一名蜗蠃。泻热。
甘寒。明目下水。止渴醒酒。解热。利大小便。消黄胆水肿。治反胃痢疾。脱肛痔漏。
壳（泻湿热。）主治痰饮积及胃脘痛。反胃膈气。痰嗽鼻渊。脱肛痔疾。疮疖下疳。汤火伤
。（时珍曰∶螺乃蛤蚌之属、大抵与蚌粉蛤粉蚶蚬之类同功、合而观之、自可神悟也。）泥中
及墙壁上年久者良。火 。（凡 螺蚌蛎蛤之灰壅田、则草死而禾茂、若用粪壅田、则禾草
皆茂。）
泻热。
咸寒。治瘰 结核。胸中郁闷不舒。比螺蛳身细而长。壳有旋纹六七屈。头上有靥。初
春蜒
起。 海崖石壁。海人设网于下。一掠而取。治以盐酒椒桂。
补阴。
甘酸咸寒。补肝肾。益精髓。明耳目。产宁波者。大而多脂。（鄞县南田者为第一、闽
中者
、肉 、无脂膏、不中食。沈云将食物本草会纂曰∶吐铁、海中螺属也、有如指头大者
、则有脂如凝膏、自其壳中吐出、膏大于本身、光明洁白可爱、姑苏人享客、佐下酒小盘、
为
一
名梅螺。
消食。
甘咸微温。下气调中。利五脏。疗消渴。消腹中宿食。令人能食易饥。产四明奉化者佳。
（
异物名记云∶厥甲美如瑶玉、肉柱肤寸、名江珧柱、屠本 闽中海错疏曰∶江珧壳、色如淡
菜、上锐下平、大者长尺许、肉白而韧、柱圆而脆、沙蛤之美在舌、江珧之美在柱。刘恂
岭表录作海月者、误也、海月圆如镜、见后。）
【螺蛳】
又名蜗蠃。具有泻除热邪的功效。
味甘、性寒。能明目、利水通淋，止渴并解酒毒，清除体内热邪，通利大小便，消除黄疸和水肿，治疗反胃、痢疾、脱肛及痔疮漏管等症。
其壳（功效为泻除湿热）主治痰饮积聚以及胃脘疼痛，反胃膈气，痰嗽，鼻渊（鼻窦炎），脱肛痔疾，疮疖下疳，以及汤火烫伤。
（李时珍说：螺属于蛤蚌一类，大致与蚌粉、蛤粉、蚶、蚬等具有相同功效，综合观察它们，自然可以神会领悟。）
生长在泥土中及墙壁上年久者品质较好。需煅烧成炭使用。（凡是煅烧螺、蚌、牡蛎、蛤的灰来壅塞田地，则杂草死亡而禾苗茂盛；如果用粪肥壅田，则禾苗和杂草都茂盛。）
【江珧柱/带子】
具有泻除热邪的功效。
味咸、性寒。治疗瘰疬结核，胸中郁闷不舒。比螺蛳身体细长，壳上有六七道旋纹弯曲，头上有凹陷。初春时节从泥中或墙壁上年久处爬起，栖息于海崖石壁。海边人在下部设网，一掠即可捕获。用盐、酒、花椒、肉桂进行烹调处理。
【吐铁】
具有补阴的功效。
味甘、酸、咸，性寒。滋补肝肾，益精填髓，使耳目聪明。产于宁波的个体较大且多油脂。（鄞县南田出产的质量第一，福建中部出产的肉质粗糙，无油脂膏脂，不适合食用。沈云在《食物本草会纂》中说：吐铁是海中螺类的一种，有像手指头大小的，就有如凝固膏脂般的油脂，从壳中吐出，膏脂比本身还大，光明洁白可爱，姑苏人宴请宾客时，作为佐酒的小菜盘，因此又名为梅螺。）
【江珧柱】
具有消食的功效。
味甘、咸，微温。降气调中，利五脏，治疗消渴症，消除腹中积滞的食物，使人食欲增加但容易饥饿。产于四明奉化的品质佳。
（《异物名记》记载：其甲壳美如玉瑶，肉柱寸许，名为江珧柱。屠本畯《闽中海错疏》说：江珧的壳，颜色像淡菜，上尖下平，大的长约一尺，肉白而坚韧，柱圆而脆。沙蛤的美在于舌，江珧的美在于柱。刘恂《岭表录异》称其为“海月”，是错误的，“海月”圆如镜子，见后文。）
[Snail]
Also known as Wo Luo. It has the effect of purging heat.
Sweet and cold in nature. It brightens the eyes, promotes urination to relieve water retention, relieves thirst,醒酒 (clears alcohol intoxication), clears heat, facilitates both large and small bowel movements, eliminates jaundice and edema, and treats regurgitation, dysentery, rectal prolapse, and hemorrhoidal fistulas.
The shell (effect: purges damp-heat) mainly treats phlegm-fluid accumulation and epigastric pain, regurgitation with chest oppression, cough with phlegm, nasal sinusitis (Bi Yuan), rectal prolapse and hemorrhoids, sores and carbuncles, chancre, and scalds or burns.
(Li Shizhen said: Snails belong to the category of clams and mussels. Generally, they share similar functions with clam powder, mussel powder, ark clams, and cockles. Observing them together allows for intuitive understanding.)
Those grown in mud or on walls for many years are of good quality. They should be calcined into charcoal. (When the ash of calcined snails, clams, oysters, and cockles is used to fertilize fields, weeds die while crops thrive; whereas if manure is used, both crops and weeds grow luxuriantly.)
[Pen Shell Adductor Muscle / Jiangyao Zhu]
Has the effect of purging heat.
Salty and cold in nature. It treats scrofula and tubercles, and a feeling of depression and discomfort in the chest. It is thinner and longer than the snail body, with six or seven spiral ridges on the shell and a dimple on the head. In early spring, it emerges from mud or old walls, inhabiting sea cliffs and rock faces. Fishermen set nets below and catch them in one sweep. It is prepared with salt, wine, Sichuan pepper, and cinnamon.
[Tutie]
Has the effect of nourishing Yin.
Sweet, sour, salty, and cold in nature. It tonifies the Liver and Kidneys, benefits essence and marrow, and improves vision and hearing. Those produced in Ningbo are larger and richer in fat. (Those from Nantian, Yinxian, are considered the best. Those from central Fujian have coarse flesh without fat or oil, making them unsuitable for consumption. Shen Yun stated in *Shiwu Bencao Huizan*: Tutie is a type of marine snail. Individuals about the size of a finger produce fat resembling solidified paste, which is expelled from the shell. The paste is larger than the body itself, bright, white, and lovely. People in Gusu serve it as a small side dish for guests with wine, hence also named Meiluo.)
[Jiangyao Zhu / Pen Shell Adductor Muscle]
Has the effect of promoting digestion.
Sweet, salty, and slightly warm in nature. It directs Qi downward, harmonizes the Middle Jiao, benefits the Five Zang organs, treats Xiao Ke (wasting-thirst syndrome), eliminates retained food in the abdomen, increases appetite but makes one prone to hunger. Those produced in Fenghua, Siming, are of superior quality.
(*Yiwu Mingji* records: Its shell is beautiful like jade, with an adductor muscle column about an inch long, named Jiangyao Zhu. Tu Benjun in *Minzhai Haicuo Shu* says: The shell of the pen shell resembles that of a mussel, sharp at the top and flat at the bottom, up to a foot long. The meat is white and tough, and the column is round and crisp. The delicacy of sand clams lies in their tongue, while the delicacy of the pen shell lies in its column. Liu Xun's *Lingbiao Lu Yi* calls it "Hai Yue" (Sea Moon), which is incorrect; "Hai Yue" is round like a mirror, see later text.)