甘温无毒。
《本经》主风挛拘急偏枯，血气不通利。
发明 雁为信鸟，岂宜食之。故道家谓之天厌，性善通利血气。风挛拘急，偏枯，取肉
炙熟贴之。昔黄帝制指南于雁胫骨空中制针，取其能定南北也。但觅之不易，今人于鲤鱼脑
中制之，以其性专伏土定而不移，可定水土之方向也。
即家鸭
甘温无毒。嫩者有毒，老者无毒。
发明 之逼火而生， 水而长，未出卵时先得火气，故不惮冰雪，偏喜淫雨，而尾
膻浊最甚，故群雌一被其气皆得生化之机，不待 尾之遍也。温中补虚，扶阳利水是其本性。
男子阳气不振者食之最宜。患水肿人用之最妥。黑嘴白毛者，治肠胃久虚，葛可久白凤膏
用之，取金水相生之义，绿头老鸭治阳水暴肿，《外台》鸭头丸用之，取通调水道之义。白
鸭生血能补血解毒，劳伤吐血冲热酒调服屡效。中射工溪毒及野葛砒霜毒，灌之即解。误吞
金银入腹，乘热顿饮数升，其金即下。诸鸭涎治谷麦芒入喉及小儿痉风反张，滴之即消。卵
能闭气，以混沌未分塞人聪慧。诸病忌食，而滞下尤禁。白鸭通杀石药毒，凡服药过剂昏迷
眩晕者，取白鸭通一合，汤渍，澄清服之即解，勿以其秽而弃诸。
即野鸭
甘平无毒。
发明 凫逐群飞，夏藏冬见，与鸿雁不异。其在九月以后，立春以前味极鲜美，病患食
之全胜家鸭。以其肥而不脂，而易化，故滞下泄泻，喘咳上气，虚劳失血及产后、病后无不
宜之。虽有安中利水之功，而方药曾未之及，孟诜除十一种虫等治未能深信。《摘玄方》解
挑生蛊毒，取生凫血热饮探吐。于此可悟生鹅血可吐胸腹诸虫、血积，总以血引血同气相应
之力耳。
甘温，无毒。
《神农本草经》主治风邪引起的筋脉拘挛、肢体偏侧枯萎，以及气血运行不畅。
【发明】雁是守信之鸟，怎么可以吃它呢？所以道家称其为“天厌”（上天所厌恶之物），其性善于通行利导气血。对于风邪导致的筋脉拘挛、肢体偏枯，取雁肉烤熟后贴敷患处。从前黄帝在雁胫骨的空腔中制作指南针的针，就是利用它能确定南北方向的特性。但寻找雁胫骨并不容易，现在人们用鲤鱼脑来制作，因为鲤鱼的性质专于伏土安定而不移动，可以用来确定水土的方向。
即家鸭
甘温，无毒。嫩鸭子有毒，老鸭子无毒。
【发明】鸭子迫近火气而生，依赖水而长，在未出蛋壳时先获得火气，所以不怕冰雪，特别喜好淫雨，且尾部膻味浊气最重，因此一群雌鸭一旦受到这种气息影响，都能获得生化之机，不需要等到尾巴遍布全身。它具有温中补虚、扶阳利水的本性。男子阳气不振者食用最为适宜。患有水肿的人使用也最稳妥。黑嘴白毛的鸭子，治疗肠胃长期虚弱，葛可久的白凤膏中使用它，取金水相生的含义；绿头老鸭治疗阳水突发肿胀，《外台秘要》中的鸭头丸中使用它，取通调水道的含义。白鸭能生血、补血、解毒，劳损受伤吐血者冲热酒服用多次见效。中毒箭、溪毒以及野葛、砒霜毒，灌服即可解除。误吞金银入腹，趁热顿饮数升，其中的金属物就会排出。各种鸭子的唾液治疗谷麦芒刺入喉咙及小儿惊风角弓反张，滴入即可消除。鸭蛋能闭塞气机，使人变得愚钝不明事理。各种疾病都忌食鸭肉，而痢疾患者尤其禁止食用。白鸭通杀石药毒，凡是服药过量导致昏迷眩晕者，取白鸭通一合，用水浸泡，澄清后服用即可解毒，不要因为它的污秽而丢弃不用。
即野鸭
甘平，无毒。
【发明】野鸭成群飞翔，夏天隐藏冬天出现，与鸿雁没有不同。它在九月以后、立春以前味道极其鲜美，病人食用它完全胜过家鸭。因为它肥腻但不油腻，容易消化，所以对于痢疾泄泻、喘咳上气、虚劳失血以及产后、病后无不适宜。虽然它有安中利水的功效，但在方药中未曾提及，孟诜关于去除十一种虫等的治疗效果未能深信。《摘玄方》解挑生蛊毒，取生野鸭血热饮并探吐。从这里可以领悟到，生鹅血可以吐出胸腹部的各种虫积、血积，总归是利用血引血、同气相应的力量罢了。
Sweet and warm, non-toxic.
The *Shennong Bencao Jing* (Divine Farmer's Materia Medica) states it treats wind-induced spasms and contractures, hemiplegia, and obstruction of Qi and blood flow.
[Invention] The wild goose is a bird of fidelity; how can it be eaten? Therefore, Daoists call it "Tianyan" (Annoyance of Heaven). Its nature is good at promoting the free flow of Qi and blood. For wind-induced spasms and contractures or hemiplegia, roast the meat and apply it topically to the affected area. In ancient times, the Yellow Emperor made the needle for the south-pointing chariot using the hollow cavity of the goose's shin bone, taking advantage of its ability to determine north and south. However, finding such bones is difficult; nowadays, people use carp brain to make them, because the carp's nature is specifically grounded in earth, stable and immovable, which can determine the direction of water and earth.
That is, domestic duck
Sweet and warm, non-toxic. Young ducks are toxic; old ducks are non-toxic.
[Invention] Ducks are born close to fire and grow relying on water. Before hatching from the egg, they first acquire fire energy, so they do not fear ice and snow, but prefer excessive rain. Their tail has the strongest rank odor and turbidity. Therefore, when one female duck is exposed to this qi, all the hens in the flock gain the mechanism of generation and transformation, without needing the tail to spread throughout the body. Warming the middle and tonifying deficiency, supporting Yang and promoting urination are its inherent nature. It is most suitable for men with weak Yang Qi. It is also appropriate for patients suffering from edema. Black-beaked white-feathered ducks treat chronic deficiency of the stomach and intestines; Ge Kejiu's Baifeng Gao (White Phoenix Paste) uses them, drawing on the principle of Metal generating Water. Green-headed old ducks treat sudden swelling due to Yang-type edema; the Yadou Wan (Duck Head Pill) in the *Waitai Miyao* (Essential Prescriptions from the Imperial Cabinet) uses them, drawing on the principle of unblocking and regulating the water passages. White ducks generate blood, tonify blood, and detoxify. For hemorrhage due to labor injury, mixing with hot wine and ingesting has proven effective repeatedly. Duck saliva treats thorns from grain entering the throat and infantile tetanus with opisthotonos; dripping it causes immediate relief. Duck eggs can obstruct Qi and cloud mental clarity. Duck meat is contraindicated in various diseases, especially dysentery. White ducks can detoxify mineral medicines. For those who have taken an overdose of medicine leading to coma and dizziness, take one he of Baiyatong (a specific part/preparation of white duck), soak in water, clarify, and drink to resolve the toxicity; do not discard it due to its perceived filth.
That is, wild duck
Sweet and neutral, non-toxic.
[Invention] Wild ducks fly in flocks, hiding in summer and appearing in winter, similar to swans and geese. After September and before the Start of Spring, their taste is extremely delicious, and patients eating them fare much better than with domestic ducks. Because they are fatty but not greasy, and easy to digest, they are suitable for dysentery and diarrhea, wheezing and coughing with rebellious Qi, consumptive fatigue with blood loss, as well as postpartum and post-illness conditions. Although they have the merit of calming the middle and promoting urination, they are rarely mentioned in prescriptions. Meng Shen's claims about removing eleven types of parasites cannot be fully trusted. The *Zhaixuan Fang* (Excerpted Mysterious Formulas) treats fresh Gu poison by drinking raw wild duck blood hot and inducing vomiting. From this, we can understand that raw goose blood can expel worms and blood stasis from the chest and abdomen, relying entirely on the power of blood guiding blood and resonance of same Qi.