甘咸寒，无毒。酒浸焙用。
《本经》主气癃止痛，利水道，除湿痹，久服轻身耐老。
发明 车前子入足太阳、少阴，能利小便而不走气，与茯苓同功。《本经》治气癃止痛
，通肾气也。小便利则湿去，湿去则痹除。《别录》治女子淋沥等病，专取清热利窍之功也
。男女阴中有二窍，一窍通精，一窍通水，二窍不兼开。水窍得气化乃出。精窍得火动乃泄
。车前专通气化，行水道，疏利膀胱，湿热不致扰动真火，而精气宁谧矣；故凡泻利暴下病
，小便不利而痛者，用车前子为末，米饮服二钱，利水道，厘清浊，而谷藏止矣。又治目疾
，水轮不清，取其降火而不伤肾也。时珍用以导小肠热，止暑湿泻，取甘平润下之用耳。阳
气下陷，肾气虚脱人勿服。其叶捣汁温服，疗火盛泄精甚验。若虚滑精气不固者禁用。
一名龙牙草
苦微寒，无毒。
发明 马鞭草色赤入肝经血分，故治妇人血气腹胀，月经不匀。通经散瘕，治金疮行血
活血。生捣汁饮治喉痹痈肿。又捣敷治下部 疮及蠼 尿，男子阴肿。惟阴血虚而胃弱者勿
服。
即狗尾草
发明 眼赤拳毛倒睫者，翻转目睑，以一二茎醮水戛去恶血甚良。
一名金陵草，即旱莲草
甘酸平，无毒。
发明 鳢肠草，肾经血分药，灸疮发洪血不可止者，敷之立已。汁涂眉发，生速而繁，
皆益肾养血之验，故乌须发方用之。《千金方》有金陵煎能益髭须变白为黑也，单用熬膏治
大便下血。肾主二便，但脾胃虚大便易泻者勿服。
甘咸寒，无毒。用酒浸泡后焙干使用。
《神农本草经》主治气滞导致的小便不通及疼痛，通利水道，祛除风湿痹痛，长期服用可使人身体轻健、延缓衰老。
发明：车前子归入足太阳膀胱经和足少阴肾经，能通利小便而不耗散正气，功效与茯苓相同。《神农本草经》治疗气滞小便不通以止痛，是因为它能通利肾气。小便通利则湿气去除，湿气去除则痹症消除。《名医别录》治疗女子淋沥等病，是专门利用其清热通窍的功效。男女外阴各有两个孔窍，一个孔窍通精液，一个孔窍通尿液，这两个孔窍不会同时开启。尿窍依靠气化作用才能排出尿液；精窍依靠火动（相火）才会泄出精气。车前子专门通行气化，疏通水道，疏利膀胱，使湿热不致扰动真火（肾中元气），从而使精气安宁静谧；所以凡是暴泻痢疾、小便不利且疼痛的病证，将车前子研成粉末，用米汤送服二钱，能通利水道，分清泌浊，从而止住腹泻。又用于治疗眼疾，因水轮（瞳孔，属肾）不清，取其降火而不损伤肾气的功效。李时珍用它来引导小肠的热邪，止住暑湿引起的腹泻，是利用其甘平润下的作用。阳气下陷、肾气虚脱的人不要服用。车前草的叶子捣汁温服，治疗火热旺盛导致的遗精非常有效。如果是虚滑、精气不固者禁用。
又名龙牙草。
苦微寒，无毒。
发明：马鞭草色赤，入肝经血分，所以治疗妇女血气引起的腹胀，月经不调。能通经散结，治疗金创出血，行血活血。生捣汁饮用治疗喉痹痈肿。又捣烂外敷治疗下部疮疡及蠼螋尿（一种皮肤病或症状），男子阴囊肿胀。只有阴血亏虚而胃气虚弱的人不要服用。
即狗尾草。
发明：眼睛发红、睫毛倒卷者，翻转眼睑，用一两茎狗尾草蘸水擦拭去除恶血，效果很好。
又名金陵草，即旱莲草。
甘酸平，无毒。
发明：鳢肠草是入肾经血分的药物，灸疮发出大量出血无法止住的，敷上它立即停止。汁液涂抹眉毛头发，生长迅速且繁茂，都是益肾养血的验证，所以乌须发的方剂中使用它。《千金方》中有金陵煎，能增加胡须毛发，使白发变黑，单用熬膏治疗大便下血。肾主管二便，但脾胃虚弱容易腹泻的人不要服用。
Sweet, salty, and cold; non-toxic. Use after soaking in wine and baking.
*Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states it treats Qi stagnation causing urinary obstruction and pain, promotes urination, dispels dampness and bi-syndrome (painful obstruction), and long-term use makes the body light and delays aging.
Invention: Cheqianzi (Plantago Seed) enters the Foot-Taiyang Bladder Meridian and Foot-Shaoyin Kidney Meridian. It promotes urination without depleting Qi, having the same efficacy as Fuling (Poria). *Shennong Bencao Jing* treats Qi stagnation and urinary obstruction with pain because it unblocks Kidney Qi. When urination is smooth, dampness is removed; when dampness is removed, bi-syndrome is eliminated. *Mingyi Bielu* (Record of Famous Physicians) treats female strangury and other diseases, specifically utilizing its heat-clearing and orifice-unblocking properties. Males and females have two orifices in the external genitalia: one for semen and one for urine; these two do not open simultaneously. Urine exits through the action of Qi transformation; semen is released through the movement of Fire (Ministerial Fire). Cheqianzi specifically facilitates Qi transformation, moves the water passages, and unblocks the Bladder, preventing damp-heat from disturbing the True Fire (Kidney Essence/Qi), thereby keeping the essence calm and quiet. Therefore, for conditions of acute diarrhea/dysentery and painful urinary difficulty, Cheqianzi powder taken with rice drink (2 qian) promotes urination, separates clear from turbid, and stops the grain storage (bowel) discharge. It also treats eye diseases where the Water Wheel (pupil, associated with Kidney) is unclear, taking advantage of its ability to descend fire without damaging the Kidney. Li Shizhen used it to guide heat from the Small Intestine and stop summer-damp diarrhea, utilizing its sweet, neutral, moistening, and descending properties. Those with sinking Yang Qi or Kidney Qi deficiency/collapse should not take it. The leaves, crushed for juice and taken warm, are very effective for treating seminal emission caused by excessive fire. It is contraindicated for those with deficiency-induced sliding and insecure essence.
Also known as Longya Cao.
Bitter, slightly cold; non-toxic.
Invention: Mabiancao has a red color and enters the Liver Meridian blood level, thus treating women's abdominal distension due to Blood and Qi disorders and irregular menstruation. It unblocks collaterals, dissipates masses, treats traumatic injuries, and promotes blood circulation. Drinking freshly crushed juice treats throat obstruction (Houbi) and carbuncles/swellings. Applying crushed herb externally treats lower body sores, Ququniao (a skin condition resembling bedbug bites or specific ulcers), and male penile swelling. Only those with Yin-Blood deficiency and weak Stomach Qi should avoid taking it.
It is Gouwei Cao.
Invention: For red eyes with inverted eyelashes, flip the eyelid and rub away bad blood with one or two stems dipped in water; this is very effective.
Also known as Jinling Cao, i.e., Hanlian Cao.
Sweet, sour, and neutral; non-toxic.
Invention: Lichangcao is a drug entering the Kidney Meridian blood level. Applied to moxibustion sores that bleed excessively and cannot be stopped, it halts bleeding immediately. Smearing the juice on eyebrows and hair causes them to grow quickly and luxuriantly, verifying its benefits for nourishing Kidney and Blood, hence its use in formulas for blackening beard and hair. *Qianjin Fang* contains Jinling Jian, which can increase beard/hair growth and turn white hair black; taken alone as a paste, it treats hematochezia (blood in stool). The Kidney governs the two excretions, but those with Spleen-Stomach deficiency prone to loose stools should not take it.