（《纲目》）
【集解】时珍曰∶按∶《山海经》云∶葛山澧水有珠鳖。状如肺而有
统志》云∶生高州海中。状如肺，四目六足而吐珠。《吕氏春秋》云∶澧水鱼之美者，名曰
珠鳖，六足
腹。皆指此也
【气味】甘，酸，无毒。
【主治】食之，辟疫疠（时珍）。
（《拾遗》）
【释名】时珍曰∶按∶《说文》云∶鼋，大鳖也。甲虫惟鼋最大，故
也。
【集解】颂曰∶鼋生南方，江湖中。大者围一、二丈。南人捕食之
其卵圆大如鸡、鸭子，一产一二百枚。人亦掘取以盐淹食，煮之白不凝。
藏器曰∶性至难死，剔其肉尽，口犹咬物。可张鸟鸢。
弘景曰∶此物老者，能变为魅，非急弗食之。
时珍曰∶鼋如鳖而大，背有 ，青黄色，大头黄颈，肠属于
故曰鼋鸣鳖应。淮南万毕术云∶烧鼋脂以致鳖。皆气类相感也。张鼎
或云∶此物在水食鱼，与人共体，具十二生肖肉，裂而悬之，一夜便觉垂长也。
甲
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】炙黄酒浸，治瘰 ，杀虫逐风，恶疮痔 ，风顽疥瘙，功同鳖甲（藏器）。五
脏邪气，杀百虫毒、百药毒，续筋骨
肉
【气味】甘，平，微毒。
【主治】湿气、邪气，诸虫（藏器）。
脂
【主治】摩风及恶疮（孟诜）。
胆
【气味】苦，寒，有毒。
【主治】喉痹，以生姜、薄荷汁化少许服，取吐（时珍）。
【《本草纲目》】
【集解】李时珍说：查阅《山海经》记载：葛山的澧水中有珠鳖。形状像肺，（《大明一统志》）记载：产于高州的海中。形状像肺，有四个眼睛、六只脚并能吐出珍珠。《吕氏春秋》记载：澧水中美味的鱼，名叫珠鳖，有六只脚和腹部的特征。这些描述指的都是同一种生物。
【气味】味甘，味酸，无毒。
【主治】食用它可以预防瘟疫（李时珍）。
【《本草拾遗》】
【释名】李时珍说：查阅《说文解字》记载：鼋，是大鳖的意思。甲虫中只有鼋最大，所以被称为鼋。
【集解】苏颂说：鼋生长在南方，江河湖泊中。大的直径有一到二丈。南方人捕捉它来食用。它的卵圆形且大，像鸡、鸭蛋一样，一次产一二百枚。人们也挖掘出来用盐腌制食用，煮后肉质变白但不凝固。
陈藏器说：这种动物极难杀死，即使剔尽肉，嘴还会咬东西。可以张开作为鸟鸢（风筝）。
陶弘景说：这种动物年老后，能变成精怪，不是紧急情况不要食用它。
李时珍说：鼋像鳖但体型更大，背部有花纹，呈青黄色，头大颈黄，肠子连接着（特定的部位），所以说“鼋鸣鳖应”。《淮南万毕术》记载：烧鼋的油脂可以招引鳖。这都是因为气类相互感应。张鼎（注：此处原文可能有缺漏或引用他人观点）
有人说：这种动物在水中吃鱼，与人身体相似，具备十二生肖的肉，把它裂开悬挂起来，一夜之后就会觉得变长。
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】用黄酒浸泡炙烤过的鼋肉，治疗瘰疬（颈部淋巴结结核），杀虫驱风，治疗恶疮、痔疮、顽固的风疹疥癣，功效与鳖甲相同（陈藏器）。清除五脏邪气，杀灭百虫毒、百药毒，接续筋骨。
【气味】味甘，性平，微毒。
【脂】
【胆】
【气味】味苦，性寒，有毒。
[Compendium of Materia Medica]
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen stated: According to the *Classic of Mountains and Seas* (Shan Hai Jing), there is a pearl turtle (Zhu Bie) in the Li River of Ge Mountain. Its shape resembles the lung. The *Da Ming Yi Tong Zhi* records that it lives in the seas of Gaozhou. It resembles a lung, has four eyes, six feet, and can spit pearls. The *Lüshi Chunqiu* records: "The delicious fish of the Li River is named Zhu Bie," possessing six feet and abdominal features. All these descriptions refer to this same creature.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, sour, non-toxic.
[Indications] Consuming it helps prevent epidemics (Li Shizhen).
[Supplement to Materia Medica]
[Names] Li Shizhen stated: According to the *Shuowen Jiezi*, "Yuan" means a large soft-shelled turtle. Among shelled creatures, only the Yuan is the largest, hence the name.
[Collected Explanations] Su Song said: The Yuan inhabits the south, in rivers and lakes. Large specimens can have a circumference of one or two zhang. Southerners catch them for food. Their eggs are round and large, similar to chicken or duck eggs, with a clutch size of one to two hundred. People also dig them up, preserve them with salt, and eat them; when boiled, the flesh turns white but does not coagulate.
Chen Cangqi said: This animal is extremely difficult to kill; even after all its meat is scraped off, its mouth still bites. It can be stretched out to serve as a kite.
Tao Hongjing said: Old specimens of this animal can transform into spirits/demons; they should not be eaten unless in urgent circumstances.
Li Shizhen said: The Yuan resembles a soft-shelled turtle but is larger. Its back has patterns, appearing greenish-yellow, with a large head and yellow neck. Its intestines connect to [specific parts], thus saying "When the Yuan croaks, the soft-shelled turtle responds." The *Huainanzi Wanbi Shu* records: "Burning the fat of the Yuan attracts soft-shelled turtles." This is due to the mutual resonance of similar qi types. Zhang Ding [text fragment missing]
It is said: This animal eats fish in water and shares similarities with the human body, possessing the meats of the twelve zodiac animals. If split open and hung, it will appear to lengthen overnight.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, neutral, non-toxic.
[Indications] Roasted and soaked in Huangjiu (Yellow Rice Wine), it treats Scrofula (Luoli, lymphatic tuberculosis), kills parasites, expels wind, and treats malignant sores, hemorrhoids, stubborn wind-rash, and scabies. Its efficacy is similar to that of Biejia (Turtle Shell) (Chen Cangqi). It clears pathogenic qi from the five zang organs, kills poisons from hundreds of insects and medicines, and repairs sinews and bones.
[Flavor and Toxicity] Sweet, neutral, slightly toxic.
[Indications] Dampness, pathogenic qi, various parasites (Chen Cangqi).
[Fat]
[Indications] Massage treatment for wind pathogens and malignant sores (Meng Shen).
[Gallbladder]
[Flavor and Toxicity] Bitter, cold, toxic.
[Indications] Hou Bi (sore throat with obstruction/swelling). Mix a small amount with Ginger Juice (Shengjiang Zhi) and Mint Juice (Bohe Zhi) and take orally to induce vomiting (Li Shizhen).