通、去湿热。
甘凉。煮食。治小便赤涩。去烦热。利湿热。除酒疸。作菹利胸膈。安五脏。令人欢乐
忘
忧。轻身明目。根治沙淋。下水气。（小便不通、煎水频饮甚良、遍身水肿亦效。）除酒疸。
（
黄色遍身者、捣汁服。）吹乳乳痈肿痛。（擂酒服、外以滓封之。）
补阴润燥。
苦平。补阴气不足，治失精茎冷。令人皮肤光泽，有子。（时珍曰∶石龙芮、乃平补之
药、
古方多用之、其功与枸杞覆盆子相埒、而世不知用、何哉。）逐诸风。利关节。止烦渴。明
耳目。用子。（根皮功用相仿、差不及尔。）
叶（名水堇、俗呼胡椒菜。）甘微辛。苦涩寒。除心下烦热。主寒热鼠 。瘰 生疮。
结核聚
气。（食疗本草、堇菜日干为末、油煎成膏、日三五度、摩之便瘥。）下瘀血。（易简方、血
疝初起、胡椒菜 按揉之。）止霍乱。解诸毒。（唐本草、捣汁洗马毒疮、并服之、又涂蛇蝎
毒、及痈肿。淮南万毕术、蛇咬生疮、生堇杵汁涂之。）
疣目贯发。以茎穿之即干灭。凡赤眼拳毛倒睫者。翻转目睑。以一二茎蘸水。戛去恶血。
甚
良。一名莠。（莠之乱苗即此。）又名光明草。（治目疾、故名。）
通、破血解毒。
苦平。解毒排脓。治痈肿。破凝血。疗产后诸病。（时珍曰∶败酱乃手足阳明、厥阴药
也、
善排脓破血、故仲景治痈、及古方妇人科、产后腰痛腹痛等证多用之、后人不知用、盖未遇
识者尔。）一名苦菜。用根苗。（杨氏疗乳方、治蠼 尿疮绕腰者、败酱煎汁、涂之甚良。）
通利，去除湿热。
味甘性凉。煮食可治疗小便赤红涩痛，去除烦热，通利湿热，消除酒疸。制成腌菜食用可通畅胸膈，安定五脏，使人心情欢乐忘却忧愁，身体轻盈目力明亮。根部可根治沙淋，下行水气。（若出现小便不通，煎水频繁饮用效果很好；全身水肿也有效。）消除酒疸。（若全身发黄，捣取汁液服用。）治疗吹乳、乳痈肿痛。（研磨后加酒服用，并将药渣外敷于患处。）
补阴润燥。
味苦性平。补益阴气不足，治疗遗精、阴茎寒冷。使皮肤光泽，有助于生育。（李时珍说：石龙芮是平和补益的药物，古方中多用此药，其功效与枸杞、覆盆子相当，但世人不知使用，为什么呢？）驱逐各种风邪，利关节，止烦渴，明目聪耳。使用种子。（根皮的功用相似，只是稍差一些。）
叶（名为水堇，俗称胡椒菜）。味甘微辛，味苦涩性寒。清除心下烦热，主治寒热往来、鼠瘘、瘰疬生疮、结核聚气。（《食疗本草》记载：将堇菜晒干研为末，用油煎成膏状，每日涂抹三至五次，即可痊愈。）下行瘀血。（《易简方》记载：血疝初起时，用胡椒菜按压揉搓。）止霍乱，解各种毒。（《唐本草》记载：捣汁清洗马毒疮，并内服；又涂于蛇蝎毒及痈肿处。《淮南万毕术》记载：蛇咬生疮，用生堇菜捣汁涂抹。）
疣目贯穿头发。用茎穿过疣目即可干枯消灭。凡是患有赤眼、拳毛倒睫的人，翻转眼睑，用一两根茎蘸水，刮去恶血，效果很好。又名莠。（莠草扰乱禾苗即指此物。）又名光明草。（因治疗眼疾而得名。）
通利，破血解毒。
味苦性平。解毒排脓，治疗痈肿，破除凝血，治疗产后各种疾病。（李时珍说：败酱是手足阳明经、厥阴经的药物，善于排脓破血，所以张仲景治疗痈肿，以及古方妇科中，产后腰痛腹痛等证候多用此药，后人不知使用，大概是没有遇到识货的人罢了。）又名苦菜。使用根和苗。（杨氏疗乳方记载：治疗蠼螋尿疮环绕腰部者，用败酱煎汁涂抹，效果很好。）
Promotes free flow, eliminates damp-heat.
Sweet and cool in nature. Boiled for food, it treats red and scanty or painful urination, removes irritability and heat, promotes the discharge of damp-heat, and eliminates jaundice caused by alcohol consumption. Prepared as pickles, it benefits the chest and diaphragm, calms the five zang organs, brings joy and forgets worries, lightens the body, and improves vision. The root cures sand-like strangury (Sha Lin), and directs water qi downward. (For urinary retention, frequent drinking of the decoction is very effective; it is also effective for generalized edema.) Eliminates alcoholic jaundice. (For generalized yellowing of the body, take the crushed juice.) Treats mastitis (Chui Ru) and breast abscess with swelling and pain. (Grind and take with wine; apply the dregs externally to seal the area.)
Nourishes yin and moistens dryness.
Bitter and neutral in nature. Tonifies insufficient yin qi, treats seminal emission and cold penis. Makes the skin lustrous and aids fertility. (Li Shizhen said: Shi Long Rui is a mild tonic herb, frequently used in ancient prescriptions. Its efficacy is comparable to Gouqi and Fupenzi, yet people today do not know to use it. Why?) Expels various wind pathogens, benefits the joints, stops irritability and thirst, and brightens the eyes and ears. Use the seeds. (The root bark has similar functions but is slightly less potent.)
Leaves (named Shui Jin, commonly called Hu Jiao Cai). Sweet and slightly acrid, bitter and astringent, cold in nature. Clears irritability and heat in the epigastrium. Primarily treats alternating chills and fever, scrofula (Shu Lou), scrofulous sores, tuberculous masses, and qi accumulation. (*Shi Liao Ben Cao* records: Dry the Jin Cai, grind into powder, fry with oil into a paste, and rub on the affected area three to five times daily for recovery.) Directs blood stasis downward. (*Yi Jian Fang* records: For early-stage blood hernia, press and massage with Hu Jiao Cai.) Stops cholera-like vomiting and diarrhea, resolves various toxins. (*Tang Ben Cao* records: Crush and extract juice to wash horse poison sores, and ingest; also apply to snake and scorpion bites, and carbuncles. *Huai Nan Wan Bi Shu* records: For snake bite sores, apply fresh juice of Jin Cai.)
Verrucae (Warts) penetrating hair. Pierce the wart with the stem, and it will dry up and disappear. For those suffering from red eyes, trichiasis (Quan Mao Dao Jie), flip the eyelid, dip one or two stems in water, and scrape away the evil blood. This is very effective. Also named You. (You refers to this plant, which confuses seedlings.) Also named Guang Ming Cao. (Named so because it treats eye diseases.)
Promotes free flow, breaks blood stasis, and detoxifies.
Bitter and neutral in nature. Detoxifies and discharges pus, treats carbuncles and swellings, breaks coagulated blood, and treats various postpartum conditions. (Li Shizhen said: Bai Jiang is a herb of the Foot and Hand Yangming and Jueyin meridians. It excels at discharging pus and breaking blood stasis. Therefore, Zhang Zhongjing used it for treating carbuncles, and ancient gynecological formulas frequently used it for postpartum lower back pain, abdominal pain, etc. Later generations did not know to use it, likely because they had not met those who recognized its value.) Also named Ku Cai. Use the roots and shoots. (*Yang Shi Liao Ru Fang* records: To treat Qu Su Niao Chuang encircling the waist, decoct Bai Jiang and apply the juice; this is very effective.)