（唐本草）
可名赤爪，亦可名虎掌，功用相符若探囊耳。
【气味】酸苦甘，微寒，无毒。
【主治】主 疮，利小便，去痰热，止渴，令人少睡，有力，悦志。
【核】曰∶出南山高原，所在亦有。树高数尺，古拙可爱，枝有丛刺，叶有五尖。三月
开花五出，碎小色白，缀实似林擒而小，有黄赤二种。霜后乃熟，核似牵牛子，色褐而坚。
一种实大而赤，甘酸可口，名曰棠 ，唯供食料。修事，蒸过晒干，临用再蒸去核，焙燥，
研细用。
先人云∶味酸似甲，便能下行，故得止痢定疝，然去发陈未远，激之立转生荣。
【 】曰∶宣气散生曰山；虎之不柔，虎食剩残曰楂。危氏曰猴楂；唐本曰赤爪。各以
功力形状为名也。 疮疹痘，痞满症瘕，血凝结固，皆血中痹，乃以柔承刚。饮 食宿，狐
疝蛊，气壅留僻，皆气中痹，乃以刚承柔。皆非所据而据之。第木实而酸，宜辅肝体，宣
气散生，则偏有余于用矣。用行必气上而忘返，令人不寐而尝惺。经云∶谭说醋梅，口中酸
出，味过于酸，肝气已津，需渴倍力，则志悦矣。
（唐本草）
【气味】苦温，无毒。
【主治】主冷气心腹胀满，下食。
【核】曰∶出波斯，今岭南、广州亦有之。本似木 ，开白花。作实似卮子、橄榄状，
色青黄，皮与肉相着。七八月成熟，具六路，肉浓者佳。修事，勿用毗黎勒，个个毗头者是
也。若诃黎勒实，棱只有六路。或多或少者，并是杂路勒，圆而文露，或八路，至十二、三
路，号榔精勒，涩不堪用，为害殊甚也。凡使酒浸六时，蒸六时，刀削去路，用肉则去核，
用
【 】曰∶诃，谴也；黎，众也；勒坚柔难断也。味大苦，气大温，对待冷气在心腹，
致胀满食卒不得下，变生肠 喘急，肠风崩带，奔豚霍乱，痰涎胶固，坚柔难断者，谴之断
之，少阳胆腑决断药也。
（《唐本草》）
山楂可以称为赤爪，也可以称为虎掌，其功效就像从口袋里拿东西一样容易取得。
【气味】酸、苦、甘，微寒，无毒。
【主治】主治疮疡，通利小便，去除痰热，止渴，使人少睡，增加体力，使心情愉悦。
【核】说：产于南山高原，各地也有生长。树高几尺，古朴拙朴可爱，枝条有丛生的刺，叶子有五个尖角。三月开出五瓣小花，细碎白色，结出的果实像林擒（花红）但较小，有黄色和红色两种。霜降后成熟，果核像牵牛子，颜色褐黑且坚硬。有一种果实大而红，味甘酸可口，名叫棠棣，仅供食用。炮制方法：蒸过后晒干，临用时再蒸去核，焙干，研成细末使用。
前人曾说：味道酸类似甲壳类，便能下行，所以能止痢定疝，然而它去除陈腐、激发新生的作用不远，刺激它立刻能转化为生机。
【释义】说：宣通气机、发散生机叫做“山”；老虎不温柔，老虎吃剩下的残渣叫做“楂”。危氏称为猴楂；《唐本草》称为赤爪。都是根据功效和形状来命名的。治疗疮疹痘毒，痞满症瘕，血液凝结坚固，这些都是血中的痹阻，是用柔和之性来承接刚硬之性。饮食停滞，狐疝蛊毒，气机壅滞偏颇，这些都是气中的痹阻，是用刚硬之性来承接柔和之性。都不是依据常规而使用的。只是木之果实味酸，适宜辅助肝体，宣通气机发散生机，那么在使用方面就偏于有余了。用行必导致气上逆而不返，使人失眠而常常清醒。经书说：谈论醋梅，口中流出酸水，味道过于酸，肝气已经津液外泄，需要口渴加倍用力，那么志意就会愉悦了。
（《唐本草》）
【气味】苦，温，无毒。
【主治】主治冷气引起的心腹胀满，促进消化。
【核】说：产于波斯，现在岭南、广州也有出产。根部像木兰，开白花。结的果实像栀子、橄榄形状，颜色青黄，皮与肉相连。七八月成熟，具有六条棱路，肉质厚的为佳。炮制方法：不要用毗黎勒，个个都有毗头的是毗黎勒。如果是诃黎勒果实，棱只有六条路。多或少路的，都是杂路勒，圆润而纹路显露，或者八路，直到十二、三条路，号称榔精勒，涩得不能服用，危害特别大。凡是使用酒浸六个时辰，蒸六个时辰，用刀削去棱路，取肉则去核，取……
【释义】说：诃，是谴责的意思；黎，是众多的意思；勒是坚柔难断的意思。味道大苦，气大温，针对心腹中的冷气，导致胀满食物突然不能下咽，变生肠鸣喘急，肠风崩漏带下，奔豚霍乱，痰涎胶固，坚柔难断的情况，谴责它、切断它，是少阳胆腑决断的药物。
(Tang Bencao)
It can be named Chizhao (Red Claw), or also named Huzhang (Tiger's Palm); its efficacy is as easy to obtain as taking something out of a pocket.
[Flavor and Nature] Sour, bitter, sweet; slightly cold; non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats sores and ulcers, promotes urination, clears phlegm-heat, relieves thirst, reduces the need for sleep, increases strength, and brings joy to the will.
[Core] It is said: Grows in the highlands of Mount Nan, and is found elsewhere. The tree is several feet high, ancient and clumsy yet lovely, with branches bearing clusters of thorns and leaves having five points. In the third month, it blooms with five-petaled small white flowers. The fruit resembles Linqin (Malus asiatica) but is smaller, coming in yellow and red varieties. It ripens after frost. The core resembles Convolvulus seeds, brown and hard. One variety has large, red fruits that are sweet and sour, called Tangdi, used only for food. Processing: Steam until cooked, then dry in the sun. Before use, steam again to remove the core, bake until dry, and grind into fine powder.
My ancestors said: The sour flavor resembles the carapace, enabling downward movement, thus it can stop dysentery and fix hernia. However, it is not far from removing the old and promoting the new; stimulating it immediately turns into generating vitality.
[Explanation] It is said: "Shan" refers to spreading qi and dispersing vitality; "Zha" refers to the tiger being ungentle, or the remnants eaten by the tiger. Wei Shi calls it Houzha (Monkey Zha); Tang Bencao calls it Chizhao. Each name is based on efficacy and shape. For treating sores, rashes, and pox, stagnation masses, and solidified blood coagulation, these are all bi-syndrome in the blood, addressed by using softness to support hardness. For dietary retention, fox hernia, and gu poison, where qi is stagnant and deviated, these are all bi-syndrome in the qi, addressed by using hardness to support softness. These are uses contrary to standard expectations. Since the fruit of the wood element is sour, it should assist the substance of the Liver. Spreading qi and dispersing vitality means the functional aspect is excessive. Using it causes qi to ascend and not return, leading to insomnia and constant wakefulness. The classics say: Discussing vinegar plums, acid saliva flows from the mouth. If the flavor is too sour, liver qi leaks fluids; if thirst requires double effort, then the will becomes joyful.
(Tang Bencao)
[Flavor and Nature] Bitter; warm; non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats cold qi causing abdominal distension and fullness, and aids digestion.
[Core] It is said: Originates from Persia; now also produced in Lingnan and Guangzhou. The root resembles Magnolia, producing white flowers. The fruit resembles Gardenia or olive in shape, greenish-yellow in color, with skin adhering to flesh. It matures in the seventh and eighth months, possessing six ridges; those with thick flesh are superior. Processing: Do not use Bilile (Terminalia chebula reticulata variant). Bilile has distinct heads. If it is Helile (Terminalia chebula), the ridges are only six. More or fewer ridges indicate mixed varieties. Round with exposed patterns, having eight ridges up to twelve or thirteen, known as Langjing Le, are too astringent for use and cause significant harm. When using, soak in wine for six shichen (12 hours), steam for six shichen, shave off the ridges with a knife. Use the flesh by removing the core, use the...
[Explanation] "He" means to reprimand; "Li" means multitude; "Le" means firm yet flexible, difficult to break. With great bitterness and strong warmth, it counteracts cold qi in the heart and abdomen, which causes distension and sudden inability to swallow food, leading to intestinal rumbling, panting, wind in the intestines, metrorrhagia and leukorrhea, running piglet syndrome, cholera, and stubborn phlegm-saliva that is firm and difficult to break. It reprimands and cuts through these conditions; it is the herb for decision-making in the Shaoyang Gallbladder Fu organ.