（《拾遗》）
【释名】虎子桐（《拾遗》）、荏桐（《衍义》）
时珍曰∶罂子，因实状似罂也。虎子，以其毒也。荏者，言其油似荏油也。
【集解】藏器曰∶罂子桐生山中。树似梧桐。
颂曰∶南人作油者，乃冈桐也。有子大于梧子。
宗 曰∶荏桐，早春先开淡红花，状如鼓子花，成筒子。子可作桐油。
时珍曰∶冈桐即白桐之紫花者。油桐枝、干、花、叶并类冈桐而小，树长亦迟，花
亦微红。
但其实大而圆，每实中有二子或四子，大如大风子。其肉白色，味甘而吐人。亦或谓之
紫花桐。人多种莳收子，货之为油，入漆家及 船用，为时所须。人多伪之，惟以篾圈蘸起
如鼓面者为真。
桐子油
【气味】甘、微辛，寒，有大毒。
大明曰∶冷，微毒。时珍曰∶桐油吐人，得酒即解。
【主治】摩疥癣虫疮毒肿。毒鼠至死（藏器）。敷恶疮，及宣水肿，涂鼠咬处。能辟鼠
（大
明）。涂胫疮、汤火伤疮。吐风痰喉痹，及一切诸疾，以水和油，扫入喉中探吐；或以子研
末，吹入喉中取吐。又点灯烧铜箸头，烙风热烂眼，亦妙（时珍）。
【附方】新七。
痈肿初起∶桐油点灯，入竹筒内熏之，得出黄水即消。（《医林正宗》）。
血风 疮∶胡粉 过研，桐油调作隔纸膏，贴之。又方∶用船上陈桐油锻石 过，又以
人发拌桐油炙干为末，仍以桐油调作膏，涂纸上，刺孔贴之。（杨起《简便方》）。
脚肚风疮如癞∶桐油、人乳等分，扫之。数次即愈。（《集简方》）。
酒渣赤鼻∶桐油入黄丹、雄黄，敷之。（《摘玄方》）。
冻疮皲裂∶桐油一碗，发一握。熬化瓶收。每
解砒石毒∶桐油二升，灌之。吐即毒解。（华佗危病方）
【附录】KT 桐（音而郢切）
藏器曰∶生山谷间。状似青桐，叶有丫。人取皮以沤丝。木皮味甘，温，无毒。治蚕
咬毒瓦斯入腹，末服之。鸡犬食蚕欲死者，煎汁灌之，丝烂即愈。叶∶主蛇、虫、蜘蛛咬毒，
捣烂封之。
（出自《开宝本草拾遗》）
【释名】虎子桐（出自《开宝本草拾遗》）、荏桐（出自《嘉祐补注神农本草衍义》）。
李时珍说：罂子，是因为果实的形状像罂粟瓶。虎子，是因为它有毒性。荏，是说它的油类似于荏油（紫苏籽油）。
【集解】陈藏器说：罂子桐生长在山中。树形像梧桐树。
苏颂说：南方人用来榨油的，是冈桐。种子比梧桐子大。
寇宗奭说：荏桐，早春先开淡红色的花，形状像鼓子花，结成筒状果实。种子可以制作桐油。
李时珍说：冈桐就是白桐中开紫花的品种。油桐的枝条、树干、花、叶都类似冈桐但较小，树木生长也缓慢，花朵也微红。
但实际上果实大而圆，每个果实中有两粒或四粒种子，大小如大风子（巴豆科植物种子）。果肉白色，味道甘甜但能使人呕吐。也有人称它为紫花桐。人们多种植并收获种子，出售以提取油脂，供漆匠和造船使用，是当时所需之物。人们常伪造它，只有用竹篾圈蘸起后像鼓面一样平整的才是真品。
【气味】味甘、微辛，性寒，有大毒。
唐慎微（大明）说：性冷，微毒。李时珍说：桐油能使人呕吐，饮酒即可解毒。
【主治】涂抹治疗疥癣、虫疮、毒肿。毒杀老鼠至死（陈藏器）。敷治恶疮，以及宣通水肿，涂抹被老鼠咬伤处。能驱避老鼠（唐慎微）。涂抹胫部疮疡、烫伤火伤。催吐风痰引起的喉痹，以及一切各种疾病，用水调和桐油，扫入喉中探吐；或者将种子研成粉末，吹入喉中取吐。又或用灯芯点燃铜筷头，烙烫风热导致的烂眼症，也很奇妙（李时珍）。
【附方】新收录七则。
痈肿初起：用桐油点灯，放入竹筒内熏蒸患处，引出黄水即消退。（《医林正宗》）。
血风疮：胡粉经过研磨，用桐油调制成隔纸膏，贴敷患处。另一法：用船上存放的陈旧桐油与锻石混合，再与人发拌合桐油炙干研末，仍用桐油调制成膏，涂在纸上，刺孔后贴敷。（杨起《简便方》）。
小腿肚风疮如癞疾：桐油与人乳各半，涂抹患处。数次即可痊愈。（《集简方》）。
酒渣鼻赤红：桐油加入黄丹、雄黄，敷贴患处。（《摘玄方》）。
冻疮皲裂：桐油一碗，头发一握。熬化后装入瓶中收藏。每次使用时……（原文此处似有缺漏，按文意推测为外用）。每解砒石毒：桐油二升，灌服。吐出后毒素即解。（华佗危病方）
【附录】KT 桐（音同“而郢”切音）
陈藏器说：生长在山谷间。形状像青桐，叶子有丫叉。人们取树皮来沤丝。木皮味甘，性温，无毒。治疗蚕咬毒气入腹，研末服用。鸡犬吃了蚕欲死时，煎汁灌服，丝烂即愈。叶：主治蛇、虫、蜘蛛咬伤中毒，捣烂封敷患处。
(From *Kaibao Bencao Shiyi*)
[Names] Huzitong (Tiger Poplar) (*Kaibao Bencao Shiyi*), Ren Tong (*Jiayou Buzhu Shen Nong Bencao Yan Yi*).
Li Shizhen stated: "Yingzi" is named because the fruit resembles a small jar. "Huzi" refers to its toxicity. "Ren" indicates that its oil resembles Ren oil (Perilla seed oil).
[Collection of Explanations] Chen Cangqi stated: Yingzitong grows in mountains. The tree resembles the Wutong tree (Firmiana simplex).
Su Song stated: The species used by people in the south for oil production is Gangtong. Its seeds are larger than those of Wutong.
Kou Zongshi stated: Rentong blooms with pale red flowers early in spring, resembling Drum Flower (Pharbitis nil), forming cylindrical fruits. The seeds can be used to make Tung oil.
Li Shizhen stated: Gangtong is the purple-flowered variety of Baotong (White Poplar). The branches, trunk, flowers, and leaves of Oiltung (Vernicia fordii) resemble Gangtong but are smaller; the trees grow slowly, and the flowers are slightly red.
However, the actual fruits are large and round, containing two or four seeds per fruit, similar in size to Croton seeds (Croton tiglium). The flesh is white, tastes sweet, but induces vomiting. It is also sometimes called Purple-flowered Poplar. People widely cultivate it to harvest seeds for selling as oil, which is required by lacquer makers and shipbuilders, making it a commodity of the time. People often counterfeit it; only those that form a smooth, drum-head-like surface when dipped with a bamboo hoop are genuine.
Tung Seed Oil
[Properties and Flavors] Sweet, slightly pungent, cold in nature, highly toxic.
Tang Shenwei (Da Ming) stated: Cold in nature, slightly toxic. Li Shizhen stated: Tung oil induces vomiting; drinking wine can resolve the toxicity.
[Indications] Apply topically to treat scabies, tinea, insect sores, and toxic swellings. Can kill rats upon poisoning (Chen Cangqi). Apply to malignant sores, to promote the resolution of edema, and to apply to rat bites. Can repel rats (Tang Shenwei). Apply to leg ulcers, burns, and scalds. Induce vomiting for wind-phlegm causing throat obstruction (hou bi), and for various other diseases: mix the oil with water, sweep into the throat to provoke vomiting; or grind the seeds into powder and insufflate into the throat to induce vomiting. Alternatively, light a lamp wick with copper chopsticks, heat the tip, and cauterize eyes suffering from wind-heat induced ulceration, which is also effective (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Seven new prescriptions.
Early-stage carbuncle and swelling: Light a lamp with tung oil, place inside a bamboo tube, and fumigate the affected area. Discharge of yellow fluid indicates resolution (*Yilin Zhengzong*).
Blood-wind sore: Grind lead carbonate (Hu Fen) finely, mix with tung oil to make a paper-interposed plaster, and apply. Another method: Use aged tung oil from boats mixed with calcined iron ore (Duanshi), then mix human hair with tung oil, roast until dry, and grind into powder. Still use tung oil to make a paste, apply on paper, prick holes, and apply to the lesion (Yang Qi, *Jianbian Fang*).
Wind-sore on calf resembling leprosy: Mix equal parts of tung oil and human milk, and apply. Heal after several applications (*Jijian Fang*).
Rosacea (red nose): Mix tung oil with minium (Hong Dan) and realgar (Xiong Huang), and apply (*Zhai Xuan Fang*).
Chilblains and fissures: One bowl of tung oil, one handful of hair. Boil until melted and store in a bottle. [Text incomplete]. To resolve arsenic poison: Administer two sheng of tung oil orally. Vomiting resolves the poison (Hua Tuo, *Weibing Fang*).
[Appendix] KT Tong (Pronunciation: 'Er Ying' cut)
Chen Cangqi stated: Grows in valleys. Resembles Qingtong (Green Poplar), leaves have lobes. People take the bark to soak silk fibers. The bark is sweet, warm, non-toxic. Treats venom entering the abdomen from silkworm bites; take powdered form orally. If chickens or dogs eat silkworms and are dying, decoct the juice and administer; recovery occurs when the silk rots. Leaves: Treat snake, insect, and spider bites; crush and apply externally.