（《纲目》）
【释名】洎夫蓝（《纲目》）、撒法郎。
【集解】时珍曰∶番红花，出西番回回地面及天方国，即彼地红蓝花也。
元时，以入食馔用。按∶张华《博物志》言∶张骞得红蓝花种于西域，则此即一种，或方
域地气稍有异耳。
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】心忧郁积，气闷不散，活血。久服令人心喜。又治惊悸（时珍）。
【附方】新一。
人所传。（王玺《医
（《纲目》）
【释名】 赦。
时珍曰∶按伏候《中华古今注》云∶燕脂起自纣，以红蓝花汁凝作之。调脂饰女面，产
于燕地，故曰燕脂。或作 赦。匈奴人名妻为阏氏，音同燕脂，谓其颜色可爱如燕脂也。俗
作胭肢、胭支者，并谬也。
【集解】时珍曰∶燕脂有四种∶一种以红蓝花汁染胡粉而成，乃《苏鹗演义》所谓
燕脂叶似蓟，花似蒲，出西方，中国谓之红蓝，以染粉为妇人面色者也。一种以山燕脂花汁
染粉而成，乃《段公路北户录》所谓端州山间有花丛生，叶类蓝，正月开花似蓼，土人采含
苞者为燕脂粉，亦可染帛，如红蓝者也。一种以山榴花汁作成者，郑虔《胡本草》中载之。
一种以紫矿染绵而成者，谓之胡燕脂，李 《南海药
紫梗是也。大抵皆可入血病药用。又落葵子亦可取汁和粉饰面，亦谓之胡燕脂，见菜部。
【气味】甘，平，无毒。
【主治】小儿 耳，浸汁滴之（《开宝》）。活血，解痘毒（时珍）。
【附方】新五。
婴孩鹅口，白浓如纸∶用坯子燕脂，以乳汁调涂之，一宿效。男用女乳，女用男乳。（《集
简方》）
漏疮肿痛∶猪胆七个，绵燕脂十个洗水，和匀，搽七次即可。（《救急方》）
防痘入目∶燕脂嚼汁点之。（《集简方》）
痘疮倒陷∶干燕脂三钱，胡桃（烧存性）一个，研末，用胡荽煎酒服一钱，再服取效。
（《救急方》）
【释名】洎夫蓝（《本草纲目》）、撒法郎。
【集解】李时珍说：番红花，出产于西番回回地区及天方国，就是当地所说的红蓝花。
元代时，人们将其用于饮食烹饪。据考证：张华的《博物志》记载：张骞从西域带回红蓝花种子，那么这也就是同一种植物，只是由于地域和地气不同略有差异罢了。
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】治疗心中忧郁积聚，气机闷滞不散，具有活血功效。长期服用使人心情愉悦。又能治疗惊悸（李时珍补充）。
【附方】新增一方。
人所传。（王玺《医……）
【释名】赦。
李时珍说：据伏候《中华古今注》记载：燕脂起源于商纣王时期，是用红蓝花的汁液凝结制成的。调和油脂涂抹女子面部，产于燕地，所以叫燕脂。有时写作“赦”。匈奴人称呼妻子为“阏氏”，读音与燕脂相同，意思是其颜色可爱如同燕脂一般。俗写为“胭肢”、“胭支”的，都是错误的。
【集解】李时珍说：燕脂有四种：一种是用红蓝花的汁液染制胡粉而成，这就是《苏鹗演义》中所说的燕脂叶像蓟，花像蒲，产于西方，中国称为红蓝，用来染粉作为妇女面色的那种。一种是用山燕脂花的汁液染粉而成，这是《段公路北户录》中所述的端州山间丛生的花，叶子像蓝草，正月开花像蓼，当地人采集花苞制成燕脂粉，也可以染丝织品，就像红蓝花一样。一种是用山石榴花的汁液制成的，郑虔在《胡本草》中有记载。一种是用紫矿染绵而成的，称为胡燕脂，是李珣《南海药……中的紫梗。大体上都可以用于治疗血病药物中。另外落葵子也可以取汁混合粉饰面，也称为胡燕脂，见蔬菜部。
【气味】味甘，性平，无毒。
【主治】治疗小儿耳疾，浸出汁液滴入耳中（《开宝本草》）。活血，解痘毒（李时珍补充）。
【附方】新增五方。
婴儿鹅口疮，白色脓液如纸片状：用坯子燕脂，用乳汁调匀涂抹，一夜见效。男孩用女孩乳汁，女孩用男孩乳汁。（《集简方》）
漏疮肿痛：猪胆七个，绵燕脂十个洗净水渍，混合均匀，涂抹七次即可痊愈。（《救急方》）
防止痘疮进入眼睛：嚼碎燕脂取汁点眼。（《集简方》）
痘疮倒陷：干燕脂三钱，胡桃（烧至存性）一个，研成粉末，用胡荽煎酒送服一钱，再服一次即可见效。（《救急方》）
[Nomenclature] Jifulan (Compendium of Materia Medica), Safalang.
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen stated: Saffron originates from the regions of Western Fan Huihui and Tianfang, which is the same as the red safflower found in those areas.
During the Yuan Dynasty, it was used in culinary preparations. According to research: Zhang Hua's *Bowuzhi* records that Zhang Qian obtained red safflower seeds from the Western Regions; thus, this is the same plant, with slight variations due to different geographical locations and climatic conditions.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats mental depression and accumulation, stagnation of Qi causing chest tightness, and promotes blood circulation. Long-term consumption brings joy to the heart. It also treats palpitations and fright (supplemented by Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] One new prescription.
Transmitted by people... (Wang Xi, *Medical...* [Text incomplete])
[Nomenclature] She.
Li Shizhen stated: According to Fu Hou's *Zhonghua Gujin Zhu*, rouge originated during the reign of King Zhou of Shang. It was made by condensing the juice of red safflower. Mixed with grease for women's facial cosmetics, produced in the Yan region, hence named "Yanzhi" (Rouge). Sometimes written as "She". The Xiongnu people called their wives "Yanzhi" (Yanzhi), with a pronunciation similar to Yanzhi, meaning its color is as lovely as rouge. Commonly written as "Yanzhi" or "Yanzhi" are incorrect.
[Collected Explanations] Li Shizhen stated: There are four types of rouge:
One type is made by dyeing Hu powder (white lead powder) with red safflower juice. This is what Su E's *Yanyi* refers to as having leaves like thistle and flowers like cattail, produced in the West, known in China as red safflower, used to dye powder for women's complexion.
Another type is made by dyeing powder with the juice of mountain yanzhi flowers. This corresponds to the description in Duan Gonglu's *Buhu Lu*: flowers growing in clusters in the mountains of Duanzhou, leaves resembling indigo, blooming in the first lunar month like smartweed. Locals harvest the buds to make rouge powder, which can also dye silk fabrics, similar to red safflower.
A third type is made from the juice of pomegranate flowers, recorded in Zheng Qian's *Hu Bencao*.
A fourth type is made by dyeing cotton with dragon's blood resin, called Hu Yanzhi, referring to the purple stem mentioned in Li Xun's *Nanhai Yao...*
Generally, all these can be used in medicines treating blood disorders. Additionally, the seeds of Malabar spinach can have their juice extracted and mixed with powder for facial application, also called Hu Yanzhi, see the Vegetable Section.
[Flavor and Properties] Sweet in taste, neutral in nature, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats pediatric ear diseases; drip the infused juice into the ear (*Kaibao Bencao*). Promotes blood circulation and resolves toxin from smallpox (supplemented by Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Five new prescriptions.
Infant thrush (white patches like paper): Use raw rouge, mix with breast milk, apply externally. Effective overnight. For boys, use female breast milk; for girls, use male breast milk. (*Jijian Fang*)
Fistula swelling and pain: Seven pig gallbladders, ten pieces of cotton rouge washed with water, mix evenly, apply seven times until cured. (*Jiuji Fang*)
Preventing smallpox lesions from entering the eyes: Chew rouge to extract juice and apply to the eyes. (*Jijian Fang*)
Smallpox lesions sinking inward: Three qian of dry rouge, one walnut (roasted until carbonized but retaining efficacy), grind into powder. Take one qian with wine decocted with coriander, take again for effect. (*Jiuji Fang*)