（本经下品）
【气味】苦寒，有毒。
【主治】主伤寒寒热，发热温疟，鬼毒，胸中痰结吐逆。
（本经下品）
【气味】辛平，有毒。
【主治】主疟，及咳逆寒热，腹中症坚，积聚邪气，蛊毒，鬼疰。
【核】曰∶出益州川谷，及汉中，今宜都、建平、海州、汴西、淮、浙、湖南并有之。
生山谷间，茎圆有节，高三四尺。叶似茗，两两相当二月作白花，青萼。五月结实青圆，三
子为房。根似荆根，色黄而皱，苗即蜀漆也，采时须连根苗收用，气力始备，性颇恶湿，采
即暴燥，青白堪用，否则黑烂郁坏矣。宜都、建平者，根形细实，宛如鸡骨，取用最胜。海
州者，叶似楸叶，八月开花红白，似山楝而小。又天台一种土尝山，苗叶并甘而凉，颇适口，
非同类也。修事，如用蜀漆，临时去根，同甘草相拌，水润蒸之。去甘草，细锉，再以甘草
汁拌蒸，晒干取用。如用尝山，临时去苗，用酒浸一宿，取出，晒干熬捣用。尝山，畏玉札。
蜀漆
【 】曰∶经久不迁之谓尝，宣气散生之谓山。盖以止行行止为体用，故一名互草。从
治伤寒、温疟之体似止，显寒热往来之用似行，及鬼毒与胸中结痰吐逆之似止而行，似行而
止者。苗曰蜀漆，山独之谓蜀，水泻欲留之谓漆，故功用相同，略分内外上下之异耳。
（合石膏 看，便知彼此功力差别∶石膏之止，止有凝义，行有散义；尝山之止，止有
停义
（《神农本草经》列为下品）
【气味】味苦，性寒，有毒。
【主治】主要治疗伤寒引起的寒热往来，以及温疟发热、鬼毒（指某些具有传染性或精神异常表现的疾病）、胸中痰饮凝结导致的呕吐逆气。
（《神农本草经》列为下品）
【气味】味辛，性平，有毒。
【主治】主要治疗疟疾，以及咳嗽气逆、寒热往来、腹中症结坚硬、积聚的邪气、蛊毒、鬼疰（指一种具有传染性的慢性消耗性疾病）。
【考证】曰：产于益州的川谷地区，以及汉中，如今在宜都、建平、海州、汴西、淮河、浙江、湖南等地都有出产。
生长在山谷之间，茎圆且有节，高三四尺。叶子像茶树叶，两两相对，二月开出白花，花萼青色。五月结出青色的圆形果实，三个子为一房。根像荆条的根，颜色黄且皱缩，苗就是蜀漆，采收时必须连根和苗一起收取使用，药力才完备。其性质颇厌恶湿气，采下后必须暴晒干燥，呈青白色方可使用，否则就会变黑腐烂变质。宜都、建平产的，根形细小结实，宛如鸡骨，品质最优。海州产的，叶子像楸树叶，八月开红白色的花，比山楝树小。另外天台有一种叫“土尝山”的植物，苗叶都甘甜而凉，很可口，但不是同类。炮制方法，如果使用蜀漆，临时去掉根部，与甘草混合拌润，蒸制。去掉甘草，细切，再用甘草汁拌蒸，晒干后取用。如果使用尝山，临时去掉苗，用酒浸泡一夜，取出，晒干后熬捣使用。尝山，畏忌玉札（雄黄）。
蜀漆
【释义】曰：经久不迁移称为“尝”，宣发气机、散发生长称为“山”。大概是以“止”为体、“行”为用，所以又名互草。从治疗伤寒、温疟的角度看，其体似“止”，但其显现出的治疗寒热往来的作用似“行”，至于治疗鬼毒和胸中结痰呕吐逆气，也是似“止”而行，似“行”而止。苗称为蜀漆，“蜀”意为独，“漆”意为水泻欲留，所以功用相同，只是略微区分了内外上下的差异。
（结合石膏来看，就能明白彼此功力的差别：石膏的“止”，止有凝固之意，行有发散之意；尝山的“止”，止有停留之意……
(Lower Grade in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Flavor and Nature] Bitter, Cold, Toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats cold-heat alternation caused by Shanghan (Cold Damage), fever from Wen Nue (Warm Malaria), Gui Du (ghost toxicity, referring to certain infectious or psychiatric conditions), phlegm accumulation in the chest leading to vomiting and rebellious Qi.
(Lower Grade in the *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
[Flavor and Nature] Pungent, Neutral, Toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats Nue (Malaria), coughing with rebellious Qi, cold-heat alternation, hardness of masses in the abdomen, accumulation of pathogenic Qi, Gu Du (gu poison), and Gui Zhu (ghost treading, a contagious chronic wasting disease).
[Verification] Says: It originates from the river valleys of Yizhou and Hanzhong. Currently, it is found in Yidu, Jianping, Haizhou, Bianxi, Huai, Zhejiang, and Hunan.
It grows in mountain valleys. The stem is round with nodes, three to four chi high. The leaves resemble tea leaves (*Camellia sinensis*), arranged oppositely. In the second lunar month, it produces white flowers with green calyces. In the fifth lunar month, it bears green, round fruits, with three seeds per locule. The root resembles that of *Vitex negundo* (Jinggen), yellow and wrinkled. The sprout is Shuqi. When harvesting, one must collect both the root and the sprout together for the medicinal efficacy to be complete. Its nature strongly dislikes dampness; upon harvesting, it must be sun-dried immediately. If dried properly, it remains greenish-white and usable; otherwise, it turns black and rots. Those from Yidu and Jianping have fine, solid roots resembling chicken bones, which are of the highest quality. Those from Haizhou have leaves resembling *Catalpa bungei* (Qiuye) leaves, blooming red and white in the eighth lunar month, smaller than *Melia azedarach* (Shanlian). Additionally, there is a variety in Tiantai called "Tuchangshan," whose sprouts and leaves are sweet and cool, quite palatable, but it is not of the same species. Processing methods: If using Shuqi, remove the root temporarily, mix with Gancao (*Glycyrrhizae Radix et Rhizoma*), moisten with water, and steam. Remove the Gancao, finely chop, then mix again with Gancao juice, steam, sun-dry, and use. If using Changshan, remove the sprout temporarily, soak in wine overnight, take out, sun-dry, roast, and pound. Changshan fears Yuzha (Realgar).
Shuqi
[Interpretation] Says: Enduring without migration is called "Chang" (Constant/Long-lasting); disseminating Qi and dispersing growth is called "Shan" (Mountain). Essentially, it takes "stopping" as its substance and "moving" as its function, hence also known as Hucao (Mutual Grass). Regarding the treatment of Shanghan and Wen Nue, its substance appears like "stopping," while its manifestation in treating alternating cold and heat appears like "moving." As for treating Gui Du and phlegm accumulation in the chest causing vomiting and rebellious Qi, it is similarly stopping yet moving, and moving yet stopping. The sprout is called Shuqi. "Shu" implies uniqueness/solitude; "Qi" implies water drainage wanting to stay. Thus, their functions are identical, differing only slightly in internal/external and upper/lower applications.
(Compare with Shigao [Gypsum Fibrosum]: one can understand the difference in their powers. Shigao's "stopping" has the meaning of coagulation/congealing, while its "moving" has the meaning of dispersing; Changshan's "stopping" has the meaning of remaining/staying...)