（《别录》上品）
【释名】时珍曰∶按∶郭义恭《广志》云∶此香出苏合国，因以名之
剑。
【集解】《别录》曰∶苏合香出中台川谷。
恭曰∶今从西域及昆仑来，紫赤色，与紫真檀相似，坚实极芳香，惟重如石，烧之灰白
者好。
颂曰∶今广州虽有苏合香，但类苏木，无香气。药中只用如膏油者，极芬烈。陶隐居以
为狮子矢者，亦是指此膏油者言之尔。《梁书》云∶中天竺国出苏合香，是诸香汁煎成，非
自然一物也。又云∶大秦国人采得苏合香，先煎其汁以为香膏，乃卖其滓与诸国贾人。是以
展转来达中国者，不大香也。然则广南货者，其经煎煮之余乎？今用如膏油者，乃合治成者
尔。
无滓者为上。叶廷 《香谱》云∶苏合香油出大食国。气味皆类笃耨香。沈括《笔谈》云∶
今之苏合香赤色如坚木，又有苏合油如 胶，人多用之。而刘梦得《传信方》言∶苏合香多
薄叶，子如金色，按之即少，
放之即起
说，亦是油也，不必致疑。
【正误】弘景曰∶苏合香俗传是狮子屎，外国说不尔。今皆从西域来，亦不复入药，惟
供合好香尔。
恭曰∶此是胡人诳言，陶不悟也。
藏器曰∶苏合香色黄白，狮子屎色赤黑，二物相似而不同。狮子屎极臭。或云∶狮子屎
是西国草木皮汁所为，胡人将来，欲贵重之，故饰其名尔。
【气味】甘，温，无毒。
【主治】辟恶，杀鬼精物，温疟、蛊毒、痫痉，去三虫，除邪，令人无梦魇。久服，通
神明，轻身长年（《别录》）。
【发明】时珍曰∶苏合香气窜，能通诸窍脏腑，故其功能辟一切不正之气。按∶沈括《笔
谈》云∶太尉王文正公气羸多病。宋真宗面赐药酒一瓶，令空腹饮之，可以和气血，辟外邪。
公饮之，大觉安健。次日称谢。上曰∶此苏合香酒也。每酒一斗，入苏合香丸一两同煮。极
能调和五脏，却腹中诸疾。每冒寒夙兴，则宜饮一杯。自此臣庶之家皆仿为之，此方盛行于
时。其方本出唐玄宗《开元广济方》，谓之白术丸。后人亦编入《千金》、《外台》，治疾有殊
效。
【附方】新二。
苏合香丸∶治传尸骨蒸， 肺痿，疰忤鬼气，猝心痛，霍乱吐利，时气鬼魅瘴疟，赤
白暴痢，瘀血月闭， 癖疔肿，小儿惊痫客忤，大人中风、中气、狐狸等病。用苏合油一两，
安息香末二两，以无灰酒熬成膏，入苏合油内。白术、香附子、青木香、白檀香、沉香、丁
香、麝香、荜茇、诃梨勒（煨，去核
为
末，以香膏加炼蜜和成剂，蜡纸包收。每服旋丸梧子大，早朝取井华水，温冷任意，化服四
丸。老人、小儿一丸。（《惠民和剂局方》）
丸小豆大。每服二丸，白水
（收录于《名医别录》上品）
【释名】李时珍说：查阅郭义恭的《广志》记载：这种香料产自苏合国，因此得名。
【集解】《名医别录》记载：苏合香出产于中台川的山谷中。
姚僧垣说：现在从西域和昆仑地区运来，颜色紫红，与紫檀相似，质地坚硬且极其芳香，只有像石头一样沉重、燃烧后灰烬呈白色的品质较好。
苏颂说：现在广州虽然有苏合香出售，但类似苏木，没有香气。药用的只使用像膏油一样的部分，气味非常浓烈。陶弘景认为是狮子粪便的说法，也是指这种膏油而言的。《梁书》记载：中天竺国出产苏合香，是各种香汁煎煮而成的，并非天然单一物体。又记载：大秦国人采集到苏合香，先煎取其汁液制成香膏，然后将剩下的渣滓卖给各国的商人。因此辗转来到中国的，香味就不那么浓郁了。那么，广南地区销售的货物，大概是经过煎煮后的残余物吗？现在使用的像膏油一样的苏合香，是混合加工制成的。
没有渣滓的为上等。叶廷的《香谱》记载：苏合香油产自大食国。气味都类似于笃耨香。沈括在《笔谈》中说：现在的苏合香赤色如坚硬的木头，又有苏合油像胶一样，人们多用它。而刘禹锡在《传信方》中说：苏合香有很多薄叶，果实像金色，按压就凹陷，松开就弹起，这种说法，指的也是油，不必产生怀疑。
【正误】陶弘景说：民间传说苏合香是狮子的粪便，外国人不这样认为。现在都从西域运来，也不再入药，只用来制作好香。
姚僧垣说：这是胡人的欺骗言论，陶弘景没有醒悟。
陈藏器说：苏合香颜色黄白，狮子屎颜色赤黑，两物相似但不同。狮子屎极臭。有人说：狮子屎是西方国家的草木皮汁制作的，胡人拿来贩卖，想要使其贵重，所以修饰它的名字罢了。
【气味】味甘，性温，无毒。
【主治】驱除邪恶之气，杀灭鬼精邪物，治疗温疟、蛊毒、癫痫痉挛，去除三虫，排除邪气，使人不做恶梦。长期服用，能通神明，使身体轻便，延年益寿（出自《名医别录》）。
【发明】李时珍说：苏合香气味辛窜，能通达各个窍道和脏腑，所以它的功能是驱除一切不正之气。查阅沈括《笔谈》记载：太尉王文正公身体虚弱多病。宋真宗当面赐给他一瓶药酒，让他空腹饮用，可以调和气血，抵御外邪。他喝了之后，感觉非常安适健康。第二天称谢皇帝。皇上说：这是苏合香酒。每斗酒，加入一两苏合香丸同煮。极能调和五脏，消除腹中的各种疾病。每次冒着寒冷早起时，适宜喝一杯。从此臣民百姓之家都仿效制作此法，这个方子在当时盛行。这个方子原本出自唐玄宗的《开元广济方》，称为白术丸。后人也将它编入《千金方》、《外台秘要》，治疗疾病有显著疗效。
【附方】新增二首。
苏合香丸：治疗传尸骨蒸，肺痿，疰忤鬼气，突然心痛，霍乱吐泻，时行疫病及瘴疟，赤白暴痢，瘀血导致的月经闭止，癖积疔肿，小儿惊痫客忤，大人中风、中气、狐狸等病。用苏合油一两，安息香末二两，用无灰酒熬成膏，加入苏合油内。再加入白术、香附子、青木香、白檀香、沉香、丁香、麝香、荜茇、诃梨勒（煨制，去核研为末），用香膏加炼蜜调和成药剂，用蜡纸包裹收藏。每次随取随丸成梧桐子大小的药丸，早晨取井华水（清晨第一次打的井水），温度冷热随意，化开服用四丸。老人、小儿服用一丸。（出自《太平惠民和剂局方》）
[注：原文此处截断，最后一句为“丸小豆大。每服二丸，白水”，意为另一种用法或方剂，丸如小豆大，每次服用两丸，用白开水送服]
(Recorded in the Upper Grade of *Mingyi Bielu*)
**Names** Li Shizhen states: According to Guo Yigong's *Guangzhi*, this aromatic substance originates from the State of Suhel, hence its name.
**Collection and Explanation** *Mingyi Bielu* records: Suhe Xiang (Styrax) is produced in the valleys of Zhongtai Chuan.
Yao Sengyuan states: It is now imported from the Western Regions and Kunlun. It is purple-red in color, resembling Zitan (Sandalwood), solid and extremely fragrant. The best quality is heavy as stone and turns white ash when burned.
Su Song states: Although Suhe Xiang is available in Guangzhou today, it resembles Sumu (Red Sandalwood) and lacks fragrance. Only the part resembling paste or oil is used in medicine, which has an intense aroma. Tao Hongjing's assertion that it is lion feces refers to this pasty/oily substance. *Liangshu* records: Tianzhuzhong (Central India) produces Suhe Xiang, which is made by decocting various aromatic juices; it is not a single natural object. It also records: People from Daqin (Rome) collect Suhe Xiang, first decocting the juice to make an aromatic paste, and then selling the dregs to merchants of various countries. Therefore, what reaches China through these intermediaries is less fragrant. Are the goods from Guangnan merely residues after decoction? The Suhe Xiang used today in pasty form is a compounded preparation.
Those without dregs are considered superior. Ye Ting's *Xiangpu* records: Suhe Xiang You (Suhe Xiang Oil) comes from Dasu (Arabia). Its odor resembles Dunou Xiang (Nagarmotha). Shen Kuo in *Bitan* states: Current Suhe Xiang is red like hard wood, and there is also Suhe You (Suhe Xiang Oil) like glue, which people use frequently. Liu Mengde in *Chuanxin Fang* mentions: Suhe Xiang has many thin leaves, seeds like gold, which shrink when pressed and rise when released. This description also refers to oil, so there is no need for doubt.
**Correction of Errors** Tao Hongjing states: Folk tradition claims Suhe Xiang is lion dung, but foreigners deny this. It is now all imported from the Western Regions and is no longer used in medicine, serving only to compound fine incense.
Yao Sengyuan states: This is a deceptive statement by Hu people; Tao did not realize this.
Chen Cangqi states: Suhe Xiang is yellowish-white, while lion dung is reddish-black. The two look similar but are different. Lion dung is extremely foul-smelling. Some say: Lion dung is made from the bark and juice of plants in Western countries, brought by Hu people to be valued highly, thus embellishing its name.
**Odor and Flavor** Sweet, warm, non-toxic.
**Indications** Expels evil influences, kills demonic spirits, treats Warm Malaria (Wen Nue), Gu poison, epilepsy and spasms, removes three parasites, eliminates pathogenic factors, and prevents nightmares. Long-term use promotes spiritual clarity, lightens the body, and prolongs life (*Mingyi Bielu*).
**Elucidation** Li Shizhen states: Suhe Xiang has a penetrating aroma and can unblock various orifices and organs; thus, its function is to expel all abnormal qi. According to Shen Kuo's *Bitan*: Grand Commandant Wang Wen Zheng suffered from weakness and frequent illness. Emperor Zhenzong of Song personally gifted him a bottle of medicinal wine, instructing him to drink it on an empty stomach to harmonize qi and blood and repel external pathogens. After drinking it, he felt greatly comforted and healthy. The next day, he expressed his gratitude. The Emperor said: This is Suhe Xiang Wine. For every dou of wine, one liang of Suhe Xiang Wan (Pill) is added and boiled together. It effectively harmonizes the five zang organs and cures various abdominal ailments. It is advisable to drink one cup when rising early in the cold. From then on, officials and commoners imitated this method, and this prescription became prevalent at the time. The formula originally came from Emperor Xuanzong of Tang's *Kaiyuan Guangji Fang*, known as Baizhu Wan (Atractylodes Pill). Later generations also included it in *Qianjin Fang* and *Waitai Miyao*, where it showed remarkable efficacy in treating diseases.
**Attached Prescriptions** Two new prescriptions.
Suhe Xiang Wan (Styrax Pill): Treats corpse transmission with bone-steaming fever, lung atrophy, Zhu-wu ghost qi, sudden heart pain, cholera with vomiting and diarrhea, seasonal epidemics and miasmic malaria, acute dysentery with red and white discharge, amenorrhea due to blood stasis, masses and carbuncles, pediatric fright epilepsy and Ke-wu, adult wind-stroke, qi-stagnation, and fox-related illnesses. Use one liang of Suhe You (Styrax Oil), two liang of Anxi Xiang mo (Benzoin powder). Decoct Anxi Xiang mo in non-ash wine until it becomes a paste, then mix with Suhe You. Add Baizhu (Atractylodis Rhizoma), Xiangfuzi (Cyperi Rhizoma), Qingmuxiang (Pogostemonis Herba), Baitanxiang (Santalum Album Lignum), Chenxiang (Aquilariae Lignum Resinatum), Dingxiang (Caryophylli Flos), Shexiang (Moschus), Bibie (Piperis Fructus), and Helile (Terminaliae Chebulae Fructus - roasted, pitted, and powdered). Mix with the aromatic paste and refined honey to form pills, wrapped in wax paper for storage. Roll into pills the size of wutong seeds. In the morning, take four pills dissolved in Jinghua water (first drawn well water), at any temperature suitable for the patient. Elderly and children take one pill. (*Taiping Huimin Heji Jufang*)
[Pills the size of adzuki beans. Take two pills each time, with plain water.]