青黛,文具蓝实条下。
\r景天\ph126.bmp\r,生泰山山谷,今南北皆有之。人家多种于中庭,或以盆盎植于
屋上,云以辟火,谓之
慎火草。春生苗,叶似马齿而大,作层而上,茎极脆弱;夏中开红紫碎花,秋后枯死;亦有
宿根者。四月四日、七月七日采其花并苗叶,阴干。攻治疮毒及婴孺风疹在皮肤不出者,生
取苗叶五大两,和盐三大两,同研,绞取汁,以热手摩涂之,日再。但是热毒丹疮,皆可如
此用之。
\r天名精\ph127.bmp\r,生平原川泽,今江湖间皆有之。夏秋抽条,颇如薄荷,花紫
白色,叶如菘菜而小,
故南人谓之地菘。香气似兰,故名蟾蜍兰。状如蓝,故名虾蟆蓝。其味甘、辛,故名麦句姜
,一名豕首。《尔雅》所谓 (音列) (音真),豕首是也。江东人用此以 (音炒)蚕蛹。
五
月采此草,既名地菘,下品又有地菘条。陶隐居云∶钓樟条说地菘,事见《异苑》。宋·元
嘉(公元424~452年)中,刘 为青州,射一獐,既剖五脏,以此草塞之,蹶然而起,
怪而
拔草,便倒,如此者三。 密录以种之,主折伤多愈,因名刘 草。陈藏器以谓此草既有鹿
活之名,雅与獐事相会,当便是一物不疑矣,故并于此见之。
青黛,其详细记载见“蓝实”条目之下。
景天,生长在泰山的山谷中,如今南北各地都有分布。人们多将其种植在庭院中,或者用盆盎栽种在屋顶上,据说可以辟除火灾,因此被称为“慎火草”。春天生出苗叶,叶子形状像马齿苋但更大,层层叠叠向上生长,茎非常脆弱;夏季中期开出红紫色的细碎小花,秋后枯死;也有宿根存活的品种。农历四月四日和七月七日采集其花朵连同苗叶,阴干。用于治疗疮毒以及婴幼儿皮肤上的风疹(表现为皮疹不出),取新鲜苗叶五大两,配合盐三大两,一同研磨,绞取汁液,用温热的手按摩涂抹患处,每日两次。凡是热毒引起的丹毒疮疡,都可以这样使用。
天名精,生长在平原沼泽地带,如今长江、太湖流域等地都有分布。夏秋季节抽条,形态颇似薄荷,花呈紫白色,叶子像白菜(菘菜)但较小,所以南方人称之为“地菘”。香气类似兰花,因此名叫“蟾蜍兰”。外形像蓝草,所以又名叫“虾蟆蓝”。它的味道甘、辛,因此名叫“麦句姜”,又名“豕首”。《尔雅》中所说的“䔧”(音列)和“𦸛”(音真),指的就是豕首。江东地区的人用它来炒蚕蛹。五月采集这种草,既然已经名为“地菘”,而本草下品中又有单独的“地菘”条目。陶弘景说:钓樟条目中提到的地菘,事迹见于《异苑》。南朝宋元嘉年间(公元424~452年),刘为青州刺史时,射中一头獐子,剖开五脏后,用这种草塞住伤口,獐子突然站起来,奇怪的是拔掉草后,獐子又倒下,如此反复三次。刘将此草秘密收藏并种植,发现它主治折伤(骨折跌打损伤)大多能痊愈,因此命名为“刘寄奴草”。陈藏器认为此草既有“鹿活”的名字,又与獐子的故事相吻合,应当确认为同一物无疑,所以一并收录于此。
Qingdai (Indigo Naturalis), its detailed description is found under the entry for "Lanshi" (Baphicacanthi Radix).
Jingtian (Sedum aizoon), grows in the valleys of Mount Tai, and is now distributed in both northern and southern regions. It is often planted by households in courtyards or potted on rooftops, said to ward off fire disasters, hence called "Shenhua Cao" (Fire-Preventing Herb). In spring, shoots and leaves emerge; the leaves resemble Portulaca oleracea but are larger, growing in layers upwards, with extremely fragile stems. In mid-summer, it blooms with small red-purple flowers, and dies back after autumn; some varieties have perennial roots. The flowers, along with shoots and leaves, are harvested on the 4th day of the 4th lunar month and the 7th day of the 7th lunar month, then dried in the shade. It is used to treat sores, toxins, and infantile wind-rash (skin eruptions due to wind-pathogen) that do not erupt on the skin. Fresh shoots and leaves (5 large liang) are combined with salt (3 large liang), ground together, and the juice is extracted. This juice is applied by massaging onto the affected area with warm hands, twice daily. This method can be used for any heat-toxin-induced erysipelas or sores.
Tianmingjing (Prunellae Spica / Selaginella tamariscina - *Note: Context suggests Prunella vulgaris or similar, historically confused with others, here translated based on description*), grows in plains and marshes, and is now common in the Jianghu (Yangtze and Taihu Lake) region. In summer and autumn, it sends up stems, resembling Mentha haplocalyx (Peppermint) in appearance, with purple-white flowers. The leaves resemble Brassica rapa var. chinensis (Chinese Cabbage) but are smaller, hence southern people call it "Disong" (Earth Chinese Cabbage). Its fragrance resembles orchids, thus named "Chanchu Lan" (Toad Orchid). Its shape resembles Isatidis Folium (Indigo Leaf), hence also named "Xiamalang" (Toad Blue). Its taste is sweet and pungent, hence named "Maijujiang", also known as "Shishou". The "Erya" mentions "Li" (sound lie) and "Zhen" (sound zhen), referring to Shishou. People in Jiangdong use this herb to stir-fry silkworm pupae. Harvested in May. Since it is already named "Disong", and there is a separate entry for "Disong" in the Lower Grade of materia medica, Tao Hongjing stated: Regarding the Disong mentioned in the Diaozhang entry, the story appears in "Yi Yuan". During the Yuanjia era of the Song Dynasty (424–452 AD), Liu Jingsu served as the Inspector of Qingzhou. He shot a roe deer, dissected its viscera, and stuffed this herb into the wound. The deer suddenly stood up. Surprisingly, upon removing the herb, the deer collapsed again. This happened three times. Liu secretly collected and cultivated this herb, finding it highly effective for treating fractures and traumatic injuries, hence naming it "Liu Jinu Cao" (Liu Jinu's Herb). Chen Cangqi argued that since this herb has the name "Lu Huo" (Deer Reviver) and aligns with the story of the roe deer, it must undoubtedly be the same substance, and thus included it here.