泻热、解毒。
酸寒。治乳痈、便毒。有奇功。一名爵梅。叶如蔷薇叶。生细梅。如小豆大。
水草类 石草类 苔类
通、利水、泻膀胱火、去湿热。
甘咸微寒。入膀胱。利小便。（热在气分而口渴者。）泻肾经之火邪。功颛利湿行水。治
消渴
痰饮。呕吐泻痢。肿胀水痞。香港脚疝痛。淋沥阴汗。（阴间有汗。）尿血泄精。（既利水而又
止泄精、何也、此乃湿热为病、不为虚滑者言也、虚滑则当用补涩矣。）一切湿热之病。湿
热既除。则清气上行。又能止头旋。有聪耳明目之功。（脾胃有湿热、则头重耳鸣目昏、渗
去其湿热、则清气上行、头目诸证自除、仲景八味丸用泽泻、宗 谓其接引桂附入肾经、时
珍
膀胱之邪气也、古人用补、有宜泻邪、邪去则补药得力、一阖一辟
、此乃玄妙、后人不知此理、专一于补、必致偏胜之患矣、王履溯洄集曰∶地黄山萸茯苓丹
皮、皆肾经药、桂附右肾命门药、何待接引乎、钱仲阳谓肾为真水、有补无泻、或云脾虚肾
旺、故泻肾扶脾、不知肾之真水不可泻、泻其伏留之邪耳、易老云∶去脬中留垢、以其微咸
、能泻伏水故也。）泽泻善泻。古称补虚者误矣。扁鹊谓其害眼者确也。病患无湿。肾虚
精滑。目虚不明。切勿轻与。新鲜不蠹。色白者佳。去皮。盐水拌。或酒浸。畏文蛤。忌铁
。
泻热、解毒。
酸寒。治疗乳痈（乳房急性化脓性炎症）、便毒（腹股沟淋巴结炎或脓肿）。有奇效。又名爵梅。叶子像蔷薇叶。结细小的果实，像小豆那么大。
水草类 石草类 苔类
通利、利水、泻膀胱火、去除湿热。
甘咸微寒。入膀胱经。通利小便。（适用于热在气分且口渴的情况。）泻肾经的火邪。功效专于利湿行水。治疗消渴（以多饮、多食、多尿、形体消瘦为特征的疾病）、痰饮（体内水液代谢障碍形成的病理产物）、呕吐、腹泻痢疾、肿胀、水痞（因水饮停聚导致的心下痞满）、香港脚（脚气病）、疝痛、淋沥（小便滴沥不尽）、阴汗（阴部出汗）。（阴间有汗。）尿血、泄精。（既然能利水，为什么又能止泄精呢？这是因为此药针对的是湿热致病，而非虚滑不禁。若是虚滑证，则应当使用补益固涩的药物了。）一切湿热之病。湿热既除，则清气上行，又能止头晕目眩，有聪耳明目的功效。（脾胃有湿热，则头重、耳鸣、目昏，渗利去其湿热，则清气上行，头目诸证自然消除。张仲景八味丸中使用泽泻，据李时珍所言，是取其接引桂枝、附子入肾经，并引导膀胱之邪气排出。古人用补法，有时适宜先泻邪气，邪去则补药得力，一阖一辟，这是玄妙之处。后人不知此理，专一于补，必致偏胜之患。王履在《溯洄集》中说：地黄、山萸肉、茯苓、丹皮，都是肾经药；桂枝、附子是右肾命门药，何须接引呢？钱乙说肾为真水，只有补没有泻；有人说脾虚肾旺，所以泻肾扶脾，不知道肾的真水不可泻，这里说的是泻其伏留的邪气而已。易老说：去除膀胱中留存的垢浊，因为味微咸，能泻伏水故也。）泽泻善于泻利。古称其补虚是错误的。扁鹊说它害眼是正确的。病患无湿，肾虚精滑，目虚不明，切勿轻易给予。新鲜不蛀，色白者佳。去皮。盐水拌，或酒浸。畏文蛤。忌铁。
Clearing heat, detoxifying.
Sour and cold. Treats mastitis (acute purulent inflammation of the breast) and bubo (inguinal lymphadenitis or abscess). Has miraculous efficacy. Also known as Juemei. Leaves resemble those of Rosa rugosa. Bears small fruits, about the size of adzuki beans.
Aquatic plants, Lithophytes, Mosses
Unblocking, promoting diuresis, clearing bladder fire, removing damp-heat.
Sweet, salty, slightly cold. Enters the Bladder Meridian. Promotes urination. (Applicable when heat is in the Qi level accompanied by thirst.) Clears fire pathogenic factors from the Kidney Meridian. Its efficacy specializes in promoting dampness removal and water metabolism. Treats Xiao Ke (a disease characterized by excessive drinking, eating, urination, and emaciation), Phlegm-Rheum (pathological products formed by disorders of body fluid metabolism), vomiting, diarrhea and dysentery, swelling, Shui Pi (epigastric fullness due to fluid retention), Hong Xiang Jiao (Beriberi), Shan Tong (hernia pain), Lin Li (dribbling urine), Yin Han (sweating in the genital area). (Sweating in the genital region.) Hematuria, spermatorrhea. (Since it promotes diuresis, why can it also stop spermatorrhea? This is because this herb targets diseases caused by damp-heat, not those caused by deficiency and slipping. If it is a deficiency-slipping syndrome, tonifying and astringent herbs should be used.) All diseases caused by damp-heat. Once damp-heat is removed, clear Qi ascends. It can also stop vertigo and has the effect of improving hearing and vision. (When there is damp-heat in the Spleen and Stomach, there is heavy head, tinnitus, and blurred vision. By leaching out the damp-heat, clear Qi ascends, and symptoms of the head and eyes are naturally eliminated. In Zhang Zhongjing's Ba Wei Wan, Ze Xie is used; according to Li Shizhen, it serves to guide Gui Zhi and Fu Zi into the Kidney Meridian and guide pathogenic factors from the Bladder out. When ancients used tonification, it was sometimes appropriate to first clear pathogenic factors; once pathogens are gone, tonics work effectively. Closing and opening, this is the profound mystery. Later generations did not understand this principle, focusing solely on tonification, which inevitably leads to imbalance. Wang Lu in *Suhui Ji* said: Di Huang, Shan Yu Rou, Fu Ling, Dan Pi are all Kidney Meridian herbs; Gui Zhi and Fu Zi are Right Kidney Ming Men herbs, why do they need guiding? Qian Yi said the Kidney is True Water, having only tonification without purgation; some say Spleen deficiency with Kidney excess, thus purging the Kidney to support the Spleen, not knowing that the True Water of the Kidney cannot be purged; here it refers to purging lingering pathogens. Yi Lao said: Removing residual filth from the bladder because its slight saltiness can purge hidden water.) Ze Xie excels at purging. The ancient claim that it tonifies deficiency is erroneous. Bian Que's assertion that it harms the eyes is accurate. For patients without dampness, Kidney deficiency with spermatorrhea, and blurred vision due to eye deficiency, do not administer lightly. Fresh and uninfested, white-colored ones are superior. Remove the skin. Mix with salt water, or soak in wine. Averse to Wen Ge. Avoid iron.