微毒 丛生
菠 利五脏通肠胃热解酒毒服丹石人食之佳北人食肉面即平南人食鱼鳖水米即冷不可多
食冷大小肠久食令人脚弱不能行发腰痛不与蛆鱼同食发霍乱吐泻（名医所录）【名】赤根菜
【苗】刘禹锡嘉话录云菠 本西国中有自彼将其子来如苜蓿葡萄因张骞而至也本是颇陵国将
来语讹尔时多不知也今据圃人播子于畦其叶渐长繁茂而有三尖者名为火焰菠 根叶柔嫩作茹
食之甘美至六七月茎高二三尺作荚生子颇类蒺藜子其根色赤故北人呼为赤根菜也【时】（生）
秋初生苗（采）九月十月取【用】茎叶【色】青绿【味】甘【性】冷【气】气之薄者阳中之
阴
无毒 丛生
苦 治面目黄强力止困敷蛇虫咬又汁敷疔肿即根出蚕蛾出时切不可取拗令蛾子青烂蚕妇
亦忌食野苦 五六回拗后味甘滑于家苦 甚佳（名医所录）【名】天净菜【苗】谨按春生苗
摘
其叶有白汁出人多采以生啖之亦可蒸作茹若远行人马皆可食也【地】处处有之【时】（生）
春
生苗（采）夏月取【用】茎叶【色】绿【味】苦【性】冷【气】气薄味浓阴也【臭】腥
无毒微毒 海生
鹿角菜下热风气疗小儿骨蒸热劳丈夫不可久食发痼疾损经络血气令人脚冷痹损腰肾少颜
色服丹石人食之下石力也（名医所录）【苗】谨按鹿角菜茎长二三寸红紫色生海中石上其茎
中
空而多岐形类鹿角故以名之海人采鬻以作蔬茹今笔家煮以制笔盖取其粘滑而不散乱也【地】
（
咸【
性】大寒【气】味浓于气阴也【臭】腥【解】面热
【菠薐菜】
微毒。丛生。
菠薐菜能通利五脏，疏通肠胃中的热邪，解除酒毒。服用丹石类药物的人食用它很好。北方人吃肉和面食时，吃它能起到平抑作用；南方人吃鱼、鳖、水和米时，吃它则会使身体变冷，因此不可多吃。多吃会损伤大小肠，长期食用会导致双腿无力无法行走，引发腰痛。不能与蛆鱼同食，否则会引起霍乱、呕吐和腹泻。（名医所录）
【名称】赤根菜
【苗情】刘禹锡《嘉话录》记载：菠薐菜原本产于西国，有人从那里带来种子，像苜蓿和葡萄一样，是通过张骞出使西域带回来的。这原本是“颇陵”国的东西，后来语音讹传而成此名。当时人们大多不知道它的来历。现在根据园丁的说法，将种子播撒在田畦中，叶子逐渐生长繁茂，其中有三尖叶的称为“火焰菠薐”。其根叶柔嫩，煮熟后食用味道甘美。到了六七月，茎长高二三尺，结荚生子，形状很像蒺藜子。因为其根部颜色发红，所以北方人称它为“赤根菜”。
【时令】（生长）秋初生苗。（采收）九月十月采集。
【药用部位】茎叶。
【色泽】青绿色。
【味道】甘。
【药性】冷。
【气味】气味淡薄，属于阳中之阴。
【苦荬菜】
无毒。丛生。
苦荬菜能治疗面目发黄，增强体力，缓解疲劳，外敷可治蛇虫咬伤；用其汁液外敷疔肿，可使毒根排出。蚕蛾出现时，千万不可采摘折断，以免导致蛾子变成青色腐烂，养蚕妇女也忌讳食用野生的苦荬菜。野生苦荬菜经过五六次采摘后，味道会变甘甜滑润，家种的苦荬菜则更好。（名医所录）
【名称】天净菜
【苗情】谨按：春季生苗，摘取叶子时有白色汁液流出。人们多采集来生吃，也可以蒸熟作为蔬菜食用。如果是远行的人或马匹，都可以食用。
【产地】到处都有。
【时令】（生长）春生苗。（采收）夏季采集。
【药用部位】茎叶。
【色泽】绿色。
【味道】苦。
【药性】冷。
【气味】气薄味浓，属阴。
【气味特征】腥。
【鹿角菜】
无毒，微毒。海生。
鹿角菜能降下热邪，调理风气，治疗小儿骨蒸劳热。丈夫不可久食，否则会诱发陈旧性疾病，损伤经络气血，导致双脚冰冷麻木，损害腰肾，减少面色光泽。服用丹石类药物的人食用它，会降低丹石的药力。（名医所录）
【苗情】谨按：鹿角菜茎长二三寸，呈红紫色，生长在海水中的岩石上。其茎中空且多分枝，形状像鹿角，因此得名。海边人采集售卖，将其作为蔬菜食用。现在的制笔工匠煮用它来制作毛笔，大概是取其粘滑而不散乱的性质。
【产地】（生于）咸水环境。
【药性】大寒。
【气味】味浓于气，属阴。
【气味特征】腥。
【解毒】解面部热毒。
[Spinach]
Slightly toxic. Grows in clusters.
Spinach (Bo-leng) promotes the smooth functioning of the five Zang organs, unblocks heat in the intestines and stomach, and resolves alcohol toxicity. It is beneficial for those taking Dan-shi (cinnabar and other mineral drugs). For northerners who consume meat and wheat noodles, it has a balancing effect; for southerners who eat fish, turtles, water, and rice, it induces coldness, so it should not be eaten in excess. Excessive consumption damages the large and small intestines. Long-term use leads to weakness in the legs, inability to walk, and lower back pain. It should not be consumed together with maggoty fish, as this may cause cholera, vomiting, and diarrhea. (Recorded by famous physicians)
[Name] Red-root vegetable.
[Seedling description] Liu Yuxi's "Jia Hua Lu" records: Spinach originally came from Western countries. Seeds were brought from there, similar to alfalfa and grapes, introduced via Zhang Qian's mission to the Western Regions. It was originally from the country of Poling, and the name is an phonetic corruption. At that time, people largely did not know its origin. According to gardeners, when sown in plots, the leaves grow lush. Those with three-pointed leaves are called "Flame Spinach". The roots and leaves are tender and delicious when cooked. By the sixth or seventh lunar month, the stems grow two to three chi high, producing pods with seeds resembling Tribulus terrestris (Jili). Because the roots are red, northerners call it "Red-root vegetable".
[Season] (Growth) Seedlings emerge in early autumn. (Harvest) Collected in the ninth and tenth lunar months.
[Medicinal Part] Stems and leaves.
[Color] Bluish-green.
[Taste] Sweet.
[Nature] Cold.
[Qi Character] Qi is thin, belonging to Yin within Yang.
[Endive / Sonchus oleraceus]
Non-toxic. Grows in clusters.
Sonchus oleraceus treats jaundice of the face and eyes, strengthens the body, relieves fatigue, and when applied externally, treats snake and insect bites. Its juice applied externally can draw out the root of carbuncles (Ding-swelling). When silkworm moths appear, one must absolutely not pick or break the plant, lest the moths turn blue and rot; silk farmers also avoid eating wild Sonchus. Wild Sonchus becomes sweet and slippery after five or six pickings; cultivated Sonchus is superior. (Recorded by famous physicians)
[Name] Tianjing Vegetable.
[Seedling description] Careful examination indicates: Seedlings emerge in spring. Leaves exude white juice when picked. People often gather them to eat raw, or steam them as vegetables. They can be eaten by travelers and horses alike.
[Location] Found everywhere.
[Season] (Growth) Seedlings emerge in spring. (Harvest) Collected in summer.
[Medicinal Part] Stems and leaves.
[Color] Green.
[Taste] Bitter.
[Nature] Cold.
[Qi Character] Qi is thin, taste is strong, belongs to Yin.
[Odor] Fishy.
[Seaweed / Eucheuma spinosum]
Non-toxic, slightly toxic. Marine habitat.
Eucheuma spinosum clears heat, regulates wind-qi, and treats bone-steaming consumptive fever in children. Men should not consume it for long periods, as it may trigger chronic diseases, damage meridians, collaterals, blood, and qi, causing coldness and numbness in the feet, and damaging the waist, kidneys, and complexion. For those taking Dan-shi, consuming it reduces the efficacy of the mineral drugs. (Recorded by famous physicians)
[Seedling description] Careful examination indicates: Eucheuma spinosum stems are two to three cun long, reddish-purple, growing on rocks in the sea. The stems are hollow and branched, resembling deer antlers, hence the name. Sea dwellers harvest and sell it as a vegetable. Modern brush makers boil it to make brushes, likely utilizing its sticky and cohesive properties.
[Location] (Grows in) Saline water.
[Nature] Greatly Cold.
[Qi Character] Taste is stronger than Qi, belongs to Yin.
[Odor] Fishy.
[Detoxification] Resolves facial heat.