（本经中品）
界域相连，依真傍假呼卢，应六性相近也。
【气味】辛温，无毒。
【主治】主寒热鼠 瘰 ，生疮，破结聚气，下瘀血，除湿疸。
【核】曰∶假苏，即荆芥。窃似卢苏，原属野生，今为俗用，遂多种莳。二月布子生苗，
方茎细叶，似落篱而细；八月开小花，作穗成房，房如水苏，内有细子似葶苈，色黄赤，连
穗
【 】曰∶假者苏之，故名假苏。如假寒热为鼠 ，为瘰 ；假气为结，为聚；假血为
瘀；假湿为疸；假伪非真者，苏苏震行，缓散自释矣。别名疆 、荆芥。疆画界分，荆方芥
辛也。言能画疆界，殊方域，悉新以辛也。
（本经中品）
纤细虚中，宛如毛孔。故可对待满实之毛孔。
【气味】苦温，无毒。
【主治】主中风，伤寒，头痛，温疟，发表汗出，去邪热气，止咳逆上气，除寒热，破
症
【核】曰∶出荥阳、中牟、汴京者为胜。所在之处，冬不积雪。二月生苗，纤细劲直，
外黄内赤，中虚作节如竹；四月梢头开黄色花，结实如百合瓣而紧小，又似皂荚子而味甜；
根色紫赤，有雌雄两种，雌者开花结实。修治，去根及节，煮十多沸，掠去白沫，恐令人烦
根节能止汗故也。浓朴、白薇为之使。恶辛夷、石苇。
【 】曰∶表黄里赤，中虚象离，生不受雪，合辅心王，宣扬火令者也。主治寒风温疟，
标见头痛之标经，侵淫部署之首，形层之皮，致毛孔满实，逆开反阖者，宣火政令，扬液为
汗而张大之，八万四千毛孔，莫不从令，而去邪热气矣。但热非病反其本，中标之病，即寒
风炎威之气，使人毛孔毕直，皮肤闭而为热，劲切之性，仍未反乎本气之寒也。咳逆上气者，
毛孔满闭，则不能布气从开，故上逆而咳。症坚积聚者，假气成形，则不能转阖从开，故积
坚而症。盖不独本性不迁，即本气犹未变易，故仍可转入为出，易冬为春，否则妄汗亡液，
败乱心王矣。
（《神农本草经》列为中品）
【假苏】
地域界限相连，依托“真”而依附于“假”，故称“卢”（谐音“苏”），这是因为其药性与六气中的某一种性质相近。
【气味】辛，温，无毒。
【主治】主治寒热往来、鼠瘰（淋巴结结核）、生疮，破除积聚之气，下行瘀血，祛除湿疸。
【解析】曰：假苏，就是荆芥。它窃取了卢苏（指代某种野生草本）之名，原本属于野生植物，如今被民间广泛使用，因此人们开始大量种植。二月播种生出幼苗，茎呈方形，叶子细小，像篱笆上的草一样细；八月开出小花，结成穗状，果实像水苏，里面有细小的种子像葶苈子，颜色黄赤，连着花穗。
【按语】曰：“假”意为使……复苏/恢复，所以名叫假苏。就像通过“假”来治疗寒热引起的鼠瘰、瘰疬；通过“假”来化解气的结聚；通过“假”来消散瘀血；通过“假”来清除湿邪导致的黄疸。所谓“假伪非真”，药物能震动运行，缓慢发散，自然就能解除病邪。别名有疆、荆芥。“疆”指划分界限，“荆”指方正，“芥”指辛味。意思是说它能划定疆界，区分域限，全部以辛味来更新变化。
【麻黄】
（《神农本草经》列为中品）
茎秆纤细且中空，宛如毛孔。因此可以用来对付那些充满实邪的毛孔。
【气味】苦，温，无毒。
【主治】主治中风、伤寒、头痛、温疟，发汗解表，去除邪热之气，止咳逆上气，消除寒热，破除症积。
【解析】曰：出自荥阳、中牟、汴京等地的品质最佳。这些地方冬天不积雪。二月生出苗，纤细强劲笔直，外面黄色里面红色，中间空心且有节，像竹子一样；四月梢头开黄花，结出的果实像百合瓣那样紧小，又像皂荚子但味道甜；根色紫赤，分雌雄两种，雌株开花结实。炮制时，去掉根和节，煮十几沸，撇去白色泡沫，因为担心让人心烦意乱（麻黄根节能止汗）。浓朴、白薇是它的引经药。畏忌辛夷、石苇。
【按语】曰：外黄内红，中空象征离卦（火），生长不受雪覆盖，符合辅助心主（心王），宣扬火令的特性。主治寒风温疟，针对标见头痛的经脉，侵袭人体表层皮肤，导致毛孔充满实邪，腠理开合失常的情况。宣通火政令，扬津液为汗而扩张毛孔，八万四千毛孔没有不服从命令的，从而去除邪热之气。但是，热邪并非疾病的根本，而是中标之病，即寒风炎威之气，使人毛孔完全闭合而为热，其劲切之性，仍未回归本气的寒凉状态。咳逆上气，是因为毛孔满闭，不能布散气机从开泄而出，所以气机上逆而咳。症坚积聚，是因为假借气形成形，不能转阖从开，所以积聚坚硬而成症。不仅本性不迁移，就连本气也未改变，所以仍可转入为出，变冬为春，否则妄用发汗会亡失津液，败乱心主。
(Shennong Bencao Jing, Middle Category)
[Jiasu (Perilla Leaf / Schizonepeta)]
Boundaries of regions are connected; relying on the "True" and attaching to the "False," it is called "Lu" (homophone for Su), because its nature is similar to one of the Six Natures.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Pungent, Warm, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats alternating chills and fever, scrofula (lymph node tuberculosis), sores and ulcers, breaks up Qi stagnation and accumulation, descends blood stasis, and removes damp jaundice.
[Analysis] It is said: Jiasu is Jingjie (Schizonepeta). It borrows the name of Lusue (referring to a certain wild herb); originally belonging to wild plants, now widely used by common people, thus it is mostly cultivated. In February, seeds are sown and seedlings emerge; the stem is square, leaves are fine, resembling grass on a fence; in August, small flowers bloom, forming spikes with capsules like Shuisu (Water Mint), containing fine seeds resembling Tinglizi (Lepidium Seed), yellowish-red, attached to the spike.
[Commentary] It is said: "Jia" means to restore/resuscitate, hence named Jiasu. Just as "Jia" is used to treat scrofula and lymphadenopathy caused by chills and fever; to resolve Qi knotting and gathering; to dissipate blood stasis; to clear dampness-induced jaundice. What is "false" or "fake" is not true; the herb vibrates and moves, slowly dispersing, thereby naturally releasing the pathogen. Alternative names include Jiang and Jingjie. "Jiang" refers to drawing boundaries; "Jing" refers to being square/upright; "Jie" refers to pungency. This implies it can delineate boundaries, distinguish regions, and renew everything through pungency.
[Mahuang (Ephedra)]
(Shennong Bencao Jing, Middle Category)
Slender and hollow inside, resembling pores. Therefore, it can be used to counteract pores filled with excess pathogens.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Bitter, Warm, Non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats wind-stroke, cold damage, headache, warm malaria, induces sweating to release the exterior, eliminates pathogenic heat, stops cough and rebellious Qi, removes chills and fever, and breaks up mass accumulations.
[Analysis] It is said: The best quality comes from Xingyang, Zhongmu, and Bianjing. In these places, snow does not accumulate in winter. Seedlings emerge in February, slender, strong, and straight; yellow outside, red inside, hollow in the middle with nodes like bamboo; in April, yellow flowers bloom at the tips, bearing fruits tight and small like lily petals, yet resembling soap pod seeds but sweet-tasting; roots are purple-red, divided into male and female types, with females flowering and fruiting. For processing, remove roots and nodes, boil for about ten boils, skim off white foam, lest it cause restlessness (as Mahuang root and nodes stop sweating). Nanpu (Magnolia Bark) and Baiwei (Cynanchum Root) act as guides. It is incompatible with Xinyi (Magnolia Bud) and Shiwei (Pyrrosia Leaf).
[Commentary] It is said: Yellow outside, red inside, hollow shape symbolizes the Li Trigram (Fire); growing without being covered by snow, it aligns with assisting the Heart King (Heart Master) and proclaiming Fire commands. It primarily treats wind-cold and warm malaria, targeting the meridians manifesting headache, invading the superficial layers of skin, causing pores to become full and solid, and disrupting the opening and closing of couli. It promotes Fire governance, raises fluids into sweat, and dilates the 84,000 pores, none disobeying the command, thereby eliminating pathogenic heat. However, heat is not the root of disease but rather a condition marked by invasion, where the fierce energy of wind-cold causes pores to close completely leading to heat; its penetrating nature has not reverted to the original cold nature of the body's Qi. Cough and rebellious Qi occur because closed pores prevent Qi distribution and exhalation, causing Qi to rebel upward. Masses and accumulations form because Qi falsely takes shape, unable to transition from closing to opening, resulting in hard masses. Not only does the inherent nature not change, but the original Qi remains unaltered, allowing it to still transform from inward to outward, changing Winter to Spring; otherwise, reckless sweating would deplete fluids and disrupt the Heart Master.