黄熟方可用，或以冬收猪脂煎令焦黄用之亦可。不尔入腹则活，最能生子害人。若受
其害，惟以田泥水或黄土水饮数升，则必尽下，盖此物得土气即随土而走也。或以牛羊热血二一升，
同猪脂饮之亦下也。
鳖甲（二八五）味咸，气平，此肝脾肾血分药也。能消 瘕坚积，疗温疟，除骨节间血虚劳热，
妇人血症恶血，漏下五色，经脉不通，治产难，能堕胎，及产后寒热阴脱，小儿惊痫，斑痘烦喘，
亦消疮肿肠痈，扑损瘀血，敛溃毒，去阴蚀痔漏恶肉。然须取活鳖大者，去肉，用醋煮干，炙燥用
之。若诸煮熟肋骨露出者不堪用。
蜈蚣（二八六）一名即蛆，赤足者良。味辛，温，有毒。能啖诸蛇，杀诸蛇虫鱼鬼疰诸毒，去
三虫，攻瘰 便毒，痔 丹毒，亦疗小儿惊风脐风，丹毒秃疮。然此虫性毒，故能攻毒，不宜轻用。
若入药饵，须去头足，以火炙熟用之。
蝉蜕（二八七）味微甘微咸，性微凉。此物饮风吸露，气极清虚，故能疗风热之证，亦善脱化，
故可疗痘疮壅滞，起发不快。凡小儿惊痫，壮热烦渴，天吊口噤，惊哭夜啼，及风热目昏翳障，疔
肿疮毒，风疹痒痛，破伤风之类，俱宜以水煎服。或为末，以井花水调服一钱，可治喑哑之病。
斑蝥（二八八）味辛，性热，有大毒、能攻鼠 瘰 疮疽，破血积疝瘕，堕胎元，解疔毒、
犬毒、沙虱蛊母、轻粉毒，亦傅恶疮，去死肌败肉。制用之法，须去翅足，同糯米炒熟，然后可用。
或同麸炒，或同醋煮皆可。若中其毒，惟黑豆、绿豆汁、靛汁、黄连、浓茶、葱汁可以解之。
蜂房（二八九）味微甘微咸，有毒。疗蜂毒肿毒。合乱发、蛇蜕烧灰，以酒服二方寸匕，治恶
疽附骨疽疔肿诸毒，亦治赤白痢，遗尿失禁，阴痿。煎水可洗狐尿疮、乳痈、蜂螫恶疮，及热病后
毒瓦斯冲目。漱齿牙，止风虫牙痛。炙研，和猪脂，涂瘰 成 。
五灵脂（二百九十）味苦，气辛，善走厥阴，乃血中之气药也。大能行血行气，逐瘀止痛，凡
男子女人有血中气逆而腹胁刺痛，或女人经水不通，产后血滞，男子疝气，肠风血痢，冷气恶气，
心腹诸痛，身体血痹，胁肋筋骨疼痛，其效甚捷。若女人血崩，经水过多，赤带不止，宜半炒半
生，酒调服之。亦治小儿气逆癫痫，杀虫毒，解药毒，行气极速。但此物气味俱浓，辛膻难当，善
逐有余之滞，凡血气不足者，服之大损真气，亦
善动吐，所当避也。制用之法，当用酒飞去砂石，晒干入药。
全蝎（二九一）味甘辛，有毒。蝎生东方，色青属木，足厥阴肝经药也。故治中风诸风，开
风痰，口眼 斜，半身不遂，语言蹇涩， 疟，耳聋，疝气，风疮瘾疹，小儿风痰惊痫，是亦冶风
之要药。
文蛤（二九二）即五倍子。味酸涩，性微凉，能敛能降。故能降肺火，化痰涎，生津液，解
酒毒。治心腹疼痛，梦泄遗精，疗肿毒喉痹。止咳嗽消渴，呕血失血，肠风脏毒，滑泄久痢，痔
下血不止。解蛊毒虫毒，妇人崩淋带浊，子肠不收，小儿夜啼，脱肛，俱可为散服之。若煎汤用，
可洗赤眼湿烂，皮肤风湿癣癞，肠痔脱肛。为末，可敷金疮折伤，生肌敛毒。
百药煎（二九三）即五倍子酿造者。味酸涩微甘，功用与五倍子颇同。但经酿造而成，其气稍
浮，其味稍甘而纯，故用以清痰解渴止嗽，及收敛耗散诸病，作丸噙化为尤佳，及治下焦滑泄诸病，
亦更优也。
蜗牛（二九四）负壳而行者。味咸，性寒，有小毒。能清火解热。生研汁饮，消喉痹，止消渴
鼻衄，通耳聋，治肿毒痔漏，疗小儿风热惊痫。加麝香捣罨脐间，大利小便，亦敷脱肛。及治蜈蚣
虿毒，俱宜研烂敷之。无壳者，名蜒岫。治热疮痈毒肿痛。少入冰片，研涂痔漏脱肛热痛最良，解
蜈蚣毒尤捷。
蚯蚓（二九五）味咸，性寒，沉也，阴也，有毒。能解热毒，利水道。主伤寒瘅疟，黄胆消渴，
二便不遍。杀蛇瘕三虫，伏尸鬼疰蛊毒，射罔药毒。疗癫狂喉痹，风热赤眼，KT 耳鼻 ，瘰 ，
阴囊热肿，脱肛。去泥，盐化为水，治天行瘟疫，大热狂躁，或小儿风热癫狂急惊，饮汁最良。亦
可涂丹毒漆疮。炒为末服，可去蛔虫，亦可敷蛇伤肿痛，蜘蛛伤毒。入葱管化汁，可治耳聋及蚰蜒
入耳。若中蚯蚓毒者，惟以盐汤浸洗，或饮一杯，皆可解之。粪名六一泥，可涂火疮 腮热毒，亦
止消渴，解瘟疫烦热狂躁，利小水，通五淋热闭疼痛。
桑螵蛸（二九六）即螳螂育子房也。深秋作房，粘着桑枝之上，房长寸许，大如拇指，其内重
重有隔，每房有子如蛆卵子是也。味甘微咸，性平。能益气益精，助阳生子，疗男子虚损，阴痿梦
遗，疝瘕遗尿，治女人血闭腰
痛，通五淋，利水道。炮熟空心食之，可止小便不禁。
龙骨（编号二七四）味甘，性平，具有收敛固涩的特性。其气入肝肾经，因此能够安定神志，镇摄魂魄，平息惊悸，固涩肠胃，驱除邪气，消除夜间梦交、吐血、鼻衄、遗精及梦泄，收敛虚汗，止住泻痢，缩小便，制止肠风下血和尿血，治疗虚寒滑脱导致的脱肛，以及女子崩漏、带下浑浊、失血、胎漏，小儿风热惊痫等症。也能治疗肠痈、脏毒、内疽、阴蚀，收敛脓液疮口，促进肌肉生长。所谓“涩可去脱”，指的就是这类功效。炮制需用酒煮后焙干，或用水飞法处理，或与黑豆蒸熟晒干后使用。
海螵蛸（编号二七五）即乌贼鱼的骨骼，味咸，性微温，是足厥阴肝经和足少阴肾经的药物。咸味入血分，因此专门治疗血病，如妇女月经枯竭、闭经、血崩、血淋、赤白带下浑浊、血瘕积聚、吐血、便血、脐腹疼痛、阴部溃烂疮肿等；也治疗痰疟，消散瘿气，以及男子阴部肿痛，补益精气、固精，帮助受孕，小儿痢疾脓血等，均可研成粉末冲服。尤其擅长治疗眼中热泪、磨翳去障，宜研末调和蜂蜜点眼。研末可外敷小儿疳疮、痘疮、臭烂脓湿、下疳等疮疡，跌打出血，烫伤火伤等各种疮疡。烧灰存性后用酒送服，可治疗妇人阴户嫁痛。与鸡蛋黄同用，涂抹于小儿鹅口疮。与蒲黄末同用，外敷舌肿出血如泉涌者。与槐花末同用吹鼻，可止鼻衄。与麝香同用吹耳，治疗耵聍耳聋。乌贼鱼善于补益精气，尤其治疗妇女血枯经闭。
牡蛎（编号二七六）味微咸微涩，气平。使用此药，是利用其涩能固敛、咸能软坚的特性。专入足少阴肾经，随配伍药物也可通行各经。能解除伤寒、温疟引起的寒热往来，消散瘀血，化解老痰，去除烦热，止住惊痫、心脾疼痛，解除喉痹咳嗽、疝气瘕块积聚、痢疾下赤白，固涩肠道止泻，禁止鬼交遗沥，止住滑精带下，以及妇女崩中带漏、小儿风痰虚汗等。与熟地黄同用，可固精气，禁止遗尿。与麻黄根同用，收敛阴汗。与杜仲同用，止盗汗。与白术同用，燥脾利湿。与大黄同用，善于消散痈肿。与柴胡同用，治疗胁下硬痛。与天花粉同用，消散上焦瘿瘤、瘰疬结核。
穿山甲（编号二七七）味咸平，性微寒。能疏通经络，通达腠理，祛除山岚瘴气疟疾，风痹强直疼痛，治疗小儿五邪惊啼，妇人鬼魅悲泣，下乳汁，消散痈肿，排出脓血，祛除疮疥痔漏，通窍杀虫。作为补药的佐使以通行经络，善于透发痘疮。或炮焦投入煎剂，或烧灰存性，用酒送服一方寸匕。也可外用敷贴恶疮。
青鱼胆（编号二七八）味苦，性寒。因其色青，故入肝胆二经。能消除赤目肿痛，点治暗目，可催吐喉痹痰涎，涂治热疮恶疮，也能消除鱼骨鲠喉。
白花蛇（编号二七九）即蕲蛇。味甘咸，性温，有毒。所有蛇的鼻子都向下，只有这种蛇鼻子向上，且龙头虎口，黑底白花，胁下有二十四个方胜纹，口中有四颗长牙，尾巴上有一个佛指甲特征的即是。使用时应去掉头尾各三寸，以防其毒性。春秋两季用酒浸泡三晚，夏季一晚，冬季五晚，用火炙烤，去掉皮骨，取肉焙干，密封贮藏，久放也不会坏。各种蛇的药性都善窜行，而这种蛇尤为迅速，所以善于治疗风病，能透入骨髓，走窜脏腑，彻达肌肤，无处不到。治疗中风湿痹、骨节疼痛、手足拘挛、不能行走站立、暴风瘙痒、破伤风、大风癞癣，以及小儿惊风抽搐、瘰疬杨梅、风毒恶疮等，都是重要药物。凡服用蛇酒药的人，切忌见风。
珍珠（编号二百八十）味微甘微咸。能镇心安神、明目，去除翳膜障碍。涂面可除去色斑，使人润泽好颜色。也能治疗小儿惊热，安魂魄。研末可外敷痘疔痘毒。
龟板（编号二八一）味微甘微咸，性微寒，属阴。能治疗痰疟，破除癥坚，祛除湿痹、伤寒劳损，骨中寒热，消除五痔、阴蚀诸疮。
龟板能补阴血，清阴火，续接筋骨，退除劳热，治疗腰脚酸痛，去除瘀血，止血痢、漏下赤白，利于难产，消散痈毒。
烧成灰可外敷小儿头疮难干燥者、妇人阴疮、臁疮等，也治疗脱肛。龟板膏的功效与龟板相同，但性味更浓烈，属于纯阴之品。能退除孤阳阴虚劳热、阴火上炎。是治疗吐血、鼻衄、肺热咳喘、消渴烦扰、热汗惊悸、谵妄狂躁的重要药物。然而其性禀赋阴寒，善于消损阳气，凡是阳虚假热，以及脾胃命门虚寒等证候，都切忌使用，不要混用。如果误用，久而久之必然导致败坏脾胃、妨碍饮食的祸患。
僵蚕（编号二八二）味辛咸，性温，有小毒。辛能发散，咸能降逆，毒能攻毒。质地轻浮而升，阳中有阴。因此能疏散风痰，去除头风，消散结核瘰疬，辟除痰疟，破除癥坚，消散风热喉痹危重证候，尤其治疗小儿风痰急惊客忤，透发痘疮，攻伐痘毒，止住夜啼，杀灭三虫，治疗妇人乳汁不通、崩中带下。研末可外敷丹毒疔肿，拔毒根极有效。灭除头面色斑，以及各种疮疡瘢痕、金疮痔漏、小儿疳蚀、牙龈溃烂、重舌木舌，以及大人风虫牙痛、皮肤风疹瘙痒等。
蟾蜍（编号二八三）俗名癞虾蟆。眉间有两个囊，遍身有颗粒，其中都有蟾酥，行动极其迟缓，不能跳跃，也不懂得鸣叫的就是它。此物承受大地精气的精华，上应月魄，禀赋灵性灵异，穴居土中食虫，能制服蜈蚣。入足阳明胃经。消除癖气积聚，破除坚硬症结肿胀，治疗五疳八痢、以及小儿劳瘦疳热，杀灭疳虫，消散痈肿鼠瘘、阴疽恶疮。若治疗破伤风，宜与花椒一起剁烂，加入酒煮熟饮用，全身出汗即愈。也能解犬毒。烧灰用油调匀，敷在有虫的各种恶顽疮上，极有效。又治疗瘟毒发斑危重者，去掉内脏生捣一二枚，绞汁饮用，无不立即痊愈，或烧灰用汤水送服也很好。
蟾酥 味辛麻，性热，有毒。主治发背痈疽疔肿一切恶毒。若治疗风虫牙痛，以及齿缝出血，用纸捻蘸少许点入齿缝中，按压即止。
水蛭（编号二八四）味咸苦，性微寒，有毒。能驱逐恶血瘀血，破除血症积聚，通经闭，利水道，堕胎。吸吮赤白游疹，痈疽肿毒，以及折伤跌扑瘀血不散。炮制使用方法，应当选取田间吸食人腹中有血的水蛭为佳。须晒干细锉，用微火炒至黄熟方可使用，或用冬季收集的猪脂煎至焦黄使用也可以。否则进入腹部会存活，最能生子害人。如果受到其害，只需用田泥水或黄土水饮用数升，则必能全部排出，因为此物得到土气就会随着土气而行。或者用牛羊热血二三升，同猪脂一起饮用也能排出。
鳖甲（编号二八五）味咸，气平，这是肝脾肾血分的药物。能消散瘕坚积，治疗温疟，除骨节间血虚劳热，妇女血症恶血，漏下五色，经脉不通，治疗难产，能堕胎，以及产后寒热阴脱，小儿惊痫，斑痘烦喘，也能消散疮肿肠痈，扑损瘀血，收敛溃毒，去除阴蚀痔漏恶肉。然而必须选取活的大鳖，去掉肉，用醋煮干，炙燥后使用。如果各种煮熟肋骨露出的则不堪使用。
蜈蚣（编号二八六）一名即蛆，红脚的为好。味辛，温，有毒。能吞食各种蛇，杀灭各种蛇虫鱼鬼疰诸毒，去除三虫，攻伐瘰疬便毒、痔漏丹毒，也治疗小儿惊风脐风、丹毒秃疮。然而此虫性毒，所以能攻毒，不宜轻易使用。若入药饵，须去掉头足，用火炙熟后使用。
蝉蜕（编号二八七）味微甘微咸，性微凉。此物饮风吸露，气极清虚，因此能治疗风热证候，也善于脱化，因此可治疗痘疮壅滞，起发不快。凡小儿惊痫、壮热烦渴、天吊口噤、惊哭夜啼，以及风热目昏翳障、疔肿疮毒、风疹痒痛、破伤风之类，都适宜用水煎服。或研为粉末，用井花水调服一钱，可治疗喑哑之病。
斑蝥（编号二八八）味辛，性热，有大毒。能攻伐鼠瘘瘰疬疮疽，破血积疝瘕，堕胎元，解疔毒、犬毒、沙虱蛊母、轻粉毒，也外敷恶疮，去除死肌败肉。炮制使用方法，须去掉翅足，同糯米炒熟，然后才可使用。或同麸皮炒，或同醋煮都可以。如果中毒，只有黑豆、绿豆汁、靛汁、黄连、浓茶、葱汁可以解毒。
蜂房（编号二八九）味微甘微咸，有毒。治疗蜂毒肿毒。合乱发、蛇蜕烧成灰，用酒送服二方寸匕，治疗恶疽附骨疽疔肿诸毒，也治疗赤白痢、遗尿失禁、阳痿。煎水可洗狐尿疮、乳痈、蜂螫恶疮，以及热病后毒瓦斯冲目。漱口牙齿，止风虫牙痛。炙研，和猪脂，涂敷瘰疬成疮。
五灵脂（编号二百九十）味苦，气辛，善走厥阴经，是血中之气药。大能行血行气，逐瘀止痛，凡男子女人有血中气逆而腹胁刺痛，或女人经水不通、产后血滞、男子疝气、肠风血痢、冷气恶气、心腹诸痛、身体血痹、胁肋筋骨疼痛，其效果非常快捷。若女人血崩、经水过多、赤带不止，宜半炒半生，酒调服之。也治疗小儿气逆癫痫，杀虫毒，解药毒，行气极速。但此物气味俱浓，辛膻难当，善于驱逐有余之滞，凡血气不足者，服用之大损真气，也容易引发呕吐，应当避免使用。炮制使用方法，应当用酒飞去砂石，晒干入药。
全蝎（编号二九一）味甘辛，有毒。蝎子生于东方，色青属木，是足厥阴肝经的药物。因此治疗中风诸风，开泄风痰，口眼歪斜，半身不遂，语言蹇涩，疟疾，耳聋，疝气，风疮瘾疹，小儿风痰惊痫，也是治疗风病的重要药物。
文蛤（编号二九二）即五倍子。味酸涩，性微凉，能收敛能降逆。因此能降肺火，化痰涎，生津液，解酒毒。治疗心腹疼痛、梦泄遗精、疗肿毒喉痹。止咳嗽消渴，呕血失血，肠风脏毒，滑泄久痢，痔下血不止。解蛊毒虫毒，妇人崩淋带浊，子肠不收，小儿夜啼，脱肛，都可为散剂服用。若煎汤用，可洗赤眼湿烂、皮肤风湿癣癞、肠痔脱肛。研末，可敷金疮折伤，生肌敛毒。
百药煎（编号二九三）即五倍子酿造而成。味酸涩微甘，功用与五倍子颇同。但经过酿造而成，其气稍浮，其味稍甘而纯，因此用以清痰解渴止嗽，以及收敛耗散诸病，作丸剂含化为尤佳，以及治疗下焦滑泄诸病，也更优越。
蜗牛（编号二九四）背着壳行走的。味咸，性寒，有小毒。能清火解热。生研汁饮用，消除喉痹，止消渴鼻衄，通耳聋，治疗肿毒痔漏，治疗小儿风热惊痫。加麝香捣烂敷于脐间，大利小便，也敷脱肛。以及治疗蜈蚣虿毒，都宜研烂敷之。无壳的，名叫蜒岫。治疗热疮痈毒肿痛。少入冰片，研涂痔漏脱肛热痛最良，解蜈蚣毒尤捷。
蚯蚓（编号二九五）味咸，性寒，沉也，阴也，有毒。能解热毒，利水道。主治伤寒瘅疟，黄疸消渴，二便不通。杀蛇瘕三虫，伏尸鬼疰蛊毒，射罔药毒。治疗癫狂喉痹，风热赤眼，耵聍耳鼻息肉，瘰疬，阴囊热肿，脱肛。去泥，盐化为水，治疗天行瘟疫，大热狂躁，或小儿风热癫狂急惊，饮汁最良。也可涂丹毒漆疮。炒为末服，可去蛔虫，也可敷蛇伤肿痛，蜘蛛伤毒。入葱管化汁，可治耳聋及蚰蜒入耳。如果中蚯蚓毒者，只需用盐汤浸洗，或饮一杯，皆可解毒。粪名六一泥，可涂火疮腮热毒，也止消渴，解瘟疫烦热狂躁，利小水，通五淋热闭疼痛。
桑螵蛸（编号二九六）即螳螂育子的房室。深秋筑房，粘着在桑枝之上，房长约一寸许，大如拇指，其内重重有隔，每房有子如蛆卵子状。味甘微咸，性平。能益气益精，助阳生子，治疗男子虚损、阳痿梦遗、疝瘕遗尿，治疗女人血闭腰痛，通五淋，利水道。炮熟空心食用，可止小便不禁。
Longgu (Dragon Bone, B.174) is sweet in flavor and neutral in nature, possessing astringent properties. Its qi enters the Liver and Kidney meridians; therefore, it can calm the Shen (Spirit), stabilize the Hun and Po (Ethereal and Corporeal Souls), suppress palpitations and fright, astringe the intestines and stomach, expel pathogenic factors, eliminate nocturnal emissions with sexual dreams, hematemesis, epistaxis, spermatorrhea, and nocturnal seminal loss; it收敛s deficiency sweating, stops diarrhea and dysentery, reduces urination frequency, prohibits intestinal wind bleeding and hematuria, treats prolapse of the rectum due to deficiency and slipping, women's metrorrhagia, leukorrhea turbidity, blood loss, fetal leakage, and pediatric wind-heat convulsions. It also treats intestinal abscesses, visceral toxins, internal carbuncles, and genital ulcers; it consolidates pus and sores, generates muscle tissue, and promotes flesh growth. The principle that "astringency can treat collapse" belongs to this category. Preparation requires boiling in wine and baking until dry, or processing by water-floating method, or steaming with black soybeans until cooked and then drying in the sun for use.
Haipiaoxiao (Cuttlebone, B.175) is the bone of the cuttlefish, salty in flavor and slightly warm in nature, serving as a herb for the Foot-Jueyin Liver and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridians. Salty flavors enter the Blood level; thus, it specializes in treating blood disorders, such as amenorrhea due to blood exhaustion, blood stasis obstruction, metrorrhagia, bloody strangury, red and white leukorrhea turbidity, blood masses, hematemesis, lower body bleeding, umbilical and abdominal pain, genital ulcers and swellings; it also treats phlegm-malaria, dissipates goiter qi, and addresses male genital swelling and pain, tonifies essence, secures essence, aids conception, pediatric dysentery with pus and blood, etc., all of which can be taken as powder mixed with water. It is particularly effective for hot tears in the eyes and grinding away corneal opacities; it should be ground into powder and mixed with honey for eye drops. Powdered form can be applied externally to pediatric malnutrition sores, smallpox sores, foul-smelling purulent wet lesions, chancre sores, traumatic bleeding, burns, and various other sores. Calcined to retain its nature and taken with wine, it treats female vaginal pain after childbirth. Mixed with egg yolk, it is applied to pediatric thrush. Mixed with Puhuang powder, it is applied to swollen tongue bleeding like a spring. Mixed with Huaihua powder and insufflated into the nose, it stops epistaxis. Mixed with Moschus and insufflated into the ear, it treats cerumen deafness. Cuttlefish is good at tonifying essence and qi, especially for treating female blood exhaustion and amenorrhea.
Muli (Oyster Shell, B.176) has a slightly salty and slightly astringent flavor, and neutral qi. Using this herb relies on its astringency to consolidate and gather, and its saltiness to soften hardness. It specifically enters the Foot-Shaoyin Kidney meridian and, depending on compatibility, can travel through various meridians. It can resolve alternating chills and fever from Cold Damage and Warm Malaria, dissipate blood stasis, transform old phlegm, remove irritability and heat, stop convulsions and heart-spleen pain, relieve throat obstruction and cough, hernia masses and accumulations, dysentery with red and white discharge, astringe the intestines to stop defecation, prohibit ghostly intercourse and residual dripping, stop slippery spermatorrhea and leukorrhea, as well as women's metrorrhagia and leukorrhea leakage, and pediatric wind-phlegm deficiency sweating. Combined with Shudi (Prepared Rehmannia Root), it consolidates essence and qi and prohibits enuresis. Combined with Mahuanggen (Ephedra Root), it收敛s yin sweat. Combined with Duzhong (Eucommia Bark), it stops night sweats. Combined with Baizhu (Atractylodes Macrocephala Rhizome), it dries spleen dampness. Combined with Dahuang (Rhubarb Root), it effectively dissipates carbuncle swellings. Combined with Chaihu (Bupleurum Root), it treats hard and painful hypochondrium. Combined with Tianhuafen (Trichosanthes Root), it dissipates upper jiao goiters, scrofula, and tubercles.
Chanshijia (Pangolin Scales, B.177) is salty and neutral in flavor, slightly cold in nature. It can unblock collaterals, reach interstices, eliminate mountainous malarial pathogens, wind-bi stiffness and pain, treat pediatric five evils crying from fright, women's ghostly weeping, promote lactation, dissipate carbuncle swellings, drain pus and blood, eliminate sores, tinea, hemorrhoids, and fistulas, unblock orifices, and kill parasites. As an assistant to tonic herbs to circulate channels, it effectively induces eruption of smallpox. It may be charred and added to decoctions, or calcined to retain its nature and taken with wine using a measure of one cubic inch. It can also be used externally to apply to malignant sores.
Qingyudan (Black Carp Gallbladder, B.178) is bitter in flavor and cold in nature. Due to its green color, it enters the Liver and Gallbladder meridians. It can reduce red eye swelling and pain, treat dim vision, induce vomiting of phlegm-saliva in throat obstruction, apply to hot sores and malignant ulcers, and also dissolve fish bone impaction.
Baihuashe (Bungarus multicinctus, B.179) is Qishe (Viper). It is sweet and salty in flavor, warm in nature, and toxic. All snakes have downward-pointing nostrils, but this snake has upward-pointing nostrils, dragon head, tiger mouth, black body with white patterns, twenty-four square-patterned stripes on the flanks, four long fangs, and a "Buddha nail" on the tail tip. When used, remove three cun each from the head and tail to prevent toxicity. Soak in wine for three nights in spring and autumn, one night in summer, and five nights in winter, roast over fire, remove skin and bones, take the meat, bake dry, seal tightly for storage, and it will not spoil even after a long time. The nature of all snakes is penetrating, but this snake is especially rapid; thus, it excels in treating wind diseases, penetrating marrow, traversing zang-fu organs, reaching muscles and skin, going nowhere without reaching. It is a key herb for treating wind-damp bi, joint pain, limb contracture, inability to walk or stand, sudden wind itching, tetanus, leprosy-like tinea, pediatric wind convulsions, scrofula, yaws, wind-toxin malignant sores, etc. Those taking snake wine or medicines must strictly avoid exposure to wind.
Zhenzhu (Pearl, B.180) is slightly sweet and slightly salty. It can calm the Heart, brighten the eyes, remove corneal opacities, and grind away barriers. Applied to the face, it removes spots and makes the skin lustrous and healthy. It also treats pediatric wind-heat and fright, stabilizes the Hun and Po. Powdered form can be applied to smallpox boils and toxins.
Guiban (Tortoise Plastron, B.181) is slightly sweet and slightly salty, slightly cold in nature, and Yin in quality. It treats phlegm-malaria, breaks firm masses, dispels damp-bi, Cold Damage, consumptive fever, cold-heat in bones, eliminates five types of hemorrhoids, genital ulcers, and various sores.
Guiban tonifies Yin blood, clears deficient Yin fire, reconnects sinews and bones,退s consumptive fever, treats soreness and pain in waist and legs, removes blood stasis, stops dysentery and leukorrhea leakage, facilitates difficult labor, and dissipates carbuncle toxins.
Calcined ash can be applied to stubborn pediatric scalp sores, female genital sores, leg ulcers, and also treats rectal prolapse. Guiban paste has the same functions as Guiban but with stronger properties, belonging purely to Yin. It retreats isolated Yang deficiency consumptive fever and flaming deficient fire. It is a key herb for treating hematemesis, epistaxis, lung-heat cough and asthma, thirst and restlessness, hot sweating, palpitations, delirium, and mania. However, its nature is Yin-cold and it easily consumes Yang qi; thus, it is strictly contraindicated for false heat due to Yang deficiency, and deficiency-cold of the Spleen-Stomach and Mingmen. Do not mix them. Misuse will eventually lead to damaging the Spleen and hindering appetite.
Jiangcan (Bombyx Batryticatus, B.182) is pungent and salty, warm in nature, slightly toxic. Pungency disperses, saltiness descends, and toxicity attacks toxicity. It is light and floating, rising, containing Yin within Yang. Thus, it disperses wind-phlegm, removes head wind, dissipates tubercles and scrofula, wards off phlegm-malaria, breaks firm masses, dissipates critical conditions of wind-heat throat obstruction, and especially treats pediatric wind-phlegm acute fright and external invasion, induces eruption of smallpox, attacks smallpox toxins, stops night crying, kills three parasites, treats female milk stasis, metrorrhagia, and leukorrhea. Powdered form can be applied to erysipelas and carbuncles, extracting roots with extreme efficacy. It removes facial spots and scar marks from various sores, golden wounds, hemorrhoids, pediatric malnutrition erosion, gum ulceration, double tongue and wooden tongue, adult wind-parasitic toothache, and skin wind-rash itching.
Chantu (Toad, B.183) is commonly known as Lai Xama. It has two sacs between the eyebrows, granules all over its body containing Chan Su (Toad Venom), moves very slowly, cannot jump, and does not croak. This creature receives the essence of Earth Qi, corresponds to the Moon Soul, possesses spiritual nature, burrows in earth eating insects, and can subdue centipedes. It enters the Foot-Yangming Stomach meridian. It dissipates phlegm-stagnation masses, breaks firm masses and swelling, treats five malnourishments and eight dysenteries, pediatric wasting-thirst fever, kills malnutrition parasites, dissipates carbuncle swellings and rat-like scrofula, yin abscesses, and malignant sores. To treat tetanus, chop with Sichuan pepper, cook in wine, and drink; profuse sweating indicates cure. It also antidotes dog bites. Calcined ash mixed with oil is highly effective for applying to chronic malignant sores with parasites. For critical cases of plague toxin causing macules, remove entrails, crush raw one or two specimens, squeeze juice and drink, resulting in immediate recovery; or take calcined ash with water soup, which is also good.
Chansu (Toad Venom) is pungent and numbing, hot in nature, and toxic. It mainly treats back carbuncles, furuncles, boils, and all kinds of malignant toxins. For wind-parasitic toothache and bleeding gums, dip a paper twist in a small amount and apply to the gum crevice; pressing stops the bleeding.
Shuizhi (Leech, B.184) is salty and bitter, slightly cold in nature, and toxic. It drives out evil blood and blood stasis, breaks blood masses and accumulations, unblocks amenorrhea, benefits water passages, and induces abortion. It sucks red-white wandering rashes, carbuncle swellings and toxins, and unresolved blood stasis from fractures and falls. For preparation, select those from fields that suck blood from human bellies. Sun-dry, finely chop, stir-fry over low heat until yellow and cooked before use; or fry in pig fat collected in winter until dark yellow. Otherwise, they survive in the abdomen, reproduce, and harm people. If harmed, drinking several sheng of field mud water or yellow earth water will cause them to pass out completely, as this creature follows Earth Qi when it encounters it. Alternatively, drinking two or three sheng of fresh ox or sheep blood with pig fat also expels them.
Biejia (Softshell Turtle Carapace, B.185) is salty in flavor and neutral in qi; it is a herb for the Blood aspect of the Liver, Spleen, and Kidney. It dissipates firm masses and accumulations, treats warm malaria, removes blood-deficiency consumptive fever between joints, female blood masses and evil blood, five-color leukorrhea, unblocked menstruation, treats difficult labor, induces abortion, postpartum chills and fever, Yin prolapse, pediatric convulsions, smallpox irritability and panting, dissipates sores and intestinal abscesses, traumatic blood stasis, consolidates ulcerated toxins, and removes genital ulcers, hemorrhoids, fistulas, and malignant flesh. However, live large turtles must be selected, meat removed, boiled in vinegar until dry, roasted, and used. Cooked ones with exposed ribs are unsuitable.
Wugong (Centipede, B.186) is also called Qu. Red-legged ones are superior. Pungent, warm, and toxic. It eats various snakes, kills snake, insect, fish, and ghost-infection toxins, removes three parasites, attacks scrofula, bubo, hemorrhoids, and erysipelas, and treats pediatric wind convulsions, umbilical wind, erysipelas, and bald sores. Since this insect is toxic, it can attack toxins, but should not be used lightly. If used in medicine, remove head and feet, roast over fire until cooked before use.
Chantui (Cicada Slough, B.187) is slightly sweet and slightly salty, slightly cool in nature. This creature drinks wind and absorbs dew, possessing extremely clear and empty qi; thus, it treats wind-heat syndromes. It is also good at shedding and transforming, so it treats smallpox stagnation and slow eruption. For pediatric convulsions, high fever with irritability and thirst, opisthotonos and lockjaw, crying and night crying, wind-heat blurred vision and corneal opacities, boil sores and toxins, wind-rash itching and pain, tetanus, etc., decocting in water is suitable. Or grind into powder, mix with well water, and take one qian to treat aphonia.
Banmao (Mylabris, B.188) is pungent, hot in nature, and highly toxic. It attacks rat-like scrofula, boils, carbuncles, breaks blood accumulation and hernia masses, damages fetal origin, antidotes boil toxins, dog bites, sandfly poison, mother-gu poison, calomel poison, applies to malignant sores, and removes dead tissue and rotten flesh. Preparation requires removing wings and feet, stir-frying with glutinous rice until cooked before use. Stir-frying with bran or boiling with vinegar is also acceptable. If poisoned, only black bean juice, mung bean juice, indigo juice, Coptis chinensis Decoction, strong tea, and scallion juice can antidote it.
Fefang (Honeycomb, B.189) is slightly sweet and slightly salty, and toxic. It treats bee venom and swellings. Mixed with tangled hair and snake slough, calcined to ash, and taken with wine (two cubic inches), it treats malignant carbuncles, deep-seated carbuncles, boils, and various toxins; also treats red-white dysentery, enuresis and incontinence, and impotence. Decocted water can wash fox-urine sores, breast carbuncles, bee sting malignant sores, and toxin rushing to eyes after febrile disease. Rinsing teeth stops wind-parasitic toothache. Roasted, ground, mixed with pig fat, and applied to scrofula forming sores.
Wulingzhi (Trogopterus Dung, B.190) is bitter in flavor and pungent in qi, good at entering the Jueyin meridian; it is a Qi-moving herb within the Blood. It greatly moves Blood and Qi, expels stasis, and stops pain. For men and women with Qi reversal in Blood causing stabbing pain in abdomen and hypochondrium, or women with amenorrhea, postpartum blood stasis, men's hernia, intestinal wind bloody dysentery, cold qi and evil qi, various heart-abdominal pains, body blood-bi, hypochondriac and rib bone-joint pain, the effect is very swift. For women with metrorrhagia, excessive menstruation, and continuous red leukorrhea, half-charred and half-raw, taken with wine is suitable. It also treats pediatric Qi-reversal epilepsy, kills parasite toxins, antidotes drug toxins, and moves Qi extremely fast. However, its odor and taste are strong and pungent-fishy, difficult to bear; it is good at driving out excess stagnation. For those with insufficient Blood and Qi, it severely damages True Qi and easily induces vomiting; it should be avoided. Preparation requires washing with wine to remove sand and stones, sun-drying, and adding to medicine.
Quanxie (Scorpion, B.191) is sweet and pungent, and toxic. Scorpions originate from the East, are green and belong to Wood; they are herbs of the Foot-Jueyin Liver meridian. Thus, they treat stroke and various winds, open wind-phlegm, facial paralysis, hemiplegia, speech impediment, malaria, deafness, hernia, wind-sores and hives, pediatric wind-phlegm convulsions; they are also key herbs for treating wind diseases.
Wenge (Clam Shell / Galla Chinensis, B.192) is Galla Chinensis. Sour and astringent, slightly cool in nature, capable of consolidating and descending. Thus, it descends Lung Fire, transforms phlegm-saliva, generates fluids, and antidotes alcohol toxicity. It treats heart-abdominal pain, dream emission and spermatorrhea, carbuncle toxins, and throat obstruction. Stops cough and thirst, hematemesis and blood loss, intestinal wind and visceral toxins, slippery chronic dysentery, persistent hemorrhoidal bleeding. Antidots gu poison and insect toxins, women's metrorrhagia and leukorrhea turbidity, uterine prolapse, pediatric night crying, rectal prolapse; all can be taken as powder. If decocted, it can wash red eyes with wet rot, skin wind-damp tinea and leprosy, intestinal hemorrhoids, and rectal prolapse. Powdered form can apply to golden wounds and fractures, generate muscle, and consolidate toxins.
Baiyaojian (Fermented Galla, B.193) is fermented Galla Chinensis. Sour, astringent, slightly sweet, with similar functions to Galla Chinensis. But due to fermentation, its Qi is slightly floating, and its taste is slightly sweet and pure; thus, it is used to clear phlegm, quench thirst, stop cough, and consolidate dissipative diseases, especially excellent as pills for holding in the mouth, and superior for treating lower jiao slippery diseases.
Wo Niu (Snail, B.194) carries its shell while walking. Salty, cold in nature, slightly toxic. Clears fire and resolves heat. Raw juice drunk reduces throat obstruction, stops thirst and epistaxis, unblocks deafness, treats swellings, hemorrhoids, and fistulas, and pediatric wind-heat convulsions. Mixed with Moschus, pounded and applied to the navel, greatly promotes urination, and also applies to rectal prolapse. Also treats centipede and scorpion stings, best applied after pounding. Without shell, named Yanxiu. Treats hot sores and carbuncle swellings. Adding a little Bingpian (Borneol), grinding and applying to hemorrhoid/fistula/prolapse heat-pain is best, and antidoting centipede venom is particularly swift.
Di Long (Earthworm, B.195) is salty, cold in nature, sinking, Yin, and toxic. Resolves heat toxins, benefits water passages. Mainly treats Cold Damage, burning malaria, jaundice, thirst, and incomplete urination/defecation. Kills snake masses, three parasites, corpse ghosts, gu poisons, and curare toxins. Treats mania, throat obstruction, wind-heat red eyes, cerumen and nasal polyps, scrofula, scrotal heat-swelling, rectal prolapse. Removing mud, dissolving in salt water, treats epidemic plague, high fever and mania, or pediatric wind-heat mania and acute convulsions; drinking juice is best. Can also apply to erysipelas and lacquer dermatitis. Fried and taken as powder, removes roundworms; can also apply to snake bite swelling/pain and spider bite toxins. Put in scallion tube to liquefy, treats deafness and centipede entering ear. If poisoned by earthworm, soaking or drinking salt water antidotes it. Feces named Liuyi Ni can apply to fire burns and cheek heat toxins, stops thirst, antidots plague irritability/manias, benefits small urination, unblocks five stranguries with heat-closure pain.
Sangpiaoxiao (Mantis Egg Case, B.196) is the chamber where mantises raise offspring. Built in late autumn, attached to mulberry branches, about one cun long, thumb-sized, with multiple internal partitions, containing eggs like maggot eggs. Sweet and slightly salty, neutral in nature. Tonifies Qi and Essence, assists Yang and conception, treats male deficiency, impotence, dream emission, hernia, and enuresis; treats female blood closure and lumbar pain, unblocks five stranguries, benefits water passages. Cooked and eaten on an empty stomach stops urinary incontinence.