（唐本草）
【气味】苦温，无毒。
【主治】主破血，下胀，止痛，治产乳余疾，止金疮出血极效。
【核】曰∶出河中、孟州、汉中、滁州、江南、越州，所在亦有。春生苗，高二三尺。
一茎直上，叶似苍术叶，尖长糙涩，面青背白。九月茎端岐分 穗，每 攒簇小花十数朵，
黄包白瓣，宛如秋菊，经三四日，花心拆裂如絮。随结实，絮实都如苦买也。修事，拣去茎
叶，只用子。粗布拭去薄壳，酒拌蒸，从巳至申，曝干用。
【 】曰∶刘寄奴，古方罕用。唐本草始附隰草部。按李延寿南史，载宋高祖刘氏，小
字寄奴，少未遇，伐荻新州，见大蛇射中遂返。次朝再往，闻榛林中作杵臼声。寻之，有青
衣童子，拥众捣药。讯其故。曰∶我主为刘寄奴所中，捣此以疗之。曰∶胡不见杀。曰∶寄
奴王者，不可杀也。叱之尽散。遂收其药。每涂金疮辄愈。因称此草为刘寄奴。郑樵通志云∶
江南人，因汉时谓刘为卯金刀，乃呼刘为金。又称此草为金寄奴。字说云∶刘，诛杀也；寄
，附托也；奴，执事也。顾主治证形，似悉假血气，附托以为执事者。功能剖裂而入破之，
即所以诛杀之矣。命名之义，或取诸此。
（唐本草）
【气味】甘辛平，有小毒。
【主治】主治水症。以水研二十枚，服之吐恶沫，加至三十枚，三日一服，瘥即止。风
虚寒
【核】曰∶原从胡中来，今在处有之，北地尤多。夏月生苗，有赤有白。一茎直上，高
丈余，间节如甘蔗，中空如赤箭。叶似 草，及瓠叶辈，肥浓而大，一叶五尖。夏秋之间，
丫中抽穗，黄花累累。每穗作子数十颗，柔刺如 。凡三四子，合成一颗，枯时劈开，状类
巴豆，又类牛KT ，青黄斑褐，间杂可观。壳中有仁，娇白如续随子，仁中之油，可调印
色。每用去壳净仁五升，捣极细，以水一斗煮之，有沫撇起，沫尽乃止。遂用文火，煮熬其
沫，水去澄清，上无气升，油即成矣。倾磁器中，冷定，则凝结如脂，经久不变。修事,勿
用黑夭赤利子，颗外无刺，两头尖，子无斑点，误服有大毒。凡使蓖麻子，盐汤煮半日，去
壳及衣，取中仁研细用。有啖蓖麻，一生不得食炒豆者，犯之作胀而死。豆为肾谷，蓖通
胎息，天真不
绍隆王先生云∶蓖麻力长收吸，故能拔病气，夺有形，多从外取，不繇饵服，良有见也。
先人云∶蓖麻胚兆，先一阴而始生，以阴为内气之主，转阳为形外之固，赋形唯二至之间，
生长在蕃秀之季，缀子于来复之初，故饵之何处非生阳之地，何形非生阳之物。内有阳气人，
不须入腹，磕着撞着，生阳遂聚，死阴立消，迅速敏捷，如鼓应桴。
【 】曰∶命名之意亦奇，主治功力亦异。着囟起痔，握掌催生。左风头置之右，右风
头置之左，摩顶天柱竖，傅踵胞孚下，至若纳舌辟窍，解喉疏肌，收子肠，消香港脚，及主剩
骨留血，物滞水瘕，疽疡 肿，尸疰丹瘤，与夫 斜偏痪，舛错关机，宜饵宜涂，宜熏宜
窒者，莫不如鼓应桴，捷于影响。故蓖者人脐，上从囟，囟取通气，会奇脉于巅；下从比，
比取辅气，交偶脉于踵。麻者大 ，群阴之长也，夏有足鼓，置鼓于趺，殷有楹鼓，贯中于
柱。周有县鼓，植 而悬之上，皆 也。顾名思义，则知声气相通，左右逢源之为用矣。
（蓖者人脐，胎儿之息以脐也。囟取通气，会奇脉于巅，至人之息以囟也，比取辅气，
交偶脉于踵，真人之息以踵也。楹鼓以喻蓖，县鼓以喻 ，足鼓以喻踵，三息并行，三 齐
击，是真以鼓应桴，捷于影响。
（《唐本草》）
【气味】味苦，性温，无毒。
【主治】主治破血行瘀，消除胀满，止痛，治疗产后余疾，对于金疮出血的止血效果极佳。
【考证】曰：产于河中、孟州、汉中、滁州、江南、越州等地，各地也有生长。春季生苗，高二三尺。
一根茎干直立向上，叶片形状像苍术叶，尖长且粗糙涩手，正面青色背面白色。九月时茎端分枝结穗，每簇聚集小花十几朵，
黄色花苞白色花瓣，宛如秋菊，经过三四天，花心裂开如棉絮。随后结实，果实和棉絮都像苦买子一样。炮制时，拣去茎
叶，只用种子。用粗布擦拭去掉薄壳，用酒拌蒸，从巳时到申时，晒干后使用。
【按语】曰：刘寄奴，古方中很少使用。《唐本草》才将其附在隰草部。据李延寿《南史》记载，宋高祖刘氏，小
名寄奴，年轻时不得志，在新州砍伐芦苇，看见大蛇便射中它然后返回。第二天早晨再去，听到榛树林中有捣药的声音。寻声而去，有穿青衣的童子，带领众人捣药。询问原因。说：我们的主人被刘寄奴射伤，捣这个药来治疗他。说：为什么不杀了我？说：刘寄奴是王者，不能杀。呵斥他们全部散开。于是收下了他们的药。每次涂抹在金疮上都能痊愈。因此称这种草为刘寄奴。郑樵《通志》说：江南人，因为汉代时认为“刘”字由“卯金刀”组成，于是称呼“刘”为“金”。又称此草为金寄奴。《字说》云：刘，意为诛杀；寄，意为附托；奴，意为执事。看其主治病症和形态，似乎都假借血气，附托自身作为执事者。功能剖裂而入破之，这就是所谓的诛杀了。命名的含义，或许取自于此。
（《唐本草》）
【气味】味甘辛，性平，有小毒。
【主治】主治水症。用水研磨二十枚，服用后吐出恶浊泡沫，加至三十枚，三天服一次，病愈即停。风虚寒证
【考证】曰：原从胡地传来，现在各地都有，北方地区尤其多。夏季生苗，有红色和白色两种。一根茎干直立向上，高
一丈多，节间像甘蔗，中空像赤箭。叶子像 草，以及瓠叶之类，肥厚浓绿而大，一片叶子五个尖端。夏秋之间，
丫杈中抽出穗，黄花累累。每穗结子几十颗，柔刺像 。凡三四颗子合成一颗，干枯时劈开，形状类似
巴豆，又类似牛KT，青黄斑褐相间，颜色可观。壳中有仁，娇白如续随子，仁中的油，可以调制印泥颜色。每次使用去掉壳的净仁五升，捣极细，用水一斗煮它，有沫撇起，沫尽为止。然后用文火，煮熬其
沫，水去澄清，上面没有热气上升，油就形成了。倒入磁器中，冷却凝固，则凝结如脂，经久不变。炮制时，不
要用黑夭赤利子，颗粒外无刺，两头尖，子无斑点，误服有大毒。凡是使用蓖麻子，用盐汤煮半天，去壳及衣，取中仁研细使用。有人吃了蓖麻，一生不得吃炒豆，犯禁会腹胀而死。豆为肾谷，蓖麻通胎息，天真之气不
绍隆王先生说：蓖麻力量擅长收吸，所以能拔除病气，夺取有形之邪，多从外部取效，不通过内服，确实是有见地的。
先人说：蓖麻胚兆，先有一阴气才开始生长，以阴为内气之主，转化阳气为外形之外的坚固，赋予形体只在冬至夏至之间，
生长在蕃秀的季节，缀子于来复之初，所以服用它何处不是生阳之地，何形不是生阳之物。体内有阳气的人，
不需要入腹，磕着撞着，生阳就会聚集，死阴立刻消除，迅速敏捷，如鼓应桴。
【按语】曰：命名之意也很奇特，主治功力也各异。治囟门突起痔疮，握掌催生。左风头置于右，右风头置于左，摩顶天柱竖，傅踵胞孚下，至于纳舌辟窍，解喉疏肌，收子肠，消香港脚，以及主治剩骨留血，物滞水瘕，疽疡 肿，尸疰丹瘤，以及 斜偏痪，舛错关机，宜饵宜涂，宜熏宜窒者，无不如鼓应桴，捷于影响。所以蓖者是人脐，上从囟，囟取通气，会奇脉于巅；下从比，比取辅气，交偶脉于踵。麻者是大 ，群阴之长也，夏有足鼓，置鼓于趺，殷有楹鼓，贯中于
柱。周有县鼓，植 而悬之上，皆 也。顾名思义，则知声气相通，左右逢源之为用矣。
（蓖者人脐，胎儿之息以脐也。囟取通气，会奇脉于巅，至人之息以囟也，比取辅气，
交偶脉于踵，真人之息以踵也。楹鼓以喻蓖，县鼓以喻 ，足鼓以喻踵，三息并行，三 齐
击，是真以鼓应桴，捷于影响。）
(Tang Bencao)
[Flavor and Properties] Bitter, warm, non-toxic.
[Indications] Mainly treats breaking blood stasis, reducing distension, relieving pain, treating residual disorders after childbirth, and is extremely effective in stopping bleeding from metal wounds (Jin Chuang).
[Verification] It is said: Originates from Hezhong, Mengzhou, Hanzhong, Chuzhou, Jiangnan, Yuezhou, and is also found elsewhere. Seedlings emerge in spring, growing two or three chi high.
A single stem grows straight upward; leaves resemble those of Atractylodes lancea (Cangzhu), being pointed, long, rough, and astringent to the touch, green on the surface and white on the back. In the ninth month, branches form at the stem tips bearing spikes, with clusters of a dozen small flowers each,
yellow calyxes and white petals, resembling autumn chrysanthemums. After three or four days, the flower centers split open like cotton fluff. Fruits then develop, with seeds and fluff resembling those of Xumaizi. For processing, stems and leaves are discarded, using only the seeds. Rub off the thin shell with coarse cloth, mix with wine, steam from Si hour to Shen hour, then dry in the sun for use.
[Commentary] It is said: Liu Jinu was rarely used in ancient formulas. It was first included in the Xi Grass section of Tang Bencao. According to Li Yanshou's History of the Southern Dynasties, Emperor Gaozu of Song, whose childhood name was Jinu, was unsuccessful in his youth. While cutting reeds in Xin Zhou, he saw a large snake and shot it before returning. The next morning, he went again and heard the sound of pounding medicine in a hazel forest. Following the sound, he found young boys in blue clothes leading others in pounding medicine. Upon asking the reason, they said: "Our master was wounded by Liu Jinu; we are pounding this medicine to treat him." He asked: "Why not kill me?" They replied: "Liu Jinu is a king; he cannot be killed." He shouted them all away and collected their medicine. Every time applied to metal wounds, it healed immediately. Thus, this herb was named Liu Jinu. Zheng Qiao's Tong Zhi states: People in Jiangnan, because in Han times the character "Liu" was composed of "Mao, Gold, Knife," referred to "Liu" as "Jin" (Gold). Hence, this herb was also called Jin Jinu. The Zi Shuo says: Liu means execution/kill; Ji means attach/rely upon; Nu means servant/doer. Observing its indications and morphology, it seems to borrow qi and blood, attaching itself to act as a doer. Its function is to pierce and break, which is essentially executing. The meaning of its name may derive from this.
(Tang Bencao)
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet and pungent, neutral, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Mainly treats water retention syndromes. Grind twenty seeds with water, take orally to induce vomiting of foul foam; increase to thirty seeds, take once every three days, stop when cured. Wind deficiency cold syndromes
[Verification] It is said: Originally came from Hu regions; now found everywhere, especially abundant in northern areas. Seedlings emerge in summer, appearing red or white. A single stem grows straight upward, over one zhang high, with nodes like sugarcane, hollow inside like Chi Jian (Astragalus root). Leaves resemble grass and gourd leaves, thick, lush, and large, with five points per leaf. Between summer and autumn, spikes emerge from the forked stems, bearing clusters of yellow flowers. Each spike produces dozens of seeds, with soft spines like . Three or four seeds combine to form one unit; when dry, they split open, resembling Croton tiglium (Badou) or Niu KT, mottled with green, yellow, brown, and reddish hues, visually striking. Inside the shell is the kernel, tender white like Euphorbia lathyris (Xuisui Zi); the oil within can be used to prepare seal paste. For each use, take five sheng of shelled kernels, pound extremely fine, boil in one dou of water until foam rises; skim the foam until it ceases. Then simmer gently, boiling down the foam, removing water until clear, with no steam rising, indicating the oil is formed. Pour into ceramic vessels; upon cooling and solidifying, it becomes like fat, stable over time. Do not use Heiyao Chilizi during processing; these have no external spines, are pointed at both ends, lack spots, and are highly toxic if ingested mistakenly. When using Ricinus communis seeds, boil in salt water for half a day, remove shells and skins, take the inner kernels, grind finely. Those who consume Ricinus must never eat roasted beans thereafter; violating this causes fatal abdominal distension. Beans are kidney grains; Ricinus facilitates fetal respiration, preserving innate vitality.
Mr. Wang Shaolong stated: Ricinus has strong absorbing power, thus it can draw out pathogenic qi and eliminate有形 (tangible) pathogens, mostly acting externally rather than through ingestion, which is indeed insightful.
My predecessor said: The embryo of Ricinus begins with Yin qi, making Yin the master of internal qi, transforming Yang to solidify the exterior form. Form is endowed between Winter Solstice and Summer Solstice, growing during the season of flourishing beauty, setting fruit at the beginning of return. Thus, where it is taken, there is land generating Yang; what form it takes, it is an object generating Yang. For individuals with internal Yang qi, it need not enter the stomach; mere contact gathers Yang qi and instantly eliminates Yin death, swift and agile, like a drum responding to a beat.
[Commentary] It is said: The naming logic is peculiar, and therapeutic efficacy is diverse. Treating fontanelle protrusion and hemorrhoids, grasping palms to facilitate labor. Place left wind-head on right, right wind-head on left, massage top and Tianzhu point vertically, apply to heel and Bao Fu area. Regarding inserting tongue to open orifices, resolving throat obstruction and dispersing muscle tension, retracting prolapsed intestines, eliminating Hong Kong gout, and treating retained bones and lingering blood, stagnation causing water masses, carbuncles and sores swelling, corpse-wandering dan liu, as well as facial paralysis and joint dysfunction, suitable for ingestion, application, fumigation, or insufflation, all act swiftly like a drum responding to a beat. Therefore, "Bi" refers to the human umbilicus; superiorly connects to the fontanelle, allowing Qi passage, meeting extraordinary meridians at the vertex; inferiorly connects to "Bi", assisting Qi, coupling meridians at the heel. "Ma" is great , the leader of Yin group. Summer features foot drums placed on the instep; Yin dynasty had pillar drums piercing through columns; Zhou dynasty had hanging drums planted and suspended above, all related to . By considering the name and meaning, one understands the utility of resonant Qi and resourcefulness on both sides.
(Bi refers to the human umbilicus, where the fetus breathes via the umbilicus. Fontanelle allows Qi passage, meeting extraordinary meridians at the vertex, where the perfected person breathes via the fontanelle. Bi assists Qi, coupling meridians at the heel, where the true person breathes via the heel. Pillar drums metaphorize Bi, hanging drums metaphorize , foot drums metaphorize heel. Three respirations proceed together, three drums strike simultaneously, truly responding like a drum to a beat, swift as shadow.)