（《拾遗》）
【主治】妇人难产，热酒服一钱（藏器）。
（《拾遗》）
【集解】藏器曰∶生南海畔，状如黄土，灰可浣衣。琉璃、玛瑙、玉石，以此灰埋之，
即烂如泥，至易雕刻。
【主治】白癜风、 疡风，重淋取汁，和醋敷之。以布揩破乃敷之，为疮勿怪（藏器）。
（《别录》下品）
【释名】灶心土。
弘景曰∶此灶中对釜月下黄土也。以灶有神，故号为伏龙肝，并以迂隐其名尔。今人又
用广州盐城屑，以疗漏血瘀血，亦是近月之土，盖得火烧之义也。
曰∶凡使，勿误用灶下土。其伏龙肝，是十年以来，灶额内火气积久自结，如赤色石
，中黄，其形貌八棱，取得研细，以水飞过用。
时珍曰∶按《广济历》作灶忌日云∶伏龙在不可移作。则伏龙者，乃灶神也。《后汉书
》言∶阴子方腊日晨炊而灶神见形。注云∶宜市买猪肝泥灶，令妇孝。则伏龙肝之名义，又
取此也。临安陈舆言∶砌灶时，纳猪肝一具于土，俟其日久，与土为一，乃用之，始与名符。
盖本于此。
《独孤滔丹书》言∶伏龙肝取经十年灶下，掘深一尺，有色如紫瓷者是真，可缩贺，伏
丹砂。盖亦不知猪肝之义，而用灶下土以为之也。
【气味】辛，微温，无毒。权曰∶咸。大明曰∶热，微毒。
【主治】妇人崩中吐血，止咳逆血。醋调，涂痈肿毒瓦斯（《别录》）。止鼻洪，肠风带下，
尿血泄精，催生下胞，及小儿夜啼（大明）。
治心痛狂癫，风邪蛊毒，妊娠护胎，小儿脐疮重舌，风噤反胃，中恶猝魇，诸疮（时珍）。
【附方】旧十六，新十七。
猝中恶气∶伏龙肝末，一鸡子大，水服取吐。（《千金方》）
魇寐暴绝∶灶心对锅底土，研末，水服二钱，更吹入鼻。（《千金方》）
中风口噤不语，心烦恍惚，手足不随，
或腹中痛满，或时绝而复苏。伏龙肝末五升。水八升，搅，澄清濯之。（《千金方》）
狂癫谬乱不识人∶伏龙肝末，水服方寸匕，日三服。（《千金方》）
小儿夜啼∶伏龙肝末二钱，朱砂一钱，麝香少许。为末，蜜丸绿豆大。每服五丸，桃符
汤下。（《普济方》）
小儿重舌∶釜下土，和苦酒涂之。（《千金方》）
重舌肿木∶伏龙肝末，牛蒡汁调涂之。（《圣惠方》）
冷热心痛∶伏龙肝末，方寸匕，热以水温，冷以酒服。（《外台秘要》）
反胃吐食∶灶中土年久者，为末，米饮服三钱，经验。（《百一选方》）
猝然咳嗽∶釜月土一分，豉七分，捣丸梧桐子大。每饮下四十丸。（《肘后方》）
吐血衄血∶伏龙肝末半升。新汲水一升，淘汁，和蜜服。（《广利方》）
吐血泻血心腹痛∶伏龙肝、地垆土、多年烟壁土，等分，每服五钱，水二碗，煎一碗，
澄清，空心服，白粥补之。（《普济方》）
妇人血漏∶伏龙肝半两，阿胶、蚕砂（炒）各一两。为末。每空肚酒服二、三钱，以知
为度。（寇氏《衍义》）
赤白带下，日久黄瘁，六脉微涩。伏龙肝（炒令烟尽）、棕榈灰、屋梁上尘（炒烟尽）
等分。
为末，入龙脑、麝香各少许，每服三钱，温酒或淡醋汤下。一年者，半月可安。（《大全方》）
产后血气攻心痛，恶物不下∶用灶中心土研末，酒服二钱，泻出恶物，立效。（《救急方》）
妊娠热病∶伏龙肝末一鸡子许，水调服之，仍以水和涂脐方寸，干又上。（《伤寒类要》
）
子死腹中，母气欲绝∶伏龙肝末三钱，水调下。（《十全博救方》）
横生逆产∶灶中心对锅底土，细研。每服一钱，酒调，仍搽母脐中。（《救急方》）
胞衣不下∶灶下土一寸，醋调，纳脐中，续服甘草汤三、四合。（《产宝》）
中诸蛊毒∶伏龙肝末一鸡子大，水服取吐。（《千金方》）
六畜肉毒∶方同上。
阴冷发闷，冷气入腹，肿满杀人。釜月下土，和鸡子白敷之。（《千金方》）
男阴猝肿∶方同上。
诸腋狐臭∶伏龙肝末，频敷之。（《千金方》）
耳出汁∶绵裹伏龙肝末塞之，日三易。（《圣济录》）
小儿脐疮∶伏龙肝末敷之。（《圣惠方》）
小儿丹毒∶多年灶下黄土末，和屋漏水敷之，新汲水亦可，鸡子白或油亦可，干即易。
（《肘后方》）
小儿热疖∶釜下土、生椒末等分。醋和涂之。（《千金方》）
疮久烂∶灶内黄土（年久者，研细）、入黄柏、黄丹、赤石脂、轻粉（末）等分。清
油调入，油绢中贴之。勿动，数日愈。纵痒，忍之良。（《济急方》）
发背欲死∶伏龙肝末，酒调，浓敷之。干即易，平乃止。（《千金》）
一切痈肿∶伏龙肝，以蒜和作泥，贴之，干再易。或鸡子黄和亦可。（《外台秘要》）
杖疮肿痛∶釜月下土为末，油和涂之，卧羊皮上，频涂。（《千金方》）
灸疮肿痛∶灶中黄土末，煮汁淋之。（《千金方》）
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【主治】妇女难产，用热酒送服一钱。（孙藏器）
（出自《本草拾遗》）
【集解】孙藏器说：这种药生长在南海边，形状像黄土，其灰可以用来洗衣服。琉璃、玛瑙、玉石，用这种灰埋藏其中，就会烂得像泥一样，非常容易雕刻。
【主治】白癜风、疡风（一种皮肤顽疾），取浓汁，与醋调和后敷于患处。先用布擦拭破损处再敷药，出现疮口不要奇怪。（孙藏器）
（出自《名医别录》下品）
【释名】灶心土。
陶弘景说：这是灶中对着锅底下方的黄土。因为灶中有神灵，所以称为“伏龙肝”，这也是为了委婉隐晦地称呼它罢了。现在有人又使用广州盐城的土屑，来治疗漏血和瘀血，这也算是接近月亮的土，大概符合火烧的含义吧。
李曰：凡是使用此药，不要误用灶下的普通土。这伏龙肝，是十年来灶额内火气积聚日久自然结成的，像红色的石头，中间黄色，形状呈八棱形，取得后研成细粉，用水飞法处理后使用。
李时珍说：查阅《广济历》关于建灶禁忌日的记载说：“伏龙所在之处不可移动建造。”那么“伏龙”指的就是灶神。《后汉书》记载：阴子方在腊日清晨做饭时灶神显现身形。注释说：“应当购买猪肝涂抹灶台，以保佑妇人孝顺。”那么“伏龙肝”的名称含义，又是取自于此。临安人陈舆说：砌灶时，将一头猪肝埋在土里，等时间久了，与土融为一体，才使用它，这才与名称相符。大概本源于此。
《独孤滔丹书》说：伏龙肝要取十年老灶下，挖掘深一尺，颜色像紫瓷器的是真品，可以收缩贺（此处疑为衍文或特定术语，暂译保留），伏制丹砂。这也大概是不知道猪肝的含义，而用灶下的土来代替它。
【气味】辛味，微温，无毒。雷敩说：咸味。马志说：热性，微毒。
【主治】妇女崩中吐血，止咳逆咯血。用醋调匀，涂抹痈肿毒瓦斯（《名医别录》）。止鼻出血，肠风便血，白带，尿血滑精，催生下胎衣，以及小儿夜啼（马志）。
治疗心痛狂癫，风邪蛊毒，妊娠护胎，小儿脐疮重舌，风噤反胃，中恶猝然昏厥，各种疮疡（李时珍）。
【附方】旧方十六首，新方十七首。
猝然中恶气：伏龙肝粉末，如鸡蛋大小，用水送服，令其呕吐。（《千金方》）
魇寐暴绝（梦魇猝死）：灶心对锅底的土，研成粉末，用水送服二钱，再吹入鼻孔。（《千金方》）
中风口噤不语，心烦恍惚，手足不能随意活动，
或者腹中疼痛胀满，或者时而断气时而复苏。伏龙肝粉末五升。水八升，搅拌，澄清后洗涤患处。（《千金方》）
狂癫错乱不识人：伏龙肝粉末，用水送服一方寸匕，每日三次服用。（《千金方》）
小儿夜啼：伏龙肝粉末二钱，朱砂一钱，麝香少许。研成粉末，蜂蜜丸如绿豆大。每次服用五丸，桃符汤送下。（《普济方》）
小儿重舌：锅底下的土，与醋调和涂之。（《千金方》）
重舌肿木：伏龙肝粉末，用牛蒡汁调涂。（《圣惠方》）
冷热心痛：伏龙肝粉末，一方寸匕，热证用温水送服，冷证用酒送服。（《外台秘要》）
反胃吐食：灶中年代久远的土，研成粉末，米饮送服三钱，有效验。（《百一选方》）
猝然咳嗽：釜月下土一分，豆豉七分，捣丸如梧桐子大。每次饮酒送下四十丸。（《肘后方》）
吐血衄血：伏龙肝粉末半升。新汲水一升，淘洗取汁，加蜜服用。（《广利方》）
吐血泻血心腹痛：伏龙肝、地垆土、多年烟壁土，各等分。每次服用五钱，水两碗，煎至一碗，澄清后空腹服用，随后喝白粥补养。（《普济方》）
妇人血漏：伏龙肝半两，阿胶、蚕砂（炒）各一两。研成粉末。每次空腹酒服二、三钱，以见效为度。（寇氏《衍义》）
赤白带下，日久面色黄悴，六脉微涩。伏龙肝（炒至烟尽）、棕榈灰、屋梁上尘（炒至烟尽）
各等分。
研成粉末，加入龙脑、麝香各少许，每次服用三钱，温酒或淡醋汤送下。病程一年的，半月可安。（《大全方》）
产后血气攻心痛，恶露不下：用灶中心土研成粉末，酒服二钱，泻出恶物，立即见效。（《救急方》）
妊娠热病：伏龙肝粉末如鸡蛋许，水调服，仍用水调和涂于脐部方寸大小，干了再涂。（《伤寒类要》）
子死腹中，母气欲绝：伏龙肝粉末三钱，水调下。（《十全博救方》）
横生逆产：灶中心对锅底的土，细研。每次服用一钱，酒调服，并搽抹母亲脐中。（《救急方》）
胞衣不下：灶下土一寸，醋调，纳入脐中，接着服用甘草汤三、四合。（《产宝》）
中诸蛊毒：伏龙肝粉末如鸡蛋大小，用水送服，令其呕吐。（《千金方》）
六畜肉毒：方法同上。
阴冷发闷，冷气入腹，肿满致死。釜月下土，与鸡蛋清调和敷之。（《千金方》）
男阴猝肿：方法同上。
诸腋狐臭：伏龙肝粉末，频繁敷之。（《千金方》）
耳出汁：绵裹伏龙肝粉末塞入耳中，每日更换三次。（《圣济录》）
小儿脐疮：伏龙肝粉末敷之。（《圣惠方》）
小儿丹毒：多年灶下黄土末，与屋漏水调和敷之，新汲水也可以，鸡蛋清或油也可以，干了就换。（《肘后方》）
小儿热疖：釜下土、生椒末等分。醋调和涂之。（《千金方》）
疮久烂：灶内黄土（年久的，研细）、黄柏、黄丹、赤石脂、轻粉（末）等分。清油调入，油绢中贴之。不要动，数日痊愈。即使痒，忍住就好。（《济急方》）
发背欲死：伏龙肝粉末，酒调，厚敷之。干了就换，平了才停。（《千金方》）
一切痈肿：伏龙肝，与蒜和作泥，贴之，干了再换。或用鸡蛋黄调和也可以。（《外台秘要》）
杖疮肿痛：釜月下土为末，油调涂之，卧在羊皮上，频繁涂。（《千金方》）
灸疮肿痛：灶中黄土末，煮汁淋之。（《千金方》）
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Indications] Dystocia in women; take one qian with hot wine. (Sun Zangqi)
(From *Bencao Shiyi* [Supplement to Materia Medica])
[Collection and Explanation] Sun Zangqi stated: It grows by the South Sea, resembling yellow earth; its ash can be used for washing clothes. Glaze, agate, jade, and stone buried in this ash will rot like mud, making them very easy to carve.
[Indications] Vitiligo (Bai Dian Feng), Yang Feng (a stubborn skin disease); take concentrated juice, mix with vinegar, and apply to the affected area. Wipe the broken skin with cloth before application; do not be surprised if sores appear. (Sun Zangqi)
(From *Mingyi Bielu* [Record of Famous Physicians], Lower Grade)
[Names] Zao Xin Tu (Furnace Heart Earth).
Tao Hongjing said: This is the yellow earth beneath the pot in the center of the stove. Because there is a spirit in the stove, it is called "Fu Long Gan" (Hidden Dragon's Liver), which is also a euphemistic name. Nowadays, people also use Guangzhou salt field earth powder to treat bleeding and blood stasis; this is also earth near the moon, presumably deriving meaning from fire burning.
Li said: When using it, do not mistake it for ordinary earth under the stove. Fu Long Gan is formed over ten years by the accumulation of fire energy inside the stove's forehead, resembling red stone, yellow in the middle, with an eight-prismatic shape. After obtaining it, grind it into fine powder and use it after water-floating purification.
Li Shizhen said: According to *Guangji Li* regarding taboo days for building stoves: "Where Fu Long resides, construction should not be moved." Thus, "Fu Long" refers to the Stove God. *Book of Later Han* states: Yin Zifang saw the Stove God manifest form while cooking breakfast on La Day. The annotation says: "One should buy pig liver mud to smear the stove, ensuring the wife's filial piety." Thus, the meaning of the name "Fu Long Gan" is derived from this. Chen Yu of Lin'an said: When building a stove, bury a whole pig liver in the earth; wait until it merges with the earth over time, then use it, which truly matches the name. This likely originates from here.
*Du Gu Tao Dan Shu* states: For Fu Long Gan, dig one chi deep under a ten-year-old stove; those colored like purple porcelain are genuine, capable of contracting He (possibly a typo or specific alchemical term) and subduing Cinnabar. This is likely due to ignorance of the pig liver meaning, using stove earth instead.
[Flavor and Properties] Pungent, slightly warm, non-toxic. Lei Xiao said: Salty. Ma Zhi said: Hot, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Metrorrhagia and hematemesis in women; stops coughing up blood against the reverse flow. Mix with vinegar and apply to carbuncles and swelling toxins (*Mingyi Bielu*). Stops epistaxis, intestinal wind leukorrhea, hematuria, seminal emission, promotes labor and delivery of the placenta, and treats infantile night crying (Ma Zhi).
Treats heart pain, mania and epilepsy, wind evil and gu poison, protects the fetus during pregnancy, infantile umbilical sores and polyglottis, wind lock and regurgitation, sudden death from evil qi, and various sores (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Sixteen old prescriptions, seventeen new prescriptions.
Sudden attack of evil qi: Take Fu Long Gan powder, size of a chicken egg, swallow with water to induce vomiting. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Nightmare and sudden collapse: Take earth from the center of the stove opposite the bottom of the pot, grind into powder, swallow two qian with water, and blow into the nose. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Stroke with locked jaw and inability to speak, mental restlessness and confusion, limbs unable to move,
or abdominal pain and fullness, or intermittent respiration and recovery. Take five sheng of Fu Long Gan powder. Add eight sheng of water, stir, clarify, and wash the affected area. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Mania and epilepsy with confusion and failure to recognize people: Take Fu Long Gan powder, swallow one fang cun bi with water, three times daily. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Infantile night crying: Take two qian of Fu Long Gan powder, one qian of Zhusha (Cinnabar), and a small amount of Shexiang (Musk). Grind into powder, make pills the size of mung beans with honey. Take five pills each time, swallowed with Tao Fu Tang (Peach Talisman Decoction). (*Puji Fang*)
Infantile polyglottis: Use earth from under the cauldron, mix with Ku Jiu (vinegar), and apply. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Polyglottis swelling and stiffness: Take Fu Long Gan powder, mix with Niubangzi juice (Arctii Fructus Juice), and apply. (*Shenghui Fang*)
Cold and hot heart pain: Take one fang cun bi of Fu Long Gan powder. For heat patterns, swallow with warm water; for cold patterns, swallow with wine. (*Waitai Miyao*)
Regurgitation and vomiting food: Take earth from the stove that has been there for many years, grind into powder, swallow three qian with rice drink. Effective. (*Baiyi Xuanfang*)
Sudden cough: Take one part earth from under the cauldron, seven parts Dou Chi (Fermented Soybean), pound into pills the size of wutong seeds. Swallow forty pills with each drink. (*Zhouhou Fang*)
Hematemesis and epistaxis: Take half sheng of Fu Long Gan powder. Add one sheng of fresh well water, wash and extract juice, mix with honey and take. (*Guangli Fang*)
Hematemesis, hematochezia, heart and abdominal pain: Take equal parts of Fu Long Gan, Di Lu Tu (Earth Furnace Earth), and Yan Bi Tu (Smoke Wall Earth from many years). Take five qian each time, add two bowls of water, decoct to one bowl, clarify, and take on an empty stomach; supplement with white porridge. (*Puji Fang*)
Women's blood leakage: Take half liang of Fu Long Gan, one liang of Ejiao (Donkey-hide Gelatin), and one liang of Can Sha (Mulberry Leaf Silkworm Excrement, stir-fried). Grind into powder. Take two or three qian with wine on an empty stomach each time, until efficacy is achieved. (Kou Zongshi *Yanyi*)
Red and white leukorrhea, long-standing with sallow complexion, six pulses slightly choppy. Take Fu Long Gan (stir-fried until smoke ceases), Zong Lv Hui (Palma Palm Ash), and Wu Liang Shang Chen (Dust from roof beams, stir-fried until smoke ceases) in equal parts.
Grind into powder, add a small amount of Long Nao (Borneol) and Shexiang (Musk). Take three qian each time, swallowed with warm wine or light vinegar soup. Those with one-year duration can be stabilized in half a month. (*Daquan Fang*)
Postpartum blood and qi attacking heart causing pain, lochia not descending: Take earth from the center of the stove, grind into powder, swallow two qian with wine to expel foul matter, immediate effect. (*Jiuji Fang*)
Pregnancy febrile disease: Take Fu Long Gan powder about the size of a chicken egg, mix with water and swallow. Also mix with water and apply to the navel area of one fang cun square; reapply when dry. (*Shanghan Leiyao*)
Dead fetus in the womb, mother's vital energy about to perish: Take three qian of Fu Long Gan powder, mix with water and swallow. (*Shiquan Bojiu Fang*)
Breech presentation and dystocia: Take earth from the center of the stove opposite the bottom of the pot, grind finely. Take one qian each time, mix with wine and swallow, and also rub into the mother's navel. (*Jiuji Fang*)
Retained placenta: Take one cun of earth under the stove, mix with vinegar, insert into the navel, then continue to swallow San Si he of Gancao Tang (Licorice Decoction). (*Chanbao*)
Poisoned by various gu poisons: Take Fu Long Gan powder the size of a chicken egg, swallow with water to induce vomiting. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Poison from livestock meat: Same method as above.
Cold sensation in yin, cold qi entering abdomen, swelling and distension leading to death. Take earth from under the cauldron, mix with egg white and apply. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Sudden swelling of male yin: Same method as above.
Axillary bromhidrosis: Take Fu Long Gan powder, apply frequently. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Ear discharge: Wrap Fu Long Gan powder in cotton and insert into the ear, change three times daily. (*Shengji Lu*)
Infantile umbilical sore: Apply Fu Long Gan powder. (*Shenghui Fang*)
Infantile erysipelas: Take yellow earth powder from under the stove for many years, mix with dripping water from roof eaves and apply. Fresh well water is also acceptable; egg white or oil is also acceptable. Change when dry. (*Zhouhou Fang*)
Infantile hot boil: Take earth from under the cauldron and raw pepper powder in equal parts. Mix with vinegar and apply. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Chronic ulceration: Take earth from inside the stove (aged, ground fine), Huangbai (Phellodendri Cortex), Huang Dan (Lead Monoxide), Chishi Zhi (Red Halloysite), and Qing Fen (Calomel, powdered) in equal parts. Mix with clear sesame oil, apply within oil silk. Do not move; heals in several days. Even if it itches, endure it. (*Jiji Fang*)
Carbuncle on back nearing death: Take Fu Long Gan powder, mix with wine, apply thickly. Change when dry, stop when flat. (*Qianjin Fang*)
All kinds of carbuncles and swellings: Take Fu Long Gan, mix with garlic to make paste, apply. Change when dry. Or mix with egg yolk. (*Waitai Miyao*)
Swelling and pain from beating wounds: Take earth from under the cauldron, grind into powder, mix with oil and apply. Lie on sheepskin, apply frequently. (*Qianjin Fang*)
Swelling and pain from moxibustion wounds: Take earth from the stove, boil juice and pour over. (*Qianjin Fang*)