（音蒙童。《纲目》）
【释名】越王鸟（《纲目》）、鹤顶（同）、 雕（同）。
【集解】时珍曰∶案刘欣期《交州志》云∶
如孔雀，喙长尺余，黄白黑色，光莹如漆，南人以为饮器。罗山《疏》云∶越王鸟状如乌鸢，
而足长口勾，
食虫鱼，惟啖木叶。粪似薰陆香，山人得之以为香，可入药用。杨慎《丹铅录》云∶
，即今鹤顶也。
粪
【主治】水和，涂杂疮（竺法真登《罗山疏》）。
（宋《嘉 》）
【释名】犁鹕、 （音户泽）、
禹锡曰∶昔有人窃肉入河，化为此鸟，今犹有肉，因名逃河。
时珍曰∶此俚言也。案∶《山海经》云∶沙水多犁鹕，其名自呼。后人转为鹈鹕耳。又
吴谚云∶夏至前来，谓之犁鹕，言主水也。夏至后来，谓之犁涂，言主旱也。陆玑云∶遇小
泽即以胡盛水，戽涸取鱼食，故曰 ，曰淘河。俗名淘鹅，因形也。又讹而为驼鹤。
【集解】禹锡曰∶鹈鹕，大如苍鹅。颐下有皮袋，容二升物，展缩由之，袋中盛水以养
鱼。云身是水沫，惟胸前有两块肉，列如拳。《诗》云∶惟鹈在梁，不濡
言爱其嘴也。
时珍曰∶鹈鹕处处有之，水鸟也。似鹗而甚大，灰色如苍鹅。喙长尺余，直而且广，口
中正赤，颔下胡大如数升囊。好群飞，沉水食鱼，亦能竭小水取鱼。俚人食其肉，取其脂入
药。用翅骨、 骨作筒，吹喉、鼻药甚妙。其盛水养鱼、身是水沫之说，盖妄谈也。又案晁
以道云∶鹈之属有曰漫画者，以嘴画水求鱼，无一息之停。有曰信天缘者，终日凝立，不易
其处，俟鱼过乃取之。所谓信天缘者，即俗名青翰者也，又名青庄。此可喻人之贪廉。
脂油
时珍曰∶剥取其脂，熬化掠取，就以其嗉盛之，则不渗漏。他
【气味】咸，温，滑，无毒。
【主治】涂痈肿，治风痹，透经络，通耳聋（时珍）。
【发明】时珍曰∶淘鹅油性走，能引诸药透入病所拔毒，故能治聋、痹、肿毒诸病。
【附方】新一。
耳聋∶用淘鹅油半匙，磁石一小豆，麝香少许，和匀，以绵裹成挺子，塞耳中，口含生
铁少许。用三五次
嘴
【气味】咸，平，无毒。
【主治】赤白久痢成疳，烧存性研末，水服一方寸匕（《嘉 》）。
舌
【主治】疔疮（时珍）。
毛皮
【主治】反胃吐食，烧存性，每酒服二钱（时珍。出《普济》
（音同“蒙童”。出自《本草纲目》）
【释名】越王鸟（出自《本草纲目》）、鹤顶（同上）、雕（同上）。
【集解】李时珍说：据刘欣期《交州志》记载：这种鸟像孔雀，喙长一尺多，颜色为黄、白、黑相间，光泽莹润如漆，南方人把它当作饮器使用。罗山的《疏》记载：越王鸟形状像乌鸦和老鹰，但脚长嘴钩，吃虫子和鱼，只吃木叶。粪便像乳香一样，山民得到它后将其作为香料，可以入药。杨慎《丹铅录》记载：[此处原文缺字，指代前文提到的鸟或物]，就是现在的鹤顶。粪便[此处原文缺字，指代前文提到的鸟或物]。
【主治】用水调和，涂抹各种杂疮（出自竺法真登《罗山疏》）。
（出自宋代《嘉祐本草》）
【释名】犁鹕、[此处原文缺字，音同“户泽”]、[此处原文缺字]。
苏颂说：从前有人偷肉进入河中，化身为这种鸟，现在体内仍有肉，因此得名“逃河”。
李时珍说：这是民间俗语。查考《山海经》记载：沙水中有很多犁鹕，它的名字是自己呼出的。后人转音为“鹈鹕”罢了。又有吴地谚语说：夏至前来，称为犁鹕，意思是主管雨水；夏至后来，称为犁涂，意思是主管干旱。陆玑说：遇到小水坑就用胡（喉囊）盛水，戽干取水里的鱼来吃，所以叫[此处原文缺字]，也叫淘河。俗名叫淘鹅，是因为它的形状。又讹传为驼鹤。
【集解】苏颂说：鹈鹕，大得像苍鹅。下巴下有皮袋，能容纳两升东西，伸缩自如，袋中盛水用来养鱼。据说身体是水沫做的，只有胸前有两块肉，排列如拳头大小。《诗经》说：“惟鹈在梁，不濡其咮”，说的是爱惜它的嘴。
李时珍说：鹈鹕到处都有，是水生鸟类。像鸱鸺（猫头鹰一类）但更大，灰色像苍鹅。喙长一尺多，直而且宽，口中正红，下巴下的胡大如几个升的囊。喜欢群飞，潜水捕鱼，也能排干小水塘取鱼。乡人吃它的肉，取它的脂肪入药。用翅骨、[此处原文缺字，指代某骨]骨做成筒状，吹入咽喉、鼻腔药物非常奇妙。它盛水养鱼、身体是水沫的说法，大概是妄谈。又查考晁以道说：鹈属中有叫“漫画”的，用嘴划水求鱼，一刻不停。有叫“信天缘”的，整天凝立不动，不改变位置，等待鱼经过才捕捉。所谓“信天缘”的，就是俗名青翰的，又名青庄。这可以比喻人的贪婪与廉洁。
李时珍说：剥取它的脂肪，熬化后撇取，就用它的嗉囊盛放，就不会渗漏。其他[此处原文缺字]。
【气味】咸味，温性，滑利，无毒。
【发明】李时珍说：淘鹅油性质走窜，能引导诸药透入病所拔除毒邪，所以能治疗聋、痹、肿毒等各种疾病。
【附方】新方一则。
耳聋：用淘鹅油半匙，磁石一小豆大小，麝香少许，混合均匀，用棉包裹成条状，塞入耳中，口含少许生铁。用三五次即可见效。
【嘴】
【气味】咸味，平性，无毒。
【主治】赤白久痢发展成疳积，烧存性研成粉末，用水送服一方寸匕（出自《嘉祐本草》）。
【舌】
【毛皮】
(Mon Tong. *Bencao Gangmu*)
[Names] Yuewang Bird (*Bencao Gangmu*), He Ding (same), Diao (same).
[Collected Explanations] Shizhen says: According to Liu Xinqi's *Jiaozhou Zhi*: It resembles a peacock, with a beak over one chi long, colored yellow, white, and black, glossy like lacquer. People in the south use it as a drinking vessel. Luo Shan's *Shu* states: The Yuewang Bird resembles a crow or kite, but has long legs and a hooked beak. It eats insects and fish, consuming only tree leaves. Its feces resemble frankincense; mountain people collect it as incense, which can be used in medicine. Yang Shen's *Danqian Lu* states: [Character missing], is the present-day He Ding. Feces [Character missing].
[Therapeutic Actions] Mix with water and apply to various sores (*Luo Shan Shu* by Zhu Fazhendeng).
(From Song Dynasty *Jiayou Bencao*)
[Names] Li Hu, [Character missing] (sound "Hu Ze"), [Character missing].
Su Song says: In the past, someone stole meat into a river and transformed into this bird; there is still meat inside it now, hence the name "Tao He" (Fleeing River).
Shizhen says: This is a colloquial saying. Checking *Shanhai Jing*, it states: There are many Li Hu in Sha Water, and their name is self-called. Later generations changed the pronunciation to "Ti Hu". There is also a Wu dialect proverb: Before the Summer Solstice, it is called Li Hu, meaning it governs rain; after the Summer Solstice, it is called Li Tu, meaning it governs drought. Lu Ji says: When encountering small pools, it uses its gular pouch to hold water, bailing out the water to catch fish for food. Hence it is called [Character missing], and also Tao He. Colloquially known as Tao E (Washing Goose), due to its shape. It is also mispronounced as Tuo He.
[Collected Explanations] Su Song says: Ti Hu is as large as a grey goose. It has a skin pouch under the chin capable of holding two sheng of material, expanding and contracting at will, storing water to raise fish. It is said that its body is made of water foam, with only two pieces of meat on the chest, arranged like fists. The *Classic of Poetry* says: "Only the Ti Hu on the dam does not wet its beak," referring to cherishing its beak.
Shizhen says: Ti Hu is found everywhere; it is a water bird. It resembles an owl but is much larger, grey like a grey goose. The beak is over one chi long, straight and wide, red inside the mouth. The gular pouch under the chin is as large as several sheng bags. It likes to fly in flocks, dives into water to eat fish, and can also drain small waters to catch fish. Villagers eat its meat and extract its fat for medicine. Using wing bones and [Character missing] bones made into tubes to blow powder into the throat and nose is very effective. The claims that it stores water to raise fish and that its body is water foam are likely false talk. Furthermore, checking Chao Yidao: Among the Ti group, there is one called "Man Hua," which draws lines in the water to seek fish without resting for a moment. There is one called "Xin Tian Yuan" (Trust Heaven's Fate), which stands still all day without changing position, waiting for fish to pass before catching them. The so-called "Xin Tian Yuan" is the colloquial name Qing Han, also named Qing Zhuang. This can metaphorically represent human greed and integrity.
Shizhen says: Peel off its fat, boil and skim it, then store it in its crop, so it will not leak. Other [Character missing].
[Properties and Flavor] Salty, warm, slippery, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Apply to carbuncles and swellings, treat wind-bi syndrome, unblock meridians, cure deafness (Shizhen).
[Elucidation] Shizhen says: Tao E oil has a penetrating nature, capable of guiding other medicines into the disease site to draw out toxins. Therefore, it can treat deafness, bi-syndrome, swelling, and toxic sores.
[Attached Prescriptions] New prescription one.
Deafness: Use half a spoonful of Tao E oil, a magnet stone the size of a soybean, and a little musk. Mix evenly, wrap in cotton to form a stick, insert into the ear, and hold a little raw iron in the mouth. Use three to five times.
[Beak]
[Properties and Flavor] Salty, neutral, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Treat chronic dysentery with red and white discharge progressing to infantile malnutrition (gan syndrome). Calcine until carbonized, grind into powder, and take one fangcun bi (a measure equivalent to a square inch) with water (*Jiayou Bencao*).
[Tongue]
[Therapeutic Actions] Treat ding sores (Shizhen).
[Fur and Skin]
[Therapeutic Actions] Treat regurgitation and vomiting. Calcine until carbonized, take two qian each time with wine (Shizhen. From *Puji Fang*).