三和散（和百五十 气秘） 益血丹（补一五七 亡血久虚） 人参固本丸（补百六 阴虚）
润肠汤（和三三三 血燥） 通幽汤（和三三四 燥结痛） 半硫丸（热一八七 虚冷秘） 皂
角散（和三三七 通秘） 当归承气汤（攻六） 十全大补汤（补二十 虚秘） 犀角丸（攻九十
痰火秘） 益血润肠汤（和三四二 老人便秘） 调营活络饮（和二八三） 大已寒丸（热一七
一寒秘） 木香槟榔丸（攻五十 积热秘） 芍药清肝散（寒六一） 当归龙荟丸（寒一六七）
桃仁承气汤（攻四） 《圣惠》搜风顺气丸（和三四四 血燥热）
夫病非人之所好，而何以有诈病？盖或以争讼，或以斗殴，或以妻外家相妒，或以名利相
关，则人情诈伪出乎其间，使不有以烛之，则未有不为其欺者。其治之之法，亦惟借其欺而
反欺之，则真情自露而假病自瘳矣。此亦医家所必不可少者。
仲景曰∶病者向壁卧，闻师到不惊起而 视，若三言三止，脉之咽唾者，此诈病
也。设见脉自和处，或师持其脉病患欠者，皆无病也。但言此病大重，当须服吐下药，针灸
数十百处乃愈。
予向同数友游寓榆关，客邸内一友，素耽风月，忽于仲冬一日，谯鼓初闻，其友急叩予
户，启而问之，则张皇求救。云∶所狎之妓，忽得急证，势在垂危，倘遭其厄，祸不可解。
予随往视之，见其口吐白沫，僵仆于地，以手摸之，则口鼻四肢俱冷，气息如绝。陡见其状
，殊为惊骇，因拽手诊之，则气口和平，脉不应证。予意其脉和如此，而何以证危如是？第
以初未经识，犹不知其为诈也。然沉思久之，则将信将疑，而复诊其脉，则安然如故，如豁
然省悟，岂即仲景之说也。遂大声于病妓之傍曰∶此病危矣，使非火攻，必不可活；非用如
枣如栗之艾，亦不可活；又非连灸眉心、人中、小腹数处，亦不可活，余寓有艾，宜速取来
灸之。然火灸尚迟，姑先与一药，使其能咽，咽后少有声息，则生意已复，即不灸亦可。若
口不能咽，或咽后无声，当速灸可也。即与一药，嘱其服后即来报我。彼狡奴闻予之言，窃
已惊怖。惟恐大艾着身，药到即咽，咽后少顷，即哼声出而徐动徐起矣。予次日问其所以，
乃知为吃醢而发也。予闻之大笑，始知姊妹行中，奸狡之况有如此。
又予在都中时，一相契金吾公，蓄二外家，其一则燕姬也，有母随之。一日二外家相竞，燕
外家理屈，其母助恶，叫跳撒赖，遂至气厥若死。乃令一婢抱持而坐，自暮及旦，绝无苏意。
清晨延予疗之。予初入室，见其肉浓色黑，面青目瞑，手撒息微，及诊其脉，则伏渺如脱，
亦意其真危也。斯时也，欲施温补，则虑其大怒之后，逆气或有未散；欲加开导，则虑其脉
之似绝，虚极有不能胜。踌躇未决，乃请复诊。及入室再见，则不若前次之撒手，而十指交
叉，抱腹仰坦于婢者之怀。因疑其前番撒手，今既能叉手，岂他人之所为乎？及着手再诊，
则似有相嫌不容之意，而拽之不能动，此更可疑也。因出其不意，卒猛一扯，则顿脱有声，
力强且劲。由是前疑始释，谓其将死之人，岂犹力有如是乎？乃思其脉之若此者。或以肉浓
气滞，此北人禀赋多有之也。或以两腋夹紧，此奸人狡诈亦有之也。若其面青息微，则怒气
使然，自不足怪。识见既定，因声言其危，使闻灸法，以恐胜之。遂先投一剂，到咽即活。
次日会公，因询予曰∶日昨之病，固料其势必危矣。然谓其为真邪，则何以药甫其唇，而效
之峻速有如此？谓其为假耶，则何以能终夜做作，而形证之肖似有如此？昨公所用之药，果亦
有何玄秘否？是皆不能无疑也。予曰∶予之玄秘，秘在言耳。但使彼惧，敢不速活。经曰∶
忧可胜怒，正此谓也。是可见人情之巧，其有最难测者皆如此，使昨非再诊而再察之，则予
亦几为所诳矣。是以凡遇此类，不可不加之详审。
又一姻戚士子，为宦家所殴，遂卧病旬日，吐血盈盆。因喧传人命，连及多人，延医数
辈，见其危剧之状，皆束手远避，防为所累也。最后予往视之，察其色，则绝无窘苦之意，
诊其脉，则总皆和缓如常。予始疑之，而继则悟之，因潜语之曰∶他可欺也，予亦可欺耶？
此尔之血也，抑家禽之血耶？其人愕然。浼予无言，遂为调和，而相衔感而散。又一邻
妇，以妒外家作闹，诟夫反目，因而病剧，则切牙瞪眼，僵厥不苏。若命在呼吸间者。其夫惊
惶无措，其外家连遭不堪。 予救之，则脉非其病，遂用前法治之，愈后其夫感谢，而
不知为其所愚也。若此二人，则又人事中之常态，使不有悬朗之鉴，则此中变幻，有以假病
而延成真病者。有以小忿而延成大祸者。兹予拂之若振埃。但为人造福，而且可防人之欺，
故亦纪之，以资仓卒之急用。
三和散（调和气血一百五十例，主治气秘） 益血丹（补益一百五十七例，主治亡血久虚） 人参固本丸（补益百六例，主治阴虚）
润肠汤（调和三百三十三例，主治血燥） 通幽汤（调和三百三十四例，主治燥结痛） 半硫丸（温热一八七例，主治虚冷秘） 皂角散（调和三百三十七例，主治通秘） 当归承气汤（攻下六例） 十全大补汤（补益二十例，主治虚秘） 犀角丸（攻下九十例，主治痰火秘） 益血润肠汤（调和三四二例，主治老人便秘） 调营活络饮（调和二百八十三例） 大已寒丸（温热一七一例，主治寒秘） 木香槟榔丸（攻下五十例，主治积热秘） 芍药清肝散（寒凉六一例） 当归龙荟丸（寒凉一六七例） 桃仁承气汤（攻下四例） 《圣惠》搜风顺气丸（调和三四四例，主治血燥热）
疾病并非人们所喜好，但为何会有装病的情况？大概是因为争讼、斗殴、妻族亲属间的嫉妒，或因名利关系，人情中的欺诈虚伪便产生于其间。如果不加以洞察，就没有不被其欺骗的。治疗这种病症的方法，也是借助他们的欺骗而反过来欺骗他们，那么真情自然显露，假病也就痊愈了。这也是医生必不可少的手段。
张仲景说：病人面向墙壁躺着，听到医生到来不惊起也不回头看，说话吞吞吐吐，切脉时咽唾沫的，这是装病。如果见到脉象平和之处，或者医生持脉时病人打哈欠的，都是没有病的。只说这病很重，必须服用催吐或泻下的药物，并在数十上百个穴位进行针灸才能痊愈。
我以前与几位朋友旅居山海关，在客栈里有一位朋友，平时沉迷于风月场所，忽然在一个仲冬的日子，更鼓刚响，他的朋友急忙敲我的门，开门一问，则惊慌失措地求救。说：他所宠爱的妓女，突然得了急症，情况危急，倘若遭遇不幸，灾祸无法解脱。我随即前往诊治，看见她口吐白沫，僵倒在地上，用手摸她，口鼻四肢都冰冷，气息微弱如同断绝。乍见这种状况，非常惊骇，于是拉过手来诊脉，却发现寸口脉象平和，脉象与症状不符。我心里想，脉象如此平和，为什么症状却如此危重？只是初次认识，还不知道她是装病。然而沉思良久，将信将疑，再次诊脉，依然安然如故，如同豁然省悟，难道就是张仲景所说的吗？于是大声在病妓旁边说：这病很危险了，如果不是用火攻，一定不能活；不用像枣子栗子那样大的艾炷，也不能活；又不连续灸眉心、人中、小腹等几个部位，也不能活，我住处有艾草，快去拿来灸治。然而火灸还慢，暂且先给一服药，让她能咽下去，咽后稍有声息，生机就已经恢复，即使不灸也可以。如果口不能咽，或者咽后无声，应当速灸。随即给了一服药，嘱咐她服完后回来报信。那狡猾的奴仆听到我的话，私下已经惊恐害怕。唯恐大艾着身，药一到就咽下，咽后片刻，就哼出声并慢慢活动慢慢起来了。我第二天问其原因，才知道是吃了酱肉引发的。我听了大笑，才知道姐妹行中，奸诈狡猾的情形竟到了这种地步。
另外我在京城时，一位相好的金吾公，蓄养了两个外室，其中一个是燕姬，有母亲跟随。一天两个外室争吵，燕姬理亏，她的母亲助恶，叫跳撒赖，以至于气厥昏死如同死亡。于是让一个婢女抱着坐着，从傍晚到早晨，完全没有苏醒的意思。清晨请我去诊治。我刚进房间，看见她肌肉丰满肤色黑，面色青眼睛闭，手松开呼吸微弱，等到诊脉，脉象沉伏细微如同脱失，也认为她真的危重。这个时候，想要施以温补，又担心她大怒之后，逆气或许还未消散；想要加用开导，又担心脉象似绝，极度虚弱不能承受。犹豫不决，于是请求再次诊脉。等到进房间再见，就不像前次那样手松开，而是十指交叉，抱着肚子仰躺在婢女的怀里。因此怀疑她前番手松开，现在既然能叉手，难道是别人做的吗？等到着手再诊，似乎有嫌弃不容纳的意思，而且拉扯她不能动，这更加可疑了。于是出其不意，突然猛力一扯，顿时发出声响，力气强劲有力。由此之前的疑虑才消除，说将死之人，难道还有这样的力气吗？于是思考她的脉象之所以这样，也许是因为肌肉丰满气机阻滞，这是北方人禀赋多有的现象。也许是两腋夹紧，这是奸人狡诈的表现。至于面色青呼吸微弱，则是怒气使然，本来不值得奇怪。见识确定后，于是大声说病情危重，让她听说灸法，用恐惧战胜她。于是先投一剂药，喝下去就活了。第二天会见金吾公，于是询问我说：昨天的病，固然预料她势必危重。然而说是真病，为什么药刚碰到嘴唇，疗效如此峻猛迅速？说是假病，为什么能整夜做作，而形证如此相似？昨天您所用的药，果然有什么玄妙秘密吗？这些都是不能不疑惑的。我说：我的玄妙秘密，秘密在于言语。只要让她恐惧，敢不迅速好转。经书说：忧可以胜怒，正是这个意思。由此可见人情的巧妙，最难测度的都是如此，假如昨天不是再次诊察，那么我也几乎被欺骗了。所以凡是遇到这类情况，不可不加以详细审察。
又一个姻亲读书人，被宦官人家殴打，于是卧病十天，吐血满盆。因为喧传人命案件，牵连多人，延请了几位医生，看到他那危重剧烈的样子，都束手远避，防备被连累。最后我去诊治，观察他的神色，完全没有窘迫痛苦的意思，诊他的脉，总皆和缓如常。我开始怀疑，继而领悟，于是悄悄对他说：别人可以被欺骗，我可以被欺骗吗？这是你的血呢，还是家禽的血呢？那人愕然。恳求我不要声张，于是为他调和病情，双方互相感激而散去。又一个邻居妇女，因为嫉妒外室闹事，辱骂丈夫反目，因而病情加重，则咬紧牙关瞪大眼睛，僵直昏厥不苏醒。好像生命在呼吸之间。她的丈夫惊慌无措，她的外室接连遭受不堪忍受的事。我去救治，发现脉象与病情不符，于是用前面的方法治疗，痊愈后她的丈夫感谢，却不知道是被愚弄了。像这两个人，又是人事中的常态，如果没有明察秋毫的鉴别，那么其中的变幻，就有因假病而拖延成真正疾病的。有小忿怒而拖延成大祸的。现在我拂去这些如同抖落灰尘一样。既是为他人造福，又可以防止被人欺骗，所以也记录下来，以备仓促时的急需。
Sanhe San (Harmonizing 150 cases, Qi Constipation) Yixue Dan (Tonifying 157 cases, Prolonged Deficiency after Blood Loss) Renshen Guben Wan (Tonifying 160 cases, Yin Deficiency)
Runchang Tang (Harmonizing 333 cases, Blood Dryness) Tongyou Tang (Harmonizing 334 cases, Dryness Accumulation Pain) Banshu Wan (Warming 187 cases, Cold Constipation due to Deficiency) Zaogao San (Harmonizing 337 cases, Unblocking Constipation) Danggui Chengqi Tang (Purging 6 cases) Shiquan Dabu Tang (Tonifying 20 cases, Deficiency Constipation) Xijiao Wan (Purging 90 cases, Phlegm-Fire Constipation) Yixue Runchang Tang (Harmonizing 342 cases, Constipation in the Elderly) Diaoying Huoluo Yin (Harmonizing 283 cases) Da Yihan Wan (Warming 171 cases, Cold Constipation) Muxiang Binglang Wan (Purging 50 cases, Accumulated Heat Constipation) Shaoyao Qinggan San (Cooling 61 cases) Danggui Longhui Wan (Cooling 167 cases) Taoren Chengqi Tang (Purging 4 cases) *Shenghui* Soushun Fengqi Wan (Harmonizing 344 cases, Blood Dryness with Heat)
Illness is not something people desire, so why does feigned illness occur? It may arise from litigation, fighting, jealousy among a wife's natal family members, or conflicts over fame and profit. Thus, human deceit and hypocrisy emerge from these situations. If one does not see through them, one will inevitably be deceived. The method of treating such conditions involves using their own deception against them, so that the true condition reveals itself and the feigned illness heals. This is an indispensable skill for physicians.
Zhang Zhongjing said: "When a patient lies facing the wall, does not startle up nor look when the physician arrives, speaks hesitantly ('three words, three pauses'), and swallows saliva during pulse diagnosis, this is feigned illness. If the pulse appears harmonious at certain points, or if the patient yawns while the physician holds the pulse, there is no disease. One should merely state that the illness is severe and requires emetic or purgative medicines, as well as acupuncture on dozens or hundreds of acupoints to cure."
Previously, I stayed with several friends in Yuguan (Shanhaiguan). In our lodging, a friend who was usually fond of entertainment venues suddenly knocked urgently on my door shortly after the evening drum sounded in mid-winter. Upon opening the door, he asked for help in a panic, saying, "The prostitute I frequent has suddenly fallen critically ill. If she dies, disaster cannot be resolved." I went to examine her immediately. She was foaming at the mouth, stiff and collapsed on the ground. Her mouth, nose, and limbs were cold to the touch, and her breath was faint, as if extinguished. Seeing this state startled me greatly. I pulled her wrist to check the pulse but found the Cun Kou (radial artery) pulse was peaceful and did not match the symptoms. I thought, "If the pulse is so peaceful, why are the symptoms so critical?" Since we had just met, I did not yet suspect feigning. However, after deep contemplation, feeling skeptical, I re-examined the pulse, which remained calm and unchanged. It was like a sudden realization—was this what Zhang Zhongjing described? I then loudly declared beside the feigning prostitute: "This illness is critical. Unless fire therapy is used, she cannot survive; unless large moxa cones the size of dates or chestnuts are used, she cannot survive; unless continuous moxibustion is applied to the glabella (Yintang), Renzhong, and lower abdomen, she cannot survive. I have moxa at my residence; fetch it quickly." However, moxibustion takes time. Let us first give a medicine to ensure she can swallow. If she makes sounds after swallowing, life force has returned, and moxibustion may not even be needed. If she cannot swallow or makes no sound afterward, moxibustion must be performed immediately." I gave her a dose of medicine and instructed her to report back after taking it. Hearing my words, the cunning woman was secretly terrified, fearing the large moxa cones. She swallowed the medicine immediately. Shortly after, she groaned, moved slowly, and sat up. The next day, when I asked for the cause, I learned it was triggered by eating fermented bean paste (Hais). I laughed heartily, realizing that women in the entertainment trade could be so deceitful.
Furthermore, when I was in the capital, a nobleman named Jinwu Gong, who kept two concubines, one of whom was a Yan girl accompanied by her mother, witnessed a dispute between the two concubines. The Yan girl was in the wrong, and her mother encouraged the aggression, shouting and throwing herself about until she suffered Qi syncope and appeared dead. A maid held her seated from dusk till dawn, with no sign of recovery. At dawn, they invited me to treat her. Upon entering the room, I saw she was fleshy with dark skin, face blue, eyes closed, hand relaxed, and breath faint. Her pulse was deep, minute, and seemingly absent, leading me to believe she was truly critical. At that moment, I wanted to apply warming tonification but feared the rebellious Qi from anger might not have dissipated; I considered using aromatic opening agents but worried her extreme deficiency could not tolerate them. Hesitating, I requested a second examination. Upon re-entering, I noticed her hands were no longer relaxed but crossed tightly, clutching her belly and leaning back into the maid's embrace. I suspected that since she could cross her hands now, the previous relaxation might have been feigned. When I touched her again, she seemed to resist, and pulling her arm required significant force. Suddenly, I pulled her arm unexpectedly and forcefully, hearing a snap and feeling strong resistance. My doubts vanished; how could a dying person have such strength? I reasoned that her deep pulse might be due to fleshiness causing Qi stagnation, common in Northern constitutions, or simply because she was clenching her arms in deceit. Her blue face and faint breath were merely results of anger. With this insight, I loudly proclaimed her condition critical and mentioned moxibustion to frighten her. I then administered a dose of medicine, which cured her upon ingestion. The next day, meeting the nobleman, he asked: "Yesterday, I predicted her critical state. But if it was real, why did the medicine work so swiftly upon touching her lips? If it was fake, why did she perform so convincingly all night? Was there any secret in your prescription?" I replied: "My secret lies in speech. By making her fearful, she recovered quickly. The Classics say: 'Worry can overcome anger.' This illustrates how difficult human nature is to fathom. Had I not examined her twice, I too would have been deceived. Therefore, such cases require careful scrutiny."
Another relative, a scholar, was beaten by a eunuch's household and lay ill for ten days, vomiting blood full of basins. Rumors of homicide spread, implicating many others. Several physicians visited, seeing his critical appearance, and avoided him out of fear of liability. Finally, I went to examine him. His complexion showed no signs of distress, and his pulse was harmonious and slow, as usual. I began to doubt, then realized the truth, and whispered to him: "Others may be deceived, but can you deceive me? Is this your blood, or poultry blood?" He was stunned. He begged me to keep quiet. I then provided harmonizing treatment, and both parties reconciled gratefully. Another neighbor woman caused a scene due to jealousy over a concubine, cursing her husband until she fell into a fit, grinding teeth, staring wide-eyed, stiff and unconscious, appearing on the verge of death. Her husband was panicked, and her relatives suffered humiliation. I treated her, finding the pulse inconsistent with the symptoms, and used the previous method. After recovery, her husband thanked me, unaware he had been tricked. These two cases represent common human behaviors. Without clear discernment, feigned illnesses could prolong into real diseases, and minor grievances could escalate into major disasters. I dismiss such deceptions easily, like shaking off dust. By doing so, I benefit others and prevent deception, so I record them for urgent reference.