Mabiancao (Verbena officinalis), not recorded in ancient texts regarding its origin, is now found in Hengshan, Lushan, and various prefectures of Jianghuai. Seedlings emerge in spring, resembling wild wolf's teeth, similar to Motherwort (Yimucao) but with round stems, growing three to two chi high, producing three or four spikes. The seedlings and leaves are harvested in July and August, dried in the sun for use. It tastes sweet and bitter, is slightly cold in nature, and has slight toxicity. Some say the seeds can also be used universally. Ancient prescriptions often employ this herb. Ge Shi treats sudden onset of massive abdominal water accumulation by using ten jin each of Mabiancao and Salvia miltiorrhiza root (Shuweicao), boiled in one dan of water until five dou remain. The dregs are removed, and it is further decocted until thick and concentrated, then mixed with flour to form pills. Each dose consists of two or three soybean-sized pellets, gradually increased to four or five, which is highly effective.

Zhugen (Broussonetia papyrifera root), not recorded in ancient texts regarding its origin, is abundant in Fujian, Shu, Jiangsu, Zhejiang, etc. Its bark can be processed into cloth. The seedlings grow seven to eight chi high; leaves resemble paper mulberry leaves, green on the front and white on the back, covered with short hairs; thin spikes with blue flowers appear between summer and autumn; the roots are yellowish-white and light/hollow. Harvested in February and August. There is also a variety called Shan Zhu, which is similar. According to Lu Ji's "Caomu Shu": Broussonetia papyrifera has dozens of stems per clump, with perennial roots underground that sprout naturally in spring without need for planting. Between Jing and Yang regions, it is harvested three times a year; official orders mandated garden cultivation, harvesting twice a year, peeling the bark, scraping the surface with bamboo to remove the thick outer layer, obtaining the inner fibrous part like sinew, boiling it for suturing. This practice remains common in Jiangzhe and Fujin today. It is required in formulas for fetal demise during pregnancy. Additionally, it treats Bai Dan (a type of skin disease); decocting it strongly for bathing, three to four times daily, leads to recovery. Wei Zhou treated carbuncles and sores on the back; when detected early before suppuration, he applied mashed Zhugen and leaves topically, changing frequently day and night until swelling subsided and healing occurred.

Gugen (Zizania latifolia root), not recorded in ancient texts regarding its origin, is found in lakes, rivers, ponds, and marshes, known as Jiao Cao in Jiangnan. It grows in water, leaves resembling cattail or reeds, cut for feeding horses makes them fat. In spring, tender shoots emerge, sweet and edible, known as Gucai or Jiaobai. In older plants, a white central structure resembling a child's arm forms, called Goushou. What people call Goushou today is incorrect. The "Erya" mentions Qushu, annotated as resembling earth mushrooms growing among Zizania grass, referring precisely to this. Hence, southerners still call mushrooms "Gu," deriving from this meaning. Those with black centers are called Jiaoyu. Its root resembles Reed rhizome (Lugen), being colder and more purgative. In low-lying areas of Liangzhe, Zizania grass is most abundant. Their roots grow intertwined, eventually floating together on the water surface, locally called Guofeng. After removing leaves, the land can be cultivated. Seedlings with stems are called Gujiang Cao. In autumn, they produce seeds, namely Diaohu Rice. Ancients considered it a delicacy; even in famine years, people collect it as food. "Xijing Zaji" states: By the Taiye Pool in Han Chang'an, there were Diaohu, Zituo, and Lüjie, belonging to cattail-like plants. Zizania with grain is called Diaohu by Chang'an people. Phragmites rice with husks is Zituo. Zizania with heads is called Lüjie. However, these types of rice are no longer commonly distinguished. Generally, all varieties of Zizania are extremely cold and should not be overconsumed, as they are detrimental to health. They are only suitable for those taking mineral drugs (Jinshi).