（《本经》上品）
【释名】石鲮（《本经》吴普作鲮石）、石龙藤（《别录》）、悬石（同）、耐冬（恭）、云
花
（《普》）、云英（《普》）、云丹（《普》）、石血（恭）、云珠（《普》。别录又名略石、领石、
明石、石磋）。恭曰∶俗名耐冬。以其包络石木而生，故名络石。山南人谓之石血，疗产后
血结，大良
【集解】《别录》曰∶络石生太山川谷，或石山之阴，或高山岩石上，或生人间。五
月采。
弘景曰∶不识此药，方法无用者。或云是石类，既生人间，则非石，犹如石斛等系石为
名
恭曰∶此物生阴湿处，冬夏常青，实黑而圆，其茎蔓延绕树石侧。若在石间者，叶细浓
而圆短；绕树生者，叶大而薄。人家亦种之为饰。
保升曰∶所在有之，生木石间，凌冬不凋，叶似细橘叶。茎节着处，即生根须，包络石
旁。花白子黑。六月、七月采茎叶，日干。
藏器曰∶在石者良，在木者随木性有功，与薜荔相似。更有石血、地锦等十余种藤，并
是其类。大略皆主风血，暖腰脚，变白不老。苏恭言石血即络石，殊误矣。络石叶圆正青；
石血叶尖，一头赤色。
时珍曰∶络石贴石而生。其蔓折之有白汁。其叶小于指头，浓实木强，面青背淡，涩
而不光。有尖叶、圆叶二种，功用相同，盖一物也。苏恭所说不误，但欠详耳。
茎叶
【修治】雷曰∶凡采得，用粗布揩去毛了，以熟甘草水浸一伏时，切晒用。
【气味】苦，温，无毒。《别录》曰∶微寒。普曰∶神农∶苦，小温；雷公∶苦，平，
无毒；扁鹊、桐君∶甘，无毒。
当之曰∶大寒。药中君也。采无时。
时珍曰∶味甘、微酸、不苦。
之才曰∶杜仲、牡丹为之使。恶铁落，畏贝母、菖蒲。杀殷 毒。
【主治】风热死肌痈伤，口干舌焦，痈肿不消，喉舌肿闭，水浆不下（《本经》）。大惊
入腹，除邪气，养肾，主腰髋痛，坚筋骨，利关节。久服轻身明目，润泽好颜色，不老延年
。通神（《别录》）。主一切风，变白宜老（藏器）。蝮蛇疮毒，心闷，服汁并洗之。刀斧伤疮
，敷之立瘥（恭）。
【发明】时珍曰∶络石性质耐久，气味平和。神农列之上品，李当之称为药中之君。其
功主筋骨关节风热痈肿，变白耐老。即医家鲜知用者，岂以其近贱而忽之耶？服之当浸酒耳
。《仁存堂方》云∶小便白浊，缘心肾不济，或由酒色，遂至已甚，谓之上淫。盖有虚热而
肾不足，故土邪干水。史载之言∶夏则土燥水浊，冬则土坚水清，即此理也。医者往往峻补
，其疾反甚。惟服博金散，则水火既济，源洁而流清矣。用络石、人参、茯苓各二两，龙骨
（）一两。为末。每服二钱，空心米饮下，日二服。
【附方】旧一，新二。
小便白浊∶方同上。
喉痹肿塞，喘息不通，须臾欲绝，神验∶方∶用络石草一两。水一升，煎一大盏。细细
呷之，少顷即通。（《外台秘要》）
痈疽 痛，止痛∶灵宝散∶用鬼系腰（生竹篱阴湿石岸间，络石而生者，好；络木者，
无
用。其藤柔细，两叶相对，形生三角，用茎叶）一两（洗晒，勿见火），皂荚刺一两（新瓦
炒黄
），甘草节半两，大栝蒌一个（取仁炒香），乳香、没药各三钱。每服二钱，水一盏，酒半盏
，慢火煎至一盏，温服。（《外科精要》）
（《神农本草经》列为上品）
【释名】石鲮（《神农本草经》吴普写作“鲮石”）、石龙藤（《名医别录》）、悬石（同上）、耐冬（苏恭）、云花（吴普）、云英（吴普）、云丹（吴普）、石血（苏恭）、云珠（吴普。《名医别录》又名略石、领石、明石、石磋）。苏恭说：俗名叫耐冬。因为它包络着石头和树木生长，所以叫络石。山南地区的人叫它石血，治疗产后血结，效果很好。
【集解】《名医别录》说：络石生长在太山的山谷中，或者石山的北面，或者高山的岩石上，或者生长在人居附近。五月采集。
陶弘景说：不认识这种药，医方中很少使用。有人说它是石类，既然生长在人居附近，那就不是石头，就像石斛等以石为名的药材一样。
苏恭说：这种植物生长在阴湿的地方，冬夏常青，果实黑色且圆，茎蔓蔓延缠绕在树石侧面。如果生长在石缝间，叶子细小浓密而圆短；缠绕在树上生长的，叶子大而薄。人们也种植它作为装饰。
马保升说：各地都有，生长在木石之间，凌冬不凋谢，叶子像细小的橘叶。茎节接触的地方，就生根须，包络在石头旁边。花白色，果实黑色。六月、七月采集茎叶，晒干。
陈藏器说：生长在石头上的质量好，生长在木头上的随木性发挥作用，与薜荔相似。更有石血、地锦等十几种藤本植物，都属于这一类。大体上都主治风血病，温暖腰脚，使头发变白并延缓衰老。苏恭说石血就是络石，这是很大的错误。络石的叶子圆正青色；石血的叶子尖，一头是赤色。
李时珍说：络石贴着石头生长。它的藤蔓折断后有白色汁液。叶子比手指头小，厚实木质性强，正面青背面淡，表面涩而不光滑。有尖叶、圆叶两种，功效相同，大概是一种东西。苏恭的说法没有错误，只是不够详细罢了。
【修治】雷敩说：凡是采得后，用粗布擦去毛，用煮熟的甘草水浸泡一个时辰（约两小时），切碎晒干使用。
【气味】苦，温，无毒。《名医别录》说：微寒。吴普说：神农认为苦，小温；雷公认为苦，平，无毒；扁鹊、桐君认为甘，无毒。
李当之说：大寒。是药中的君主。随时可采集。
李时珍说：味甘、微酸、不苦。
徐之才说：杜仲、牡丹作为它的引经药。畏忌铁落，害怕贝母、菖蒲。能杀殷毒。
【主治】风热导致的肌肉坏死痈伤，口干舌焦，痈肿不消，喉舌肿胀闭塞，无法进食饮水（《神农本草经》）。大惊入腹，祛除邪气，滋养肾脏，主治腰髋痛，坚固筋骨，通利关节。长期服用轻身明目，润泽好颜色，不老延年。通神（《名医别录》）。主治一切风病，使头发变白并适宜养老（陈藏器）。蝮蛇疮毒，心闷，服用汁液并清洗伤口。刀斧创伤，敷上立即痊愈（苏恭）。
【发明】李时珍说：络石性质耐久，气味平和。神农将其列为上品，李当之称其为药中之君。它的主要功效是治疗筋骨关节的风热痈肿，使头发变白并延缓衰老。然而医生们很少知道使用它，难道是因为它接近卑贱之物而忽视它吗？服用时应当泡酒饮用。《仁存堂方》说：小便白浊，原因是心肾不交，或者由于酒色过度，导致病情严重，称为上淫。大概是有虚热而肾不足，所以土邪干扰水液。史载之言说：夏天土燥水浊，冬天土坚水清，就是这个道理。医生们往往峻补，疾病反而加重。只有服用博金散，则水火既济，源头清洁而水流清澈。用络石、人参、茯苓各二两，龙骨一两。研为末。每次服用二钱，空腹米饮送下，每天两次。
【附方】旧方一个，新方两个。
小便白浊：方剂同上。
喉痹肿塞，喘息不通，片刻欲绝，神效：方剂：用络石草一两。水一升，煎至一大盏。细细呷服，一会儿即通畅。（《外台秘要》）
痈疽疼痛，止痛：灵宝散：用鬼系腰（生长在竹篱阴湿石岸间，与络石共生的为好；与木头共生的，无用。其藤柔细，两叶相对，形状生三角，用茎叶）一两（洗晒，勿见火），皂荚刺一两（新瓦炒黄），甘草节半两，大栝蒌一个（取仁炒香），乳香、没药各三钱。每次服用二钱，水一盏，酒半盏，慢火煎至一盏，温服。（《外科精要》）
(Top Grade in *Shennong Bencao Jing*)
**[Names]** Shiling (Wu Pu in *Shennong Bencao Jing* wrote "Ling Shi"), Shilong Teng, Xuan Shi (same as above), Naidong (Su Gong), Yunhua (Wu Pu), Yunying (Wu Pu), Yundan (Wu Pu), Shixue (Su Gong), Yunzhu (Wu Pu. *Mingyi Bielu* also names it Lueshi, Lingshi, Mingshi, Shicuo). Su Gong said: The common name is Naidong. Because it envelops stones and trees while growing, it is named Luoshi. People in southern mountains call it Shixue; it is very effective for treating postpartum blood accumulation.
**[Collection and Explanation]** *Mingyi Bielu* states: Luoshi grows in the valleys of Mount Tai, or on the shady side of rocky mountains, or on high mountain rocks, or near human dwellings. It is harvested in May.
Tao Hongjing said: I do not recognize this herb, and it is rarely used in medical prescriptions. Some say it is a stone-like substance; since it grows near human dwellings, it is not actually a stone, similar to Shihu (Dendrobium) which takes its name from stones.
Su Gong said: This plant grows in shady and moist places, remaining evergreen in winter and summer. Its fruits are black and round. The stems creep and wrap around trees and rocks. If growing among stones, the leaves are fine, dense, round, and short; if wrapping around trees, the leaves are large and thin. People also cultivate it for decoration.
Ma Baosheng said: It is found everywhere, growing between wood and stones, not withering in winter. The leaves resemble those of small citrus plants. Where the stem nodes touch surfaces, they take root and envelop the sides of stones. The flowers are white, and the fruits are black. The stems and leaves are harvested in June and July and dried in the sun.
Chen Zangqi said: Those growing on stones are of good quality; those growing on wood derive efficacy from the wood's nature and are similar to Bili (Ficus pumila). There are more than ten types of vines such as Shixue and Dijin that belong to this category. Generally, they all treat wind-blood disorders, warm the waist and legs, turn hair white, and prevent aging. Su Gong’s statement that Shixue is Luoshi is significantly erroneous. Luoshi has round, upright green leaves; Shixue has pointed leaves with one end being red.
Li Shizhen said: Luoshi grows attached to stones. When its vines are broken, they exude a white juice. The leaves are smaller than a finger, thick, woody, and tough, with a green front and pale back, rough and not shiny. There are two varieties: pointed leaves and round leaves. Their functions are identical, likely being the same species. Su Gong’s description is not incorrect but lacks detail.
**[Processing]** Lei Xiao said: After harvesting, wipe off the hairs with coarse cloth, soak in cooked Licorice water for one shichen (approx. 2 hours), cut, and dry before use.
**[Flavor and Toxicity]** Bitter, warm, non-toxic. *Mingyi Bielu* says: Slightly cold. Wu Pu said: Shennong considered it bitter and slightly warm; Lei Gong considered it bitter, neutral, and non-toxic; Bian Que and Tong Jun considered it sweet and non-toxic.
Li Dangzhi said: Greatly cold. It is the sovereign of herbs. It can be harvested at any time.
Li Shizhen said: Sweet, slightly sour, not bitter.
Xu Zhicai said: Eucommia bark (Duzhong) and Tree Peony bark (Mudanpi) act as its guides. It clashes with Iron Filings (Tielluo) and fears Fritillaria (Beimu) and Acorus (Changpu). It kills Yin poison.
**[Indications]** Wind-heat causing muscle necrosis and sores, dry mouth and scorched tongue, unresolving carbuncles, swelling and closure of throat and tongue, inability to drink water or eat (*Shennong Bencao Jing*). Sudden fright entering the abdomen, expelling evil qi, nourishing the Kidney, treating pain in the lower back and hips, strengthening sinews and bones, benefiting joints. Long-term consumption lightens the body, improves vision, enhances complexion, prevents aging, and prolongs life. Enhances spiritual connection (*Mingyi Bielu*). Treats all wind disorders, turns hair white, and aids longevity (Chen Zangqi). For Viper bite sores and toxins, chest oppression: consume the juice and wash the wound. For axe or knife wounds: apply externally for immediate healing (Su Gong).
**[Elucidation]** Li Shizhen said: Luoshi has durable properties and a mild flavor. Shennong listed it in the Top Grade, and Li Dangzhi called it the Sovereign of Medicines. Its main functions are treating wind-heat carbuncles of the sinews, bones, and joints, turning hair white, and resisting aging. Yet physicians rarely know to use it; is it because it is considered humble and thus neglected? It should be taken by soaking in wine. The *Renctun Tang Fang* states: White turbid urine results from the failure of Heart and Kidney interaction, or excessive alcohol and sexual indulgence, leading to severe condition known as "Upper Indulgence." This implies deficiency heat and insufficient Kidney essence, allowing Earth pathogen to disturb Water. As Shi Zaiyan stated: In summer, Earth is dry and Water is turbid; in winter, Earth is firm and Water is clear, illustrating this principle. Physicians often use harsh tonification, which worsens the disease. Only by taking Bojin San can Fire and Water interact harmoniously, making the source clean and the flow clear. Use Luoshi, Ginseng, and Poria each 2 liang, and Dragon Bone 1 liang. Grind into powder. Take 2 qian per dose, with rice water on an empty stomach, twice daily.
**[Attached Prescriptions]** One old prescription, two new ones.
White Turbid Urine: Prescription same as above.
Sore Throat with Swelling and Obstruction, Panting and Inability to Breathe, Life-threatening in Moments, Divine Efficacy: Prescription: Use 1 liang of Luoshi grass. Add 1 sheng of water, decoct to 1 da zhan. Sip slowly; patency will return shortly (*Waitai Miyao*).
Carbuncle and Ulcer Pain, Pain Relief: Lingbao San: Use Guixi Yao (growing on shady, moist stone banks among bamboo fences, symbiotic with Luoshi is good; symbiotic with wood is useless. The vine is soft and fine, leaves opposite each other, triangular shape, use stems and leaves) 1 liang (wash and dry, avoid fire), Gleditsia Sinensis Spine 1 liang (stir-fry in yellow on new tile), Licorice Node 0.5 liang, Large Trichosanthes Fruit 1 (take seeds, stir-fry until fragrant), Frankincense and Myrrh each 3 qian. Take 2 qian per dose with 1 zhan of water and 0.5 zhan of wine, decoct slowly over low heat to 1 zhan, take warm (*Waike Jingyao*).