疗冷热，止渴。
土芋即黄独，俗名香芋，肉白皮黄，形如小芋，一名土卵，与野芋不同。纲目野芋附家
芋内
，土芋另立一条，可知。然所引仅据陈藏器一说，不知其功能稀痘，小儿熟食，大解痘毒；
其藤烧灰敷痘烂成疮，可无瘢痕。 群芳谱∶土芋，其根唯一颗而色黄，故名黄独。
文堂集验∶一名仙人掌，同野芋一种。但此种叶较小，略似慈菇，叶有尖，此又与草本
形如
鞋底者不同。（仙人掌形如鞋底。）
治诸物食积，已成痞块者，用野芋头磨烂，和糯米粉淡煮粥，每早食一茶钟，不用油盐。
十
无害（集验）。
罗浮志∶深谷中产，物如薯芋状，山人得之，剖作四片，入砂盆磨作胶浆，锅煮成膏，
待冷
则凝结如饼块，一复剖为四片，添水再煮成膏，膏成，照前三煮四煮，乃可食令饱，一芋所
煮，可充数十人之腹，故称鬼芋焉。芋有四异，初生不借根苗，叶上朝露着地，即成种子，
一异也；采制不令妇人鸡狗见之，见即化水，二异也；磨时煮时匕须顺旋，逆之即化水，三
异也；一芋之成，由一而四，四而十六，十六而六十有四，如卦象之数，四异也。闻庐山衡
岳各有鬼芋，采制又不同。
野毛豆生园隰中，蔓生，枝细弱，叶细尖，两两排枝对生，清明后开淡紫细花，结实如
毛豆
，立夏后可采，初生苗绝似金凤花苗叶，其荚俨似角蒿，中有子二，圆如小绿豆，小满前后
皆黑，老便枯落矣。 生田塍间，茎叶及荚较家者细小，一名劳豆。
沈氏效方∶性微寒，平肝火，治疳疾目疾。 百草镜∶治黄白疸，性能发汗，救生苦海；
治
痘毒。八九月时，田塍边采，连茎根用， 存性研，单用其豆更妙，麻油和敷，不问初起日
久、未溃已溃，俱效。
按∶通雅引焦弱侯曰，野田小豆曰 （音劳）。陈留耆旧传云∶赤眉以 豆与桓牧，隋
末子通
攻江都，夏侯端采 豆食之。身之曰，野豆也。鲁刀切，劳豆，或 、 二字之讹也。然考
古今注∶ 豆，一名治豆，叶似葛，而实长尺余，可蒸食；一名 菽，纲目鹿藿一名 豆，
又名鹿豆，即今野绿豆。尔雅释草∶ 鹿藿，注，今鹿豆也。唐书夏侯端传撷 豆以食，则
似又非野毛豆之属。今野毛豆亦名 豆，岂名同而物异欤，并与之以俟考。
肝疳初起 百草镜∶野毛豆鲜者七钱、干者五钱，鸡肝一具，同煮食，煎服亦可。
治疗寒热病，止渴。
土芋就是黄独，俗称香芋，肉质白色外皮黄色，形状像小芋头，又名土卵，与野芋不同。《本草纲目》将野芋附在家芋条目内，而土芋另立一条，由此可知区别。然而书中引用的内容仅依据陈藏器的一种说法，不知道它具有使痘疹稀疏的功能，小儿煮熟食用，可以大大缓解痘毒；其藤蔓烧成灰后外敷在溃烂的痘疮上，可以不留瘢痕。《群芳谱》记载：土芋，它的根只有一颗且颜色发黄，所以名叫黄独。
《文堂集验》记载：又名仙人掌，同野芋属于同一类。但这种植物的叶子较小，略微像慈菇，叶子有尖角，这又与草本植物中形状像鞋底的（仙人掌）不同。治疗各种食物积滞，已经形成痞块的情况，用野芋头磨烂，和糯米粉清淡煮粥，每天早晨喝一茶杯，不用油盐。无害（出自《集验》）。
《罗浮志》记载：产于深谷中，物体形状像薯芋，山中人得到它，剖开成四片，放入砂盆中磨成胶浆，在锅中煮成膏状，冷却后凝结如饼块，再剖开为四片，加水再次煮成膏，膏制成后，按照前三次煮四次剖的方法重复，才可以吃饱，一个芋头所煮的膏，可以供几十人充饥，所以称为鬼芋。芋头有四奇：初生时不依靠根苗，叶上的晨露落到地上，就变成种子，这是第一奇；采摘制作时不让妇女、鸡狗看见，看见了就会化成水，这是第二奇；研磨时、煮时勺子必须顺向旋转，逆向就会化成水，这是第三奇；一个芋头的成品，由一变四，四变十六，十六变六十四，符合卦象的数量，这是第四奇。听说庐山、衡岳各有鬼芋，采摘制作方法又不同。
野毛豆生长在园圃和低湿之地，蔓生，枝条细弱，叶子细长尖锐，两两排列在枝条上对生，清明后开淡紫色的细小花朵，结出的果实像毛豆，立夏后可以采摘，初生的苗叶极像金凤花（凤仙花）的苗叶，它的荚果很像角蒿，里面有两粒种子，圆得像小绿豆，小满前后都是黑色的，老了就会枯落。生长在田埂间，茎叶及荚果比家种的细小，又名劳豆。
《沈氏效方》记载：性微寒，平肝火，治疗疳疾引起的眼疾。《百草镜》记载：治疗黄疸，性能发汗，救生苦海；治疗痘毒。八九月时，在田埂边采摘，连茎根一起使用，保留药性研末，单用其豆子更好，用麻油调和外敷，不论初起日久、未溃已溃，都有效。
按语：《通雅》引用焦竑的话说，野田里的小豆叫“藜”（音劳）。《陈留耆旧传》说：赤眉军把“藜”豆给桓牧吃，隋末子通攻打江都时，夏侯端采集“藜”豆吃。王应麟说，这是野豆。鲁刀切，劳豆，可能是“藜”、“藿”二字之讹。然而考证《古今注》：“藜”豆，又名治豆，叶子像葛藤，但果实长一尺多，可以蒸食；又名“藜”菽，《本草纲目》中鹿藿又名“藜”豆，又名鹿豆，就是现在的野绿豆。《尔雅·释草》：“藜”鹿藿，注解说，就是现在的鹿豆。《唐书·夏侯端传》记载他摘“藜”豆来吃，那么似乎又不是野毛豆这一类。现在野毛豆也名“藜”豆，难道是同名而物不同吗？一并记录下来等待考证。
Treats cold and heat disorders, relieves thirst.
Tuyu (Earth Taro) is Huangdu (Dioscorea bulbifera), commonly known as Xiangyu (Fragrant Taro). Its flesh is white and skin yellow, shaped like a small taro. It is also called Tuluan (Earth Egg) and is different from Yeyu (Wild Taro). In *Bencao Gangmu* (Compendium of Materia Medica), Yeyu is appended under the entry for Jiayu (Domestic Taro), while Tuyu has its own separate entry, which indicates the distinction. However, the cited content relies only on one statement by Chen Cangqi. It is unknown that it has the function of thinning out smallpox lesions; when cooked and eaten by children, it greatly resolves smallpox toxin; burning its vines to ash and applying it topically to ulcerated smallpox sores can prevent scarring. *Qunfang Pu* (Spectacular Collection of Plants) records: Tuyu, its root consists of a single tuber that is yellow in color, hence the name Huangdu (Yellow Monocot).
*Wentang Jiyuan* (Collected Experiences from Wutang Hall) records: Also named Zhangxianzhang (Cactus), belonging to the same category as Yeyu. However, this variety has smaller leaves, slightly resembling Zhiyu (Arrowhead), with pointed leaf tips. This differs from the herbaceous plant whose shape resembles a shoe sole (Zhangxianzhang). To treat food stagnation that has already formed palpable masses (Pi Kuai), grind fresh Yeyutou (Wild Taro Tuber) into a paste, mix with glutinous rice flour, and cook into a plain porridge without oil or salt. Consume one teacupful every morning. It is harmless (*Jiyan*).
*Luofu Zhi* (Record of Mount Luofu) records: Grows in deep valleys, resembling sweet potatoes or taros. Mountain dwellers obtain it, cut it into four pieces, grind it into a gum-like paste in a mortar, and boil it in a pot until it forms a paste. Upon cooling, it solidifies into cake-like blocks. Cut again into four pieces, add water, and boil into paste again. After the paste is formed, repeat the process of boiling three times and cutting four times. Only then can it be eaten to satiety. One tuber can provide enough paste to fill the stomachs of dozens of people, hence it is called Guiyu (Ghost Taro). The taro has four anomalies: 1. When first sprouting, it does not rely on roots or seedlings; morning dew on the leaves falls to the ground and becomes seeds. 2. During harvesting and processing, women, chickens, and dogs must not see it; if seen, it turns into water. 3. When grinding or boiling, the spoon must rotate clockwise; counter-clockwise rotation causes it to turn into water. 4. The formation of one tuber proceeds from one to four, four to sixteen, and sixteen to sixty-four, corresponding to the numbers in the I Ching hexagrams. It is heard that Lushan and Hengyue each have their own Guiyu, with different harvesting and processing methods.
Yemaodou (Wild Soybean) grows in gardens and low-lying damp areas. It is creeping, with slender and weak branches. Leaves are slender and pointed, arranged oppositely in pairs along the stem. It blooms with pale purple small flowers after Qingming Festival. The fruit resembles soybeans and can be harvested after Lixia (Start of Summer). The young shoots resemble those of Jin Fenghua (Impatiens balsamina / Balsam) in both stems and leaves. Its pods resemble those of Jiaohao (Astragalus adsurgens), containing two seeds inside, round like small mung beans. Around Xiaoman (Grain Buds), they are black; when mature, they wither and fall off. Growing between field ridges, its stems, leaves, and pods are smaller than domestic varieties. It is also called Laodou (Labor Bean).
*Shen Shi Xiao Fang* (Effective Prescriptions by Mr. Shen) records: Nature is slightly cold. Calms Liver Fire. Treats Gan Ji (Childhood Malnutrition Syndrome) affecting the eyes. *Baicao Jing* (Mirror of Hundred Herbs) records: Treats Yellow and White Jaundice. Its nature promotes sweating, saving lives from suffering seas; treats Smallpox Toxin. Harvest in August and September from field ridges, using stems and roots together. Preserve the medicinal property and grind into powder. Using only the beans is even better. Mix with Sesame Oil for topical application. Effective regardless of whether the condition is recent or chronic, un-ulcerated or ulcerated.
Note: *Tongya* quotes Jiao Ruohou saying that small beans growing in wild fields are called "Li" (pronounced Lao). *Chenliu Qijiu Zhuan* states that the Red Eyebrows army gave "Li" beans to Huan Mu. At the end of the Sui Dynasty, when Zitong attacked Jiangdu, Xiahou Duan gathered "Li" beans to eat. Wang Shenzhi stated that these are wild beans. Pronounced with the Lu Dao cut, Laodou may be a corruption of the characters "Li" or "Huo". However, consulting *Gujin Zhu*: "Li" bean, also known as Zhi Dou, has leaves similar to Kudzu, but fruits over a chi long, which can be steamed and eaten; also known as Li Shu. In *Bencao Gangmu*, Luhuo (Deer Vetch) is also named Li Dou, or Ludou, which is the current Wild Mung Bean. *Erya · Shi Cao* notes: Li Luhuo, annotated as the current Ludou. The *Book of Tang · Biography of Xiahou Duan* mentions him picking Li beans to eat, suggesting it might not belong to the Yemaodou category. Currently, Yemaodou is also named Li Dou. Could it be that names are the same but substances differ? Recorded together for further investigation.
For early-stage Liver Gan Ji (Liver-related Childhood Malnutrition): *Baicao Jing* records: Use 7 qian of fresh Yemaodou or 5 qian of dried Yemaodou, plus one chicken liver. Boil together and consume. Decoction is also acceptable.