（《别录》中品）
【校正】并入有名未用《别录》天蓼。
【释名】鸿 （音缬）、茏古（一作鼓）、游龙（《诗经》）、石龙（《别录》）、
录》）、大蓼。
时珍曰∶此蓼甚大而花亦繁红，故曰荭，曰鸿。鸿亦大也。《别录》有名未用，草部中
有天蓼，云一名石龙，生水中。陈藏器解云∶天蓼即水荭，一名游龙，一名大蓼。据此，则
二条乃一指其实，一指茎叶而言也。今并为一。
【集解】《别录》曰∶荭生水旁，如马蓼而大，五月采实。
弘景曰∶今生下湿地甚多，极似马蓼而甚长大。《诗》称隰有游龙，郭璞云∶即茏古也。
颂曰∶荭即水荭也，似蓼而叶大，赤白色，高丈余。《尔雅》云∶荭，茏古。其大者
（音诡）
时珍曰∶其茎粗如拇指，有毛。其叶大如商陆。花色浅红，成穗。秋深子成，扁如酸枣
仁而小，其色赤黑而肉白，不甚辛，炊炒可食。
实
【气味】咸，微寒，无毒。
【主治】消渴，去热明目益气（《别录》）。
【附方】旧一，新一。
瘰 ∶水荭子不以多少，一半微炒，一半生用，同研末。食后好酒调服二钱，日三服。
已破
癖痞腹胀及坚硬如杯碗者∶用水荭花子一升，另研独颗蒜三十个（去皮），新狗脑一个，
皮硝
再贴
二、三次。倘有脓溃，勿怪。仍看虚实，日逐间服钱氏白饼子、紫霜丸、塌气丸、消积丸，
利之磨之。服至半月，甚者一月，无不瘥矣。以喘满者，为实；不喘者，为虚。（《蔺氏经
验方》）
花
【主治】散血，消积，止痛（时珍）。
【附方】新三。
胃脘血气作痛∶水荭花一大撮。水二钟，煎一钟服。百户毛菊庄屡验方也。（董炳避《水
集验方》）
心气 痛∶水荭花为末。热酒服二钱。又法∶男，用酒水各半煎服；女，用醋水各半煎
服。一妇年三十病此，一服立效。（《摘玄方》）
腹中痞积∶水荭花或子一碗。以水三碗，用桑柴文武火煎成膏，量痞大小摊贴，仍
以酒调膏服。忌腥荤油腻之物。（刘松石《保寿堂方》）
（收录于《名医别录》中品）
【校正】将原《名医别录》中有名未用的“天蓼”并入此处。
【释名】鸿草（音同“缬”）、茏古（一作“鼓”）、游龙（出自《诗经》）、石龙（出自《名医别录》）、大蓼。
李时珍说：这种蓼草非常高大，花朵也繁茂鲜红，所以称为“荭”，也称为“鸿”。鸿也是大的意思。《名医别录》中列为有名未用药，在草部中有一条关于“天蓼”的记载，说它又名石龙，生长在水中。陈藏器解释说：天蓼就是水荭，又名游龙，又名大蓼。根据这一点，那么这两条记载其实是指同一事物，一条指其果实，一条指其茎叶。现在将它们合并为一条。
【集解】《名医别录》说：荭草生长在水边，像马蓼但体型更大，五月采集果实。
陶弘景说：现在生长在低洼湿地的很多，极像马蓼但长得更高大。《诗经》中说“隰有游龙”，郭璞注释说：就是茏古。
苏颂说：荭即水荭，形状像蓼但叶子更大，花色赤白，高达一丈多。《尔雅》说：荭，就是茏古。其中较大的（音同“诡”）。
李时珍说：它的茎粗如拇指，表面有毛。它的叶子大如商陆。花色浅红，呈穗状。深秋时种子成熟，扁平如酸枣仁但较小，颜色赤黑而果肉白色，味道不太辛辣，蒸煮或炒制后可食用。
【气味】味咸，性微寒，无毒。
【主治】治疗消渴症，去除热邪，明目，益气（出自《名医别录》）。
【附方】旧方一个，新方一个。
瘰疬（颈部淋巴结结核）已破溃：取适量水荭子，一半轻微炒制，一半生用，共同研磨成粉末。饭后用优质酒调服二钱，每日三次服用。
癖痞腹胀及坚硬如杯碗状者：取水荭花和种子一升，单独研磨；另取独头蒜三十个（去皮），新鲜狗脑一个，混合后敷贴患处，二到三次。如果有脓液溃破，不要奇怪。仍需辨别虚实，每天间隔服用钱氏白饼子、紫霜丸、塌气丸、消积丸，通过泻下和磨积来治疗。服药半个月，严重的服药一个月，没有不痊愈的。伴有气喘胸闷的为实证；不喘的为虚证。（出自《蔺氏经验方》）
花
【主治】散血，消积，止痛（李时珍）。
【附方】新方三个。
胃脘部血气作痛：取水荭花一大撮。加水两钟，煎煮至一钟后服用。这是百户毛菊庄屡试有效的方子。（出自董炳避《水集验方》）
心气痛：将水荭花研成粉末。用热酒调服二钱。另一种方法：男性，用水和酒各半煎服；女性，用醋和水各半煎服。有一位三十岁的妇女患此病，服用一次立即见效。（出自《摘玄方》）
腹中痞积：取水荭花或种子一碗。加水三碗，用桑木柴火，先武火后文火煎制成膏状，根据痞块大小摊涂贴敷，同时仍用酒调服膏剂。忌食腥荤油腻之物。（出自刘松石《保寿堂方》）
(Recorded in the Middle Grade of *Bie Lu*)
[Correction] The herb "Tianliao" (Heavenly Smartweed), listed as "known name but unused" in *Bie Lu*, is merged here.
[Names] Hongcao (pronounced like "Xie"), Longgu (also written as "Gu"), Youlong (from *Shijing* / *Classic of Poetry*), Shilong (from *Bie Lu*), Daliao (Large Smartweed).
Li Shizhen states: This smartweed is very large and its flowers are abundant and bright red, hence it is called "Hong" or "Hong". "Hong" also means large. In *Bie Lu*, it was listed under "known name but unused". In the herbal section, there is an entry for "Tianliao", stating it is also known as Shilong and grows in water. Chen Zangqi explained: Tianliao is the same as Shuihong (Water Hong), also known as Youlong and Daliao. Based on this, the two entries refer to the same substance; one refers to its fruit, and the other to its stems and leaves. They are now combined into one entry.
[Collection and Explanation] *Bie Lu* states: Hong grows beside water, resembling Maliao (Smartweed) but larger, and its seeds are harvested in May.
Tao Hongjing states: It is now abundant in low-lying wetlands, looking very much like Maliao but growing taller. The *Shijing* mentions "Youlong in the marshes"; Guo Pu commented that this is Longgu.
Su Song states: Hong is Shuihong, resembling Liao but with larger leaves, colored red and white, growing over a zhang high. *Erya* states: Hong is Longgu. The larger variety (pronounced like "Gui").
Li Shizhen states: Its stems are as thick as a thumb and hairy. Its leaves are as large as those of Phytolacca acinosa (Shanglu). The flower color is light red, forming spikes. In late autumn, the seeds mature; they are flat and small, resembling sour jujube kernels, with a dark red-black outer shell and white flesh. The taste is not very pungent, and it can be eaten after cooking or stir-frying.
[Properties and Flavor] Salty, slightly cold, non-toxic.
[Therapeutic Actions] Treats Xiao Ke (Wasting-Thirst / Diabetes), clears heat, brightens the eyes, and tonifies Qi (*Bie Lu*).
[Attached Prescriptions] One old prescription, one new prescription.
Luo Li (Scrofula / Cervical Tuberculosis) already ulcerated: Take an appropriate amount of Shuihong seeds. Fry half slightly and use the other half raw. Grind them together into powder. After meals, take 2 qian mixed with good wine, three times daily.
Pi Pi (Abdominal Masses) with bloating and hardness like cups or bowls: Take 1 sheng of Shuihong flowers and seeds, grind separately. Also prepare 30 cloves of single-clove garlic (peeled) and one fresh dog brain. Apply externally for two or three times. If pus discharges, do not be surprised. Still assess deficiency and excess. Every day, administer Qianshi Baibingzi, Zishuang Wan, Taqi Wan, and Xiaoji Wan alternately to promote purgation and dissipate accumulation. Continue for half a month, or one month for severe cases, without fail to recover. Those with panting and fullness have Excess patterns; those without panting have Deficiency patterns. (*Lin Shi Jingyan Fang*)
Flowers
[Therapeutic Actions] Disperses blood, resolves accumulations, and relieves pain (Li Shizhen).
[Attached Prescriptions] Three new prescriptions.
Stomach Epigastrium Pain due to Blood and Qi Stagnation: Take a large handful of Shuihong flowers. Add two zhong of water, decoct to one zhong, and drink. This is a frequently verified prescription by Mao Juzhuang, Baihu. (*Shui Ji Yan Fang*)
Heart Qi Pain: Grind Shuihong flowers into powder. Take 2 qian with hot wine. Another method: For males, decoct with equal parts water and wine; for females, decoct with equal parts vinegar and water. A thirty-year-old woman suffering from this condition recovered immediately after one dose. (*Zhai Xuan Fang*)
Abdominal Accumulations: Take one bowl of Shuihong flowers or seeds. Add three bowls of water. Decoct using mulberry wood fuel, first with strong fire then mild fire, until it forms a paste. Spread the paste according to the size of the accumulation and apply externally. Simultaneously, take the paste mixed with wine. Avoid greasy, rich, and fishy foods. (*Liu Songshi Bao Shou Tang Fang*)