龙骨（香草汤洗两度，捣粉，绢袋盛之，另取云母粉，获袋外，蒸两炷香，取出，悬井
面上过宿。）
上三味，取净末各等分，未发前，水浆服方寸匕。
牡蛎汤
牡蛎（以盐水煮一伏时，再入火中 赤，研粉。一两五钱。）
麻黄（去节。一两。）
蜀漆（临用去根，汤浸一宿，同甘草末润蒸之，俟冷，去甘草，锉碎，再拌甘草水润过
宿，曝干。八钱。如无蜀漆，以常山代之。）
甘草（去头尾，酒浸蒸之，从巳至午，曝干，锉碎。五钱。）
上四味，以水三升，先煮蜀漆麻黄减一升，去沫，纳诸药，煮取一升，先饮半升。得即
吐，再饮之。
冬病一方
藿香正气散（此方四时咸宜）
大腹皮（温汤洗净，曝干，用生姜汁拌，蒸一炷香，曝干。三两。）
白芷（去皮，以黄精汁拌润，蒸一伏时，曝干。今市贾者，皆用锻石拌蒸，更拌锻石收
藏，服之为害甚深。慎之慎之。三两。）
茯苓（去皮为末，水飞去膜，澄曝。三两。）
苏茎叶（东流水洗，曝干。三两。）
真藿香（东流水洗，曝干。三两。）
浓朴（取浓寸许，及色赤气烈者，去粗皮，每一两，用姜汁五钱，涂炙令尽。二两。）
白术（米泔浸一宿，取出，拌山黄土，蒸曝七次。二两。）
广橘皮（去白，锉细，以鲤鱼皮裹一宿，至明取用。二两。）
桔梗（去头上尖硬处四五分，并两畔附枝，于槐砧上锉细，用生百合捣膏，同投水中，
浸一伏时，滤出，缓火焙干。每桔梗一两，用百合六钱。二两。）
半夏（用白芥子末，搅酽醋内令匀，投半夏洗三五次，再以水漂，曝干。二两。）
上十味，捣作极细末，每服三钱，姜三片，枣一枚，煎汤服。日二服，未发一服，发后
一服。
春病一方
茈朴汤
茈胡（去头芦，及黄薄皮少许，锉碎。二钱。）
独活（锉碎，以淫羊藿拌 二日，曝干去藿。二钱。）
前胡（削去苍黑皮，及芦头，锉碎，以甜竹沥浸令润，曝干。二钱。）
黄芩（取腐肠者，东流水润透，蒸半炷香，锉碎曝干。二钱。）
茅山苍术（去芦，及须，糯米泔浸透，削去黑皮，再用米泔浸一宿，取出，曝干锉碎，
同脂
二钱。）
浓朴（二钱。修事同上方。）
广橘皮（二钱。修事同上方。）
半夏曲（二钱。取如法修事者。其法用白芥子末，入酽醋内，搅令匀，投半夏洗三五遍，
水漂过，曝干，末之，用生姜汁和匀，捏作饼，上下覆苍耳叶，如造曲法，俟黄衣上遍，曝
干收用。）
白茯苓（二钱。修事同上方。）
藿香（二钱。洗。）
甘草（一钱。修事同上方。）
生姜（三钱。切。）
上十二味，以水二升，煮取一升，五更一服，未发前一服。气弱人，加人参一钱、白术
二钱。
夏病二方
白虎汤
石膏（研碎，甘草水飞澄曝。四两。）
甘草（去头尾，酒润，炙黄色，三钱。）
知母（槐砧上锉碎，干木臼中捣烂。一两三钱。）
粳米（一合。淘。）
上四味，以水三升五合，先煮粳米减半升，去滓，纳诸药，煮取升半，去滓，分温三服。
竹叶石膏汤
竹叶（一把，采东畔枝叶。）
石膏（三两。修事如上方。）
半夏（半合，用白芥子末，搅入酽醋内令匀，投半夏洗三四次，水漂，曝干，锉碎。）
甘草（三钱。修事如上方。）
麦门冬（不必去心，杵烂。二两。）
人参（饭上蒸曝三次。七钱。）
粳米（一合。洗。）
上七味，以水四升，煮取二升，去滓，内粳米，煮令米熟成汤，去米，分温三服。
病久不愈四方
鳖甲煎丸（方见阳明）
蜀漆丸（方见牝疟）
牛膝汤
牛膝（取肥大长数尺者，去芦，锉碎，用黄精锉片，同拌，蒸一炷香，去黄精，曝干。
四
上一味，以水四升，煮取二升，分温二服，未发时一服，临发时一服，用好酒二升，煮
取亦善。
丁香酒
丁香（勿令犯火，竹刀切片。一钱。）
槟榔（头圆矮毗者为榔，形光紫纹者为槟，槟力小，榔力大也。凡使用槟，择稳正而坚，
有锦纹者，以竹刀削去底，细切之，勿令经火。四钱。）
乌梅（取肥大者，汤润去核，藏米中蒸熟。三枚。）
常山（临用去苗锉片。三钱。甘草水润蒸一次，取出，再用人参三钱，拌匀，水润一宿，
饭上蒸，饭熟为度，去人参曝干。）
上四味，盛一绢囊内，用好酒两碗浸之，从巳至夜，露置星月下高洁地，横刀其上，临
发日寅卯时，徐徐服；如无量人，作数次服完；如胃寒人，仅可重汤微温，但不宜热服，恐
作呕逆也。服毕，温覆极暖，静室中卧，当一日勿澡洗。过时不发，方进糜粥，避风七日。
设不瘥，再作服如前法。
上录诸方，皆古人成案，各有深意存焉。盖人之病，或有证同而因异，或有因同而证异；
或有因证似是而非；或有因证似非而是者。故所贵在尽察因证之常变，及探索古人所以立方
之绳则，则我亦可以效法处方，矧有古方之可循者乎。否则（颐）惧其操方以希合也。合，
其幸；不合，且以病试方矣。（颐）窃于此，颇三致意。
龙骨（用香草汤清洗两次，捣成粉末，装入绢袋中，另外取云母粉放在绢袋外面，蒸两炷香的时间，取出后，悬挂在井口上方过夜。）
以上三味药，取纯净的药末各等份，在疟疾发作前，用水或浆液服用方寸匕大小的量。
牡蛎汤
牡蛎（用盐水煮一个时辰，再放入火中烧红，研成粉末。一两五钱。）
麻黄（去掉节。一两。）
蜀漆（临用时去掉根部，用热水浸泡一夜，与甘草末一起湿润蒸制，待冷却后，去掉甘草，切碎，再用甘草水润湿浸泡一夜，晒干。八钱。如果没有蜀漆，可以用常山代替。）
甘草（去掉头和尾，用酒浸泡蒸制，从巳时到午时，晒干，切碎。五钱。）
以上四味药，用水三升，先煮蜀漆和麻黄，减少一升水，去掉浮沫，加入其他药物，煮取一升药液，先喝半升。如果喝完就呕吐，再喝剩下的。
冬病一方
藿香正气散（此方四季都适宜使用）
大腹皮（用温水洗净，晒干，用生姜汁拌润，蒸一炷香的时间，晒干。三两。）
白芷（去掉外皮，用黄精汁拌润，蒸一个时辰，晒干。现在市场上卖的，都是用锻石拌蒸，再用锻石收藏，服用危害很大。务必谨慎。三两。）
茯苓（去掉外皮研成粉末，用水漂洗去掉膜，澄清后晒干。三两。）
苏茎叶（用东流水清洗，晒干。三两。）
真藿香（用东流水清洗，晒干。三两。）
浓朴（选取厚度约一寸、颜色赤红、气味浓烈的，去掉粗皮，每一两用姜汁五钱涂抹炙烤至吸收。二两。）
白术（用米泔水浸泡一夜，取出，拌上山黄土，蒸晒七次。二两。）
广橘皮（去掉白色内层，切碎，用鲤鱼皮包裹一夜，第二天早上取用。二两。）
桔梗（去掉头部尖硬处四五分，以及两侧附枝，在槐木砧板上切碎，用生百合捣成膏，一同投入水中，浸泡一个时辰，滤出，用小火焙干。每桔梗一两，用百合六钱。二两。）
半夏（用白芥子末，搅入浓醋中使其均匀，投入半夏清洗三四次，再用水漂洗，晒干。二两。）
以上十味药，捣成极细的粉末，每次服用三钱，加生姜三片，大枣一枚，煎汤服用。每天服两次，未发作时服一次，发作后服一次。
春病一方
茈朴汤
茈胡（去掉头芦，及少许黄薄皮，切碎。二钱。）
独活（切碎，用淫羊藿拌放两天，晒干去掉藿。二钱。）
前胡（削去苍黑色的皮，及芦头，切碎，用甜竹沥浸令湿润，晒干。二钱。）
黄芩（选取腐肠者，用东流水润透，蒸半炷香，切碎晒干。二钱。）
茅山苍术（去掉芦头及须，糯米泔水浸透，削去黑皮，再用米泔水浸泡一夜，取出，晒干切碎，同脂... 二钱。）
浓朴（二钱。炮制方法同上。）
广橘皮（二钱。炮制方法同上。）
半夏曲（二钱。选取按规范炮制的。其法是用白芥子末，加入浓醋中，搅匀，投入半夏清洗三五遍，水漂过，晒干，研成粉末，用生姜汁和匀，捏成饼，上下覆盖苍耳叶，像造曲的方法，等到黄衣长满，晒干收藏使用。）
白茯苓（二钱。炮制方法同上。）
藿香（二钱。清洗。）
甘草（一钱。炮制方法同上。）
生姜（三钱。切片。）
以上十二味药，用水二升，煮取一升，五更天服一次，未发作前一小时服一次。气弱的人，加人参一钱、白术二钱。
夏病二方
白虎汤
石膏（研碎，用甘草水飞澄曝。四两。）
甘草（去掉头和尾，酒润，炙至黄色，三钱。）
知母（在槐木砧板上切碎，在干木臼中捣烂。一两三钱。）
粳米（一合。淘洗。）
以上四味药，用水三升五合，先煮粳米减半升，去掉渣滓，加入其他药物，煮取半升，去掉渣滓，分三次温服。
竹叶石膏汤
竹叶（一把，采集东侧枝叶。）
石膏（三两。炮制方法同上。）
半夏（半合，用白芥子末，搅入浓醋中使其均匀，投入半夏清洗三四次，水漂，晒干，切碎。）
甘草（三钱。炮制方法同上。）
麦门冬（不必去心，捣烂。二两。）
人参（在饭上蒸晒三次。七钱。）
粳米（一合。清洗。）
以上七味药，用水四升，煮取二升，去掉渣滓，加入粳米，煮到米熟成汤，去掉米粒，分三次温服。
病久不愈四方
鳖甲煎丸（方剂见阳明篇）
蜀漆丸（方剂见牝疟篇）
牛膝汤
牛膝（选取肥大长数尺的，去掉芦头，切碎，用黄精锉片，一同拌和，蒸一炷香，去掉黄精，晒干。四... 上一味药，用水四升，煮取二升，分两次温服，未发作时服一次，临发作时服一次，用好酒二升，煮取亦好。
丁香酒
丁香（不要让接触火，用竹刀切片。一钱。）
槟榔（头圆矮胖的是榔，形状光紫纹的是槟，槟效力小，榔效力大。凡使用槟，选择端正坚实，有锦纹的，用竹刀削去底部，细细切开，不要让接触火。四钱。）
乌梅（选取肥大的，热水润去核，藏在米中蒸熟。三枚。）
常山（临用时去掉苗梢锉片。三钱。甘草水润蒸一次，取出，再用三钱人参拌匀，水润一夜，饭上蒸，饭熟为度，去掉人参晒干。）
以上四味药，装在一个绢囊内，用好酒两碗浸泡，从巳时到夜晚，放置在星月下的洁净高处，横放刀在上面，临发作日寅卯时，慢慢服用；如果人多，分几次服完；如果胃寒的人，仅可隔水微温，但不宜热服，恐怕引起呕吐。服完，温暖覆盖极暖，在静室中卧倒，应当一天不要洗澡。过时未发作，才进糜粥，避风七天。
如果不痊愈，再按前面的方法制作服用。
上面记录的各方，都是古人的成案，各有深意存在。大概人的病，有的症状相同而病因不同，有的病因相同而症状不同；有的病因症状似是而非；有的病因症状似非而是。所以贵在详尽考察病因症状的常规变化，以及探索古人制定方剂的准则，那么我也可以效法处方，何况有古方可以遵循呢？否则（卢之颐）担心他拿着方子去迎合病情。符合，那是幸运；不符合，就是用病人来试验方子了。（卢之颐）私下对此，颇为再三致意。
Longgu (Dragon Bone) is washed twice with Xiangcao Tang (Herb Soup), pounded into powder, placed in a silk bag. Yunmu Fen (Cloud Mother Powder) is taken separately and placed outside the silk bag. The mixture is steamed for the time it takes to burn two incense sticks, then removed and hung over a well mouth overnight.
The above three ingredients are processed into pure powders in equal parts. Before the onset of malaria, take one Fangcunbi (a square-inch measure) orally with water or grain broth.
Muli Tang (Oyster Shell Decoction)
Muli (Oyster Shell): Boil in salt water for one Fushi (two hours), then roast in fire until red, and grind into powder. One tael and five qian.
Mahuang (Ephedrae Herba): Remove joints. One tael.
Shuqi (Stemona Root): Just before use, remove roots, soak in hot water overnight, moisten with Gancao (Licorice Root) powder and steam. After cooling, remove Gancao, chop finely, moisten again with Gancao water, soak overnight, and dry in the sun. Eight qian. If Shuqi is unavailable, replace with Changshan (Dichroa Root).
Gancao (Licorice Root): Remove head and tail, soak in wine and steam from Si hour (9-11 AM) to Wu hour (11 AM-1 PM), dry in the sun, and chop finely. Five qian.
Take the above four ingredients with three sheng (liters) of water. First boil Shuqi and Mahuang until the liquid reduces by one sheng. Remove foam, add the remaining herbs, and boil to obtain one sheng of decoction. Drink half a sheng first. If vomiting occurs, drink the remainder.
Winter Disease Formula No. 1
Huoxiang Zhengqi San (Agarwood Regulating Qi and Resolving Dampness Powder): Suitable for all four seasons.
Dafupi (Arecae Pericarpium): Wash clean with warm water, dry in the sun, mix with Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger) juice, steam for the duration of one incense stick, and dry in the sun. Three taels.
Baizhi (Angelicae Dahuricae Radix): Remove peel, moisten with Huangjing (Polygonati Rhizoma) juice, steam for one Fushi, and dry in the sun. Note: Market varieties are often steamed with Duanshi (Burnt Gypsum) and stored with it, which causes severe harm if ingested. Be extremely cautious. Three taels.
Fuling (Poria): Remove peel, pound into powder, wash with water to remove membranes, clarify, and dry in the sun. Three taels.
Sujingye (Perilla Stem and Leaf): Wash with flowing water from the east, dry in the sun. Three taels.
Zhen Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb): Wash with flowing water from the east, dry in the sun. Three taels.
Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex): Select pieces about one cun thick, reddish in color, and strong in aroma. Remove rough bark. For every tael, apply five qian of Jiangzhi (Ginger Juice), roast until absorbed. Two taels.
Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma): Soak in rice washing water overnight, take out, mix with mountain yellow earth, steam and dry seven times. Two taels.
Guangjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium): Remove white pith, chop finely, wrap in Carp skin overnight, and use the next morning. Two taels.
Jiegeng (Platycodonis Radix): Remove the hard tip (4-5 fen) and side branches. Chop finely on a locust wood cutting board. Mix with paste made from fresh Baihe (Lilii Bulbus), soak in water for one Fushi, filter out, and dry over low heat. Use six qian of Baihe per tael of Jiegeng. Two taels.
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma): Mix Baidijie Fen (White Mustard Seed Powder) into strong vinegar until uniform. Wash Banxia three to five times in this mixture, rinse with water, and dry in the sun. Two taels.
Pound the above ten ingredients into an extremely fine powder. Take three qian per dose with three slices of ginger and one jujube, decocted in water. Take twice daily: once before onset and once after onset.
Spring Disease Formula No. 1
Zibo Tang (Bupleurum and Magnolia Decoction)
Zihu (Bupleuri Radix): Remove head and rhizome, and a small amount of yellow thin skin, chop finely. Two qian.
Duhuo (Angelicae Pubescentis Radix): Chop finely, mix with Yinyanghuo (Epimedii Folium) for two days, dry in the sun, and remove Epimedii Folium. Two qian.
Qianhu (Peucedani Radix): Scrape off dark black skin and rhizome, chop finely, moisten with sweet Zhuli (Bamboo Sap), and dry in the sun. Two qian.
Huangqin (Scutellariae Radix): Select those with rotting intestines appearance, moisten with flowing water from the east, steam for half an incense stick's time, chop finely, and dry in the sun. Two qian.
Maoshan Cangzhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma): Remove rhizome and roots, soak thoroughly in glutinous rice washing water, scrape off black skin, soak again in rice washing water overnight, take out, dry in the sun, and chop finely... Two qian.
Nongpo (Magnoliae Officinalis Cortex): Two qian. Processing method same as above.
Guangjupi (Citri Reticulatae Pericarpium): Two qian. Processing method same as above.
Banxiaqu (Pinelliae Fermented Product): Two qian. Use those processed according to standard methods. Method: Mix Baidijie Fen into strong vinegar, stir evenly, wash Banxia three to five times, rinse with water, dry in the sun, powder it, mix with Shengjiang juice, form into cakes, cover top and bottom with Cang'er Ye (Xanthii Folium), similar to making yeast, wait until yellow mold covers it completely, dry in the sun, and store.
Baifuling (Poria): Two qian. Processing method same as above.
Huoxiang (Patchouli Herb): Two qian. Wash.
Gancao (Licorice Root): One qian. Processing method same as above.
Shengjiang (Fresh Ginger): Three qian. Slice.
Decoct the above twelve ingredients in two sheng of water to obtain one sheng. Take one dose at Wugeng (3-5 AM), and one dose one hour before onset. For those with weak Qi, add Renshen (Ginseng Radix) one qian and Baizhu two qian.
Summer Disease Formulas No. 2
Baihu Tang (White Tiger Decoction)
Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum): Pound into fragments, wet-mill with Gancao water, clarify, and dry. Four taels.
Gancao (Licorice Root): Remove head and tail, moisten with wine, roast until yellow, three qian.
Zhimu (Anemarrhenae Rhizoma): Chop finely on a locust wood cutting board, pound into paste in a dry wooden mortar. One tael and three qian.
Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Glutinosa): One ge (approx. 100ml). Rinse.
Take the above four ingredients with three sheng and five he of water. First boil Jingmi until reduced by half a sheng, remove dregs, add other herbs, boil to obtain half a sheng, remove dregs, and divide into three warm doses.
Zhuye Shigao Tang (Bamboo Leaf and Gypsum Decoction)
Zhuye (Phyllostachys Nigra Leaf): One bundle, collect leaves and branches from the eastern side.
Shigao (Gypsum Fibrosum): Three taels. Processing method same as above.
Banxia (Pinelliae Rhizoma): Half a ge. Mix Baidijie Fen into strong vinegar, stir evenly, wash Banxia three to four times, rinse with water, dry in the sun, and chop finely.
Gancao (Licorice Root): Three qian. Processing method same as above.
Maimendong (Ophiopogonis Radix): Do not remove heart, pound into paste. Two taels.
Renshen (Ginseng Radix): Steam and dry three times over rice. Seven qian.
Jingmi (Oryza Sativa Glutinosa): One ge. Rinse.
Take the above seven ingredients with four sheng of water, boil to obtain two sheng, remove dregs, add Jingmi, cook until rice is soft and soup forms, remove rice grains, and divide into three warm doses.
Four Formulas for Chronic Unresolved Disease
Biejia Jian Wan (Softshell Turtle Pill): See Yangming chapter.
Shuqi Wan (Stemna Root Pill): See Pin Malaria chapter.
Niuxi Tang (Achyranthes Decoction)
Niuxi (Achyranthis Bidentatae Radix): Select large, fat, several chi long pieces, remove rhizome, chop finely, mix with sliced Huangjing, steam for one incense stick's time, remove Huangjing, and dry in the sun. Four... One ingredient alone, boil in four sheng of water to obtain two sheng. Divide into two warm doses: one before onset, one just before onset. Using two sheng of good wine to decoct is also effective.
Dingxiang Jiu (Clove Wine)
Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos): Avoid fire, slice with bamboo knife. One qian.
Binglang (Arecae Semen): Round and short ones are called Lang; smooth and purple-striped ones are called Bing. Bing has weaker efficacy, Lang has stronger efficacy. When using Bing, select firm, upright pieces with brocade-like patterns, cut off the base with a bamboo knife, slice thinly, and avoid fire. Four qian.
Wumei (Mume Fructus): Select plump ones, soften in hot water, remove pits, store in rice and steam until cooked. Three pieces.
Changshan (Dichroae Radix): Remove sprouts and chop into slices just before use. Three qian. Moisten with Gancao water and steam once, take out, mix with three qian of Renshen, moisten with water overnight, steam over rice until rice is cooked, remove Renshen, and dry in the sun.
Place the above four ingredients in a silk bag, soak in two bowls of good wine from Si hour to night, place in a clean high place under stars and moon, lay a knife across it. On the day of onset, during Yin-Mao hours (3-7 AM), take slowly. If there are many people, divide into multiple doses. For those with cold stomach, only warm slightly in hot water; do not take hot, lest it cause vomiting. After taking, keep very warm with covers, lie in a quiet room, and do not bathe for one day. If no onset occurs after this time, proceed to eat millet porridge and avoid wind for seven days.
If not cured, prepare and take again as described above.
The formulas recorded above are all established cases from ancient times, each containing profound meaning. Generally, patients' diseases may have identical symptoms but different causes, or identical causes but different symptoms; some causes and symptoms appear similar yet are distinct, while others appear distinct yet are similar. Therefore, the key lies in thoroughly investigating the normal variations of causes and symptoms, and exploring the principles behind the ancients' formulation of prescriptions. Then we can emulate and prescribe accordingly, especially when following existing ancient formulas. Otherwise, I fear that holding a formula to fit the condition blindly. If it fits, it is fortunate; if it does not, the patient becomes a test subject for the formula. I have paid considerable attention to this matter.