\r王不留行\pq31.bmp\r
入阳明而达血。苦且辛平。通乳汁以行肝。走而不守。痹风淋痛。内服均除。痈
肿金疮。外敷并效。（王不留行多生麦田中。即俗名翘摇子。甘苦辛平。专入阳明血分。行
血活血。是其专长。故能治风痹乳痈金疮等证。用之外治。亦取其散血之功多。故能兼入肝
经。以肝为藏血之地。故治经闭赤浊等证。总之此药皆以滑利见长也。）
\r瞿麦\pq32a1.bmp\r
苦寒达膀胱以分消。功专利水。下降通小肠之闭结。力可行瘀。导浊须求。治淋有力
。（瞿麦色黑。能入心肝小肠膀胱血分。苦寒之性。破血利窍。足以尽之。在用者领会耳。
瞿麦之性下降。逐血颇猛。若小肠膀胱无血热闭结。以及胎产虚人。皆当禁之。）
\r地肤子\pq32a.bmp\r
治太阳湿热癃淋。性味苦寒阳自降。化脾部阴淫晦疾。功能分利水潜消。（地肤子
苦寒性降。入脾胃。下行膀胱。祛下焦湿热浊垢。利窍行水。是其本功。至于治皮肤疮疡。
亦因湿热所化。本经称其补中益精气。久服耳目聪明。轻身耐老等语。亦邪去正安之意。非
地肤有补性也。）
\r决明子\pq32.bmp\r
微寒无毒。治水虚木实之邪。甘苦兼咸。疗赤肿羞明之疾。（决明子一名马蹄决明
。其形如豆。色青黑。味甘苦咸寒。入肝肾二经。略有补性。故本经尊之上品。大抵不外益
肾水。清肝火。水生火退。则目自明。故有此名也。）
王不留行
入阳明经并通达血分。味苦且辛，性平。能通利乳汁以疏泄肝气。药性走窜而不固守。风湿痹痛、淋证疼痛，内服均可消除。痈肿、金疮（金属利器造成的创伤），外敷同样有效。（王不留行多生长在麦田中，即俗称的翘摇子。味甘、苦、辛，性平，专入阳明经的血分。行血和活血是它的专长，因此能治疗风痹、乳痈、金疮等病症。用于外治时，也是利用它散血的功效较多，所以也能兼入肝经，因为肝是藏血的脏器，因此能治疗经闭、赤浊等证。总之，此药都以滑利见长。）
瞿麦
味苦寒，达膀胱经以分清消浊。功效专门在于利水。药势下降，通利小肠的闭塞郁结，药力可行瘀血。引导浊邪需要依靠它，治疗淋证很有力量。（瞿麦颜色黑，能入心、肝、小肠、膀胱的血分。其苦寒的性质，破血利窍的特点，足以概括其特性，关键在于使用者领会。瞿麦的药性下降，逐血作用颇为猛烈。如果小肠、膀胱没有血热闭结的情况，以及孕妇、产后体虚之人，都应当禁用。）
地肤子
治疗太阳经湿热导致的癃闭淋证。性味苦寒，阳气自然下降。化解脾部阴湿淫溢引起的晦暗疾病。功能在于分利水湿，潜消浊邪。（地肤子苦寒，性质沉降，入脾胃经，下行至膀胱，祛除下焦湿热浊垢，利窍行水是它的基本功效。至于治疗皮肤疮疡，也是因为湿热所化生。《本经》称它能补中益精气，久服耳目聪明，轻身耐老等话语，也是邪气去除后正气安宁的意思，并非地肤子本身有补益的性质。）
决明子
微寒，无毒。治疗水虚木实（肾水不足，肝火亢盛）的病邪。味甘、苦兼咸。治疗眼睛红肿、羞明怕光的疾病。（决明子又名马蹄决明。形状像豆子，颜色青黑，味甘、苦、咸、寒，入肝、肾二经，略有补益性质。因此《本经》尊其为上品。大致不外乎益肾水、清肝火，肾水生则肝火退，眼睛自然明亮，所以有此名称。）
Wangbuliuxing (Vaccariae Semen)
Enters the Yangming channel and reaches the blood level. Bitter and pungent, neutral in nature. Promotes lactation by moving Liver Qi. It moves without staying fixed. Rheumatic bi syndrome, strangury with pain are all relieved by internal administration. Carbuncles, sores, and metal wounds are effective when applied externally. (Wangbuliuxing often grows in wheat fields, also commonly known as Qiaoyaozi. Sweet, bitter, and pungent, neutral in nature, it specifically enters the blood aspect of the Yangming channel. Moving blood and invigorating blood are its specialties; hence it can treat wind-bi, breast abscesses, and metal wounds. When used for external treatment, it is also because it has much dispersing blood efficacy, thus it can also enter the Liver channel, as the Liver stores blood, so it treats amenorrhea and red turbidity. In short, this herb excels in being slippery and unblocking.)
Qumai (Dianthi Herba)
Bitter and cold, reaches the Bladder channel to separate clear from turbid and eliminate pathogens. Its function specializes in promoting urination. Descending in action, it unblocks the closure and stagnation of the Small Intestine; its power can move blood stasis. Guiding turbidity requires relying on it; it is powerful in treating strangury. (Qumai is black in color, able to enter the blood aspect of the Heart, Liver, Small Intestine, and Bladder channels. Its bitter-cold nature and ability to break blood and open orifices sufficiently describe it; the key lies in the practitioner's understanding. The nature of Qumai descends, and its blood-driving action is quite fierce. If there is no blood-heat closure in the Small Intestine or Bladder, as well as in pregnant women, postpartum women, and deficient persons, it should be prohibited.)
Difuzi (Kochiae Fructus)
Treats strangury and dysuria caused by damp-heat in the Taiyang channel. Bitter and cold in nature, Yang qi naturally descends. It transforms the dark diseases caused by Yin-dampness overflowing in the Spleen region. Its function lies in separating and draining water, and secretly eliminating turbid pathogens. (Difuzi is bitter and cold, with a descending nature, entering the Spleen and Stomach channels, descending to the Bladder, dispelling damp-heat and turbid filth in the Lower Jiao. Opening orifices and promoting water movement are its fundamental functions. As for treating skin sores and ulcers, it is also due to transformation by damp-heat. The *Shennong Bencao Jing* states that it tonifies the middle, benefits essence and Qi, and long-term use makes eyes and ears bright, lightens the body, and increases longevity; these words imply that after pathogenic factors are removed, healthy Qi is at peace, not that Difuzi itself has tonifying properties.)
Juemingzi (Cassiae Semen)
Slightly cold, non-toxic. Treats the pathogen of Water deficiency and Wood excess (Kidney Water deficiency with Liver Fire hyperactivity). Sweet, bitter, and salty in taste. Cures diseases of red swelling and photophobia of the eyes. (Juemingzi is also named Matijueming. Its shape resembles a bean, color is green-black, taste is sweet, bitter, salty, and cold. It enters the Liver and Kidney channels, with slight tonifying properties. Therefore, the *Shennong Bencao Jing* honors it as a superior grade. Generally, it does nothing more than nourish Kidney Water and clear Liver Fire; when Water generates and Fire retreats, the eyes become bright naturally, hence this name.)