（本经上品）
【气味】甘平，无毒。
【主治】主风头头眩肿痛，目欲脱，泪出，皮肤死肌，恶风湿痹。久服利血气，轻身耐
老延年。茎叶根实并同。
【核】曰∶出川泽田野间，雍州南阳山谷者最胜。宿根再发，亦可子种。茎叶花实，种
种不同。即菊谱所载∶龙脑、新罗、都胜、御爱、玉球、玉铃、金万铃、银台、棣棠、蜂铃、
鹅
红、桃花顺圣、浅紫红二色、邓州黄、邓州白等，亦不能尽收也。茎有株蔓紫赤青绿之殊；
叶有大小浓薄尖秃之异；花有千叶单瓣，有心无心，有子无子，黄白红紫，浅色间色，大小
之别。味有甘苦酸辛之辨。又有夏菊秋菊之分。唯以单叶味甘者入药，即菊谱中名邓州黄、
邓州白者是矣。其花细碎，品不甚高，蕊若蜂窠，中有细子。正月采根，三月采叶，五月采
茎，九月采花，十一月采实。修治唯阴干。术、枸杞、桑根白皮为之使。无子者，谓之牡菊，
烧灰撒地中，能死龟黾，说出周礼。风俗通云∶郦县有菊潭，饮其水者，皆得上寿。又吴末
朱孺子，入玉笥山，餐菊英，乘云上升。康生亦服甘菊而仙。终南五老洞碑，载汉永寿出墨
菊，其色如墨，用其汁以书。背萌国有紫菊，谓之日精，一茎一蔓，延及数亩，味甘，食者
永不饥渴。一种名薏者，茎青肥大，形似蒿艾，味綦苦涩，误服则泄人气，又不可不辨。
【 】曰∶饱霜不陨，草中松柏也。苗春花秋，色黄气烈，秉秋金之制，以制为用，故
字从 ，言在掌握间也。风头头眩、目欲脱、泪出，此肝木变眚，摧拉陨坠，能节制之，
则无三者之病矣。皮肤死肌、恶风湿痹，二者风木失制，亢害所胜，菊得木体之柔，顺受金
制，自然木平风息也。芳香疏畅，故利气。柔润阴成，故利血。凡力之能持者则物轻，性之
不媚者则耐久。更生延年，名实相副，夫奚疑。
（承乃制，则不亢。亢则害，无承制矣。从来以热极似水者，引亢则害承乃制作证，自
不知其背谬耳。能持物轻，不媚耐久，真堪警世。）
【本经上品】
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】主要治疗头风引起的头痛、头晕及肿痛，眼睛感觉要脱出，流泪，皮肤肌肉坏死，以及恶风、风湿痹痛。长期服用能通利血气，使身体轻盈，延缓衰老，延长寿命。茎、叶、根、果实的作用相同。
【考证】曰：菊花生长在川泽田野之间，其中雍州南阳山谷出产的最为优良。宿根可以再次萌发，也可以用种子播种。茎、叶、花、果实，种类各不相同。即使是《菊谱》中记载的：龙脑、新罗、都胜、御爱、玉球、玉铃、金万铃、银台、棣棠、蜂铃、鹅红、桃花顺圣、浅紫红二色、邓州黄、邓州白等品种，也不能全部收录。茎有株蔓，颜色有紫、赤、青、绿的区别；叶子有大、小、浓、薄、尖、秃的差异；花朵有千叶和单瓣之分，有心和无心之别，有子和无子之异，颜色有黄、白、红、紫，还有浅色和间色，大小也有不同。味道有甘、苦、酸、辛的辨别。又有夏菊和秋菊的区分。只有单叶且味道甘甜的才能入药，也就是《菊谱》中名为邓州黄、邓州白的品种。它的花朵细碎，品质不算很高，花蕊像蜂巢，里面有细小的种子。正月采集根，三月采集叶，五月采集茎，九月采集花，十一月采集果实。炮制方法只需阴干。术（白术）、枸杞、桑根白皮作为它的引经药或配伍禁忌参考。没有种子的，称为牡菊，烧成灰撒在地里，能使龟和青蛙死亡，此说出自《周礼》。《风俗通》说：郦县有菊潭，喝那里水的人，都能获得高寿。又吴国末年的朱孺子，进入玉笥山，食用菊花的花瓣，乘云升天。康生也服用甘菊而成仙。终南五老洞碑文，记载汉永寿年间出现墨菊，颜色如墨，用它的汁液来写字。背萌国有紫菊，称为日精，一茎一蔓，蔓延达数亩，味道甘甜，吃的人永远不会饥饿口渴。一种名叫薏的，茎青色肥大，形状像蒿艾，味道极其苦涩，误服会耗散人的元气，这一点也不可不清辨。
【发明】曰：菊花饱经霜雪而不凋落，是草中的松柏。苗期在春，花期在秋，花色黄，气味烈，秉承秋季金的克制之力，以“制”为用，所以字形从“掬”，表示在掌握之间。头风、头晕、目欲脱、泪出，这是肝木发生病变，摧折坠落，菊花能节制它，那么这三种病就不会发生了。皮肤死肌、恶风湿痹，这两种情况是风木失去制约，亢盛为害，菊花得木体之柔，顺受金的克制，自然能使木气平和，风邪平息。芳香疏畅，所以能利气。柔润阴成，所以能利血。凡是力量能持守的物体就轻，本性不谄媚的就耐久。更能重生延年，名实相符，有什么可怀疑的呢。
（承乃制，则不亢。亢则害，无承制矣。从来以热极似水者，引亢则害承乃制作证，自不知其背谬耳。能持物轻，不媚耐久，真堪警世。）
[Shangpin (Superior Grade) of the Benjing]
[Taste and Nature] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Primarily treats headache, dizziness, swelling, and pain caused by head wind; sensation of eyes protruding; tearing; necrosis of skin and muscle; aversion to wind; and bi-syndrome due to wind-dampness. Long-term consumption promotes the flow of blood and qi, lightens the body, delays aging, and prolongs life. The stems, leaves, roots, and fruits have the same effects.
[Verification] It is said: Chrysanthemum grows in riverbanks, marshes, and fields; those from the valleys of Nanyang in Yongzhou are the finest. The perennial roots can sprout again, and it can also be propagated by seeds. The stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits vary greatly in type. Even the varieties recorded in *Ju Pu* (Record of Chrysanthemums), such as Longnao, Xinluo, Dusheng, Yu'ai, Yuball, Yuling, Jinwanling, Yintai, Didang, Fengling, Ehong, Taohua Shunsheng, two shades of pale purple-red, Dengzhou Huang, and Dengzhou Bai, cannot be fully collected. Stems may be bushy or vine-like, varying in color among purple, red, green, and blue-green. Leaves differ in size, density, thickness, shape (pointed or blunt). Flowers vary between double-petaled and single-petaled, with or without centers, with or without seeds, in colors of yellow, white, red, and purple, including light and mixed shades, and sizes. Tastes range from sweet, bitter, sour, to pungent. There are also distinctions between summer chrysanthemum and autumn chrysanthemum. Only those with single leaves and a sweet taste are used medicinally, specifically the Dengzhou Huang and Dengzhou Bai mentioned in *Ju Pu*. Its flowers are small and fragmented, not of high quality; the florets resemble bee hives, containing fine seeds. Roots are harvested in the first lunar month, leaves in the third, stems in the fifth, flowers in the ninth, and fruits in the eleventh. Processing involves only drying in the shade. Baizhu (Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma), Gouqi (Lycii Fructus), and Sangbaipipi (Mori Cortex) serve as guiding herbs or compatibility references. Those without seeds are called "Male Chrysanthemum" (Mu Ju); when burned to ash and scattered on the ground, they can kill turtles and frogs, a claim found in the *Zhou Li* (Rites of Zhou). *Fengsu Tong* states: In Li County, there is a Chrysanthemum Pool; those who drink its water attain longevity. Additionally, during the late Wu period, Zhu Ruzi entered Yusi Mountain, consumed chrysanthemum petals, and ascended to heaven on clouds. Kang Sheng also attained immortality by consuming sweet chrysanthemum. The stele at Wulaodong in Zhongnan Mountain records that in the Yongshou era of Han, black chrysanthemum appeared, colored like ink, and its juice was used for writing. In Beimeng State, there is purple chrysanthemum called "Sun Essence," with one stem and vine spreading over several mu; it tastes sweet, and consumers never feel hunger or thirst. Another variety named "Yi" has green, thick stems, resembling Artemisia and Mugwort, with an extremely bitter and astringent taste; accidental ingestion dissipates human qi, so this must be clearly distinguished.
[Elucidation] It is said: Chrysanthemum withstands frost and snow without falling, being the pine and cypress among herbs. Sprouting in spring and flowering in autumn, with yellow color and potent aroma, it embodies the controlling nature of Autumn Metal. Using "control" as its function, the character derives from "ju" (to hold in hands), indicating it is within grasp. Head wind, dizziness, sensation of eye protrusion, and tearing are pathologies of Liver Wood transforming into disaster, causing collapse and fall; Chrysanthemum can control them, thus preventing these three diseases. Necrosis of skin and muscle, and aversion to wind with damp-bi syndrome, result from Wind-Loss losing control, becoming hyperactive and harmful; Chrysanthemum possesses the softness of Wood body but submits to Metal's control, naturally pacifying Wood and extinguishing Wind. Its aromatic and unblocking properties promote Qi flow. Its soft, moist, and yin-natured qualities promote Blood flow. Whatever maintains its force becomes light; whatever does not flatter endures long. Promoting regeneration and longevity, the name matches reality, leaving no room for doubt.
(When there is succession and control, there is no hyperactivity. Hyperactivity leads to harm; without succession and control... Historically, using cases where extreme heat resembles water to prove "hyperactivity leads to harm, succession brings control" is self-contradictory and ignorant. Maintaining substance while being light, not flattering yet enduring, truly serves as a warning to the world.)