一名海马肾。补阳固精。
咸热。治阴痿精寒。鬼交尸疰。（固精壮阳、是其本功、鬼交尸疰、盖阳虚而阴邪侵之、
阳
壮则阴邪自辟尔。）阳事易举。骨蒸劳嗽者。忌用。两重薄皮裹丸核。皮上有肉黄毛。一穴
三茎。收之器中。年年湿润如新。或置睡犬头上。惊狂跳跃者。真也。用酒浸一日。纸裹炙
香。锉捣。或于银器中。以酒煎熟合药。（以汉椒樟脑同收、则不坏。局方有腽肭脐丸、
精不足者、补之以味也、治虚损、亦可同糯米法面酿酒服。）以上兽类。
宣、调阴阳。
甘微寒。治伤寒劳复发热。男子阴易腹痛。（妇人伤寒初愈、即与交接、毒中男人、名
阴易
、若女人与伤寒男子交者、名阳易、活人有鼠矢汤。）两头尖者。为雄鼠矢。胆、明目。汁
滴耳中。治老聋。肉、治儿疳鼠 。（河间曰∶鼠性善穿而治疮 、因其性为用也。）蛇骨刺
人。（痛甚、用死鼠烧灰敷之。）
古作汇、俗名刺 。泻凉血。
苦平。治胃逆。（宗 曰∶开胃气有功、其字从虫从胃、深有理焉。）肠风泻血五痔。（烧
末
、油调敷、水服亦佳。）阴肿。 黑存性。肉、甘平理胃气。治反胃。令人能食。煮汁饮。
又主 。脂、滴耳治聋。胆、点痘后风眼。似鼠而圆大。褐色攒毛。外刺如栗房。以上鼠
类。
又名海马肾。具有补益阳气、固摄精关的功效。
味咸，性热。治疗阳痿、精液寒冷。以及鬼交尸疰。（固精壮阳是其根本功效，所谓鬼交尸疰，大概是因为阳气虚弱导致阴邪侵袭，只要阳气强盛，阴邪自然退避。）若出现阳事易举（阴茎容易勃起），或有骨蒸劳嗽（阴虚发热伴咳嗽）症状者，忌用。其形态为两重薄皮包裹着丸状的核，皮上有肉黄色的毛，有一个孔穴生出三根茎。收集在容器中，年年保持湿润如新。或者放置在熟睡的狗头上，若狗受惊狂跳者，即为真品。使用时用酒浸泡一天，用纸包裹后炙烤至香，切碎捣烂。或者在银器中，用酒煎熟后入药。（如果用汉椒和樟脑一同收藏，则不会变质。《局方》中有腽肭脐丸，对于精气不足者，用味道来补益，治疗虚损，也可以按照糯米法面酿酒服用。）以上属于兽类药材。
宣通，调和阴阳。
味甘，微寒。治疗伤寒病愈后因劳累复发的发热，以及男子阴易腹痛。（妇女患伤寒初愈，立即与人交接，毒气传染给男人，称为阴易；如果是女人与患伤寒的男人交接，称为阳易，《活人书》中有鼠矢汤。）两端尖锐的，称为雄鼠矢。胆，能明目。汁液滴入耳中，治疗老年耳聋。肉，治疗小儿疳积鼠瘘。（河间曰：鼠性善于打洞，故用于治疗疮疡，这是取其特性来发挥作用。）蛇骨刺伤人。（疼痛剧烈时，用死鼠烧成灰敷贴患处。）
古字作“汇”，俗名“刺蝟”（刺猬）。泻火凉血。
味苦，性平。治疗胃气上逆。（宗曰：开胃气有功，其字形从虫从胃，深含道理。）治疗肠风下血及五种痔疮。（烧成末，用油调敷，用水服送亦佳。）治疗阴肿。存性（煅烧至外部焦黑内部保留药性）使用。肉，味甘平，调理胃气。治疗反胃，使人能够进食。煮汁饮用。又主治狐臭。脂，滴耳治疗耳聋。胆，点涂痘疹后的风眼。外形似鼠但圆大，褐色簇拥着毛发，外表有像栗房一样的刺。以上属于鼠类药材。
Also known as Hippocampus Kidney (Tanna Qi). It tonifies Yang and secures essence.
Salty and hot in nature. Treats impotence and cold sperm. Also treats "ghost intercourse" and "corpse taint" (Guijiao Shizhu) [conditions attributed to yin pathogens invading due to yang deficiency]. (Securing essence and strengthening yang is its fundamental function; "ghost intercourse" and "corpse taint" are likely caused by yin pathogens invading due to yang deficiency. When yang is strong, yin pathogens naturally repel themselves.) Contraindicated for those with easy erection of the penis or bone-steaming consumption cough (Guzheng Lao Sou).
Its morphology consists of a pill-shaped core wrapped in two layers of thin skin, with yellowish fleshy hair on the skin. There is one pore from which three stems emerge. When collected in a container, it remains moist and fresh year-round. If placed on the head of a sleeping dog and the dog jumps up in fright, it is genuine. For use, soak in wine for one day, wrap in paper, and roast until fragrant. Then chop and pound. Alternatively, cook thoroughly in wine in a silver vessel before incorporating into prescriptions. (If stored together with Sichuan pepper (Hanjiao) and borneol (Zhangnao), it will not spoil. The *Ju Fang* contains Tanna Qi Pill. For those with insufficient essence, tonify with flavor to treat deficiency damage. It can also be taken by brewing wine using the method for glutinous rice flour.) Above are classified as animal-derived medicines.
It promotes circulation and harmonizes Yin and Yang.
Sweet and slightly cold in nature. Treats fever relapsing after labor following typhoid fever (Shanghan Laofu) and abdominal pain due to male "Yin Yi" (Yin Exchange). ("Yin Yi" refers to when a woman, just recovering from typhoid fever, engages in sexual intercourse, transmitting toxicity to the man. If a woman engages with a man suffering from typhoid, it is called "Yang Yi". The *Huoren Shu* contains Rat Feces Decoction (Shushi Tang). Those with pointed ends at both sides are designated as male rat feces.
The gallbladder brightens the eyes. Its juice, dropped into the ear, treats deafness in the elderly. The flesh treats pediatric malnutrition and scrofula (Er Gan Shulou). (Hejian stated: Rats are good at burrowing, thus they are used to treat sores, utilizing their nature for therapeutic effect.) If pierced by snake bones (extremely painful), apply ash from burnt dead rats.
Anciently written as "Hui", commonly known as Hedgehog (Ciwei). It drains heat and cools blood.
Bitter and neutral in nature. Treats rebellious stomach Qi. (Zong stated: It benefits opening stomach Qi; the character comprises 'insect' and 'stomach', which holds profound reasoning.) Treats wind-intestinal bleeding and five types of hemorrhoids. (Burn to ash, mix with oil for topical application, or take orally with water.) Treats genital swelling. Use the part charred externally but retaining internal properties (Cunxing). The flesh is sweet and neutral, regulating stomach Qi. Treats regurgitation/vomiting, enabling appetite. Drink the decoction. It also primarily treats body odor. The fat, dropped into the ear, treats deafness. The gallbladder, applied topically, treats wind-eye conditions after smallpox/variolous eruptions. It resembles a rat but is rounder and larger, with brown clustered fur and external spines resembling chestnut husks. Above are classified as rodent-derived medicines.