产江西抚州，中心有孔者是。
辛温无毒。逢原云∶性最升散，专于开郁宽胸，通行经络。郁在中焦，则胸膈痞满作痛，
须
抚芎开提其气以升之，气升则郁自降。故抚芎总解诸郁，直达三焦，为通阴阳气血之使，然
久服耗气，令人暴亡矣。
按∶芎 有数种，蜀产曰川芎，秦产曰西芎，江西为抚芎。纲目
取川芎列名，而西芎、抚芎仅于注中一见，亦不分其功用。盖芎 以蜀产为上，味辛而甘，
他产气味辛烈，远不逮矣。殊不知西芎与川芎，性不甚远，俱为血中理气之药。第西产不及
川产者力浓而功大。至抚芎则性专于开郁上升，迥然不同，故石顽于川芎下另立抚芎一条，
以明不可混，今从之。
芎归饮∶不药良方∶治失血涌吐，因饱食用力，或因持重努伤脉络，用当归二两或三两，
酒
浸洗。抚芎一两，微炒，水三碗，酒一碗半，煎至八分，作二次服之。取其引血归经。并治
跌扑坠打而伤脉络，令人大吐者。二症中如有瘀血，或加大黄下之，或加桃仁红花破之，或
加郁金黄酒行之，审症酌加，其效更速。普济方∶一切热疖时毒肿痛，抚芎 研，入轻粉麻
油调涂。
产于江西抚州的，是中心有孔的那种。
味辛、性温，无毒。《逢原》记载：其药性最善于升散，专门用于开通郁结、宽畅胸膈，通行经络。如果郁结在中焦，导致胸膈痞闷胀满并疼痛，必须用抚芎来提举气机使其上升，气机一旦上升，郁结自然消散。因此抚芎能总解各种郁结，直达三焦，作为沟通阴阳气血的使者，然而长期服用会耗损元气，使人突然死亡。
按语：川芎（Xiongqiong, 藁本属植物根茎）有好几种，四川产的叫川芎，陕西产的叫西芎，江西产的叫抚芎。《本草纲目》将川芎列为正名，而西芎、抚芎仅在注释中出现一次，也没有区分它们的功能。大概是因为川芎以四川产的为上品，味道辛中带甘，其他产地的气味辛烈，远远比不上。殊不知西芎与川芎，药性相差不大，都是血中理气的药物。只是西地产的不及川地产的药力浓厚、功效显著。至于抚芎，则药性专门在于开郁上升，截然不同，所以张石顽在川芎条目下另立抚芎一条，以说明不可混淆，现在遵从他的观点。
芎归饮方剂：出自《不药良方》，治疗失血涌吐，因饱食用力，或因负重努伤脉络所致，用当归二两或三两，酒浸洗。抚芎一两，微炒，水三碗，酒一碗半，煎至八分，分两次服用。取其引导血液回归经脉的作用。同时也治疗跌打坠压损伤脉络，导致人大量吐血的情况。这两种病症中如果有瘀血，或者加大黄攻下，或者加桃仁、红花破血，或者加郁金、黄酒行气，审察症状酌情添加，疗效更快。《普济方》记载：一切热疖时毒肿痛，将抚芎研末，加入轻粉、麻油调匀涂抹。
汪连仕说：就是千叶水仙花，黄色和白色的入药，红色的不可服用。取根部敷贴解毒，晒干研成粉末，配合通关散吹入鼻腔。
从新说：这是升麻的一种变种。缪仲醇在《广笔记》中用它治疗痢疾，每每有效。
药性最窜捷，治疗痢疾下行受伤。
按语：升麻颜色绿的为佳，并非另一种。
Produced in Fuzhou, Jiangxi, the variety with a hole in the center is the correct one.
Pungent, warm, non-toxic. *Fengyuan* states: Its nature is most ascending and dispersing, specifically used to open stagnation and broaden the chest, unblocking the meridians. If stagnation occurs in the middle jiao (Middle Burner), causing chest and diaphragm stuffiness, fullness, and pain, Fuxiong must be used to lift the qi so that it ascends; once the qi ascends, the stagnation naturally dissipates. Therefore, Fuxiong resolves various types of stagnation, reaches the three jiao directly, and acts as an envoy to connect yin and yang and qi and blood. However, long-term use depletes qi and can cause sudden death.
Note: There are several varieties of Xionqiong (Ligusticum rhizome). The Sichuan variety is called Chuanxiong, the Shaanxi variety is called Xixiong, and the Jiangxi variety is called Fuxiong. *Bencao Gangmu* lists Chuanxiong as the main entry, while Xixiong and Fuxiong appear only once in the notes, without distinguishing their functions. This is likely because Chuanxiong from Sichuan is considered superior, with a pungent yet sweet taste, whereas other varieties have a pungent and harsh flavor, far inferior. It is unknown that Xixiong and Chuanxiong have similar natures; both are herbs for regulating qi within the blood. However, the Shaanxi variety is not as potent or effective as the Sichuan variety. As for Fuxiong, its nature is specifically focused on opening stagnation and ascending, which is completely different. Therefore, Zhang Shiwang established a separate entry for Fuxiong under Chuanxiong to clarify they should not be confused. We follow this approach here.
Xionggui Yin (Angelica and Ligusticum Decoction): From *Bu Yao Liang Fang*, treats hemorrhage and vomiting due to overeating and exertion, or injury to vessels from lifting heavy weights. Use Danggui (Angelicae Sinensis Radix) 2 liang or 3 liang, soaked and washed in wine. Fuxiong 1 liang, slightly stir-fried. Add 3 bowls of water and 1.5 bowls of wine, decoct until 0.8 remains, divide into two doses. This aims to guide blood back to the vessels. It also treats massive hematemesis caused by trauma, falls, or blows damaging the vessels. If blood stasis is present in either condition, add Dahuang (Rhei Radix et Rhizoma) to purge, or add Taoren (Persicae Semen) and Honghua (Carthami Flos) to break stasis, or add Yujin (Curcumae Radix) and Huangjiu (Vinum) to move qi. Adjust according to symptoms for faster efficacy. *Puji Fang* records: For all heat boils and toxic swellings, grind Fuxiong into powder, mix with Qingfen (Calomelas) and Mayou (Oleum Sesami), and apply externally.
Wang Lianshi says: It is the thousand-petal Narcissus flower. The yellow and white varieties are used medicinally; the red variety is not edible. Take the root, apply to poison, dry it, grind into powder, and combine with Tongguan San to insufflate into the nose.
Congxin says: It is a distinct variety of Shengma (Cimicifugae Rhizoma). Miao Zhongchun used it to treat dysentery in *Guang Biji*, often with success.
Its nature is most agile and penetrating, treating injuries caused by downward flow in dysentery.
Note: Shengma with green color is best; it is not a different species.